Cited by 197Intimate Partner and Family ViolenceBullying, Victimization, and AggressionAttachment and Relationship Dynamics

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Is Psychological Aggression as Detrimental as Physical Aggression? The Independent Effects of Psychological Aggression on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

Lawrence, Erika, Yoon, Jeungeun, Langer, Amie, Ro, Eunyoe·2009·Violence and Victims

DOI 10.1891/0886-6708.24.1.20

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Abstract

The differential effects of psychological and physical victimization on depression and anxiety symptoms were examined via APIM and growth curve modeling techniques in a sample of newlyweds (N = 103 couples) assessed four times over the first 3 years of marriage. On average, husbands and wives reported moderate levels of psychological aggression, and there were no sex differences in prevalence rates or mean levels. Changes in psychological victimization were associated with changes in depression and anxiety symptoms, even after controlling for the effects of physical victimization. This study demonstrates the severe impact of psychological aggression on its victims and expands on previous studies of battering samples to demonstrate that psychological victimization may be more damaging than physical victimization in nonbattering, community couples.

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Authors: Lawrence, E., Yoon, J., Langer, A., & Ro, E.
Affiliations: University of Iowa (US)
ORCID: Lawrence, Erika
Ro, Eunyoe
Venue: Violence and Victims
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
Published: 2009-02
Volume: 24
Issue: 1
Pages: 20-35
ISSN: 0886-6708 (ISSN-L)
1945-7073
DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.24.1.20
OpenAlex: W2049178807
Cited by: 197
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 11.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Violence and Victims (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CCR721682, CE721682)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD046789, R01HD046789)
Topics: Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Keywords: psychological aggression, physical aggression, psychological victimization, physical victimization, depression, anxiety, newlyweds, couples, marital violence, longitudinal change
MeSH terms: Adult, Aggression, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Marriage, Risk Factors, Spouse Abuse, Crime Victims, Young Adult

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Is Psychological Aggression as Detrimental as Physical Aggression? The Independent Effects of Psychological Aggression on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

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