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Behavioral response of young rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to forest fire-retardant chemicals in the laboratory
Abstract
Fire-retardant chemicals often are applied in relatively pristine and environmentally sensitive areas that are potentially inhabited by endangered or threatened aquatic species. Avoidance of contaminants is an adaptive behavior that may reduce exposure to harmful conditions. We evaluated the avoidance responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to concentrations of fire-retardant chemicals and alternate constituent formulations ranging from 0.65 to 26 mg/L. Countercurrent avoidance chambers were used in a flow-through design with receiving water at each end and a drain at the center to create a distinct boundary between treatment water and reference water. Rainbow trout consistently avoided water treated with retardants at all concentrations tested. The magnitude of the avoidance response did not appear to follow a concentration-response relationship, but rather was an all-or-none response.
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“In one study, rainbow trout (O. mykiss) avoided elevated concentrations of fire retardants (Wells et al., 2004), suggesting these chemicals may affect movement and impose metabolic costs.”
From Wildfire Induces Changes in Receiving Waters: A Review With Considerations for Water Quality Management (2022) · cites this paper as Wells et al., 2004
In the citing paper
“In one study, rainbow trout (O. mykiss) avoided elevated concentrations of fire retardants (Wells et al., 2004), suggesting these chemicals may affect movement and impose metabolic costs.”
From Wildfire Induces Changes in Receiving Waters: A Review With Considerations for Water Quality Management (2022) · cites this paper as Wells et al., 2004
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Paul, M. J., LeDuc, S. D., Lassiter, M. G., Moorhead, L. C., Noyes, P. D., & Leibowitz, S. G. (2022) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2021wr030699 · Cited by 241
“In one study, rainbow trout (O. mykiss) avoided elevated concentrations of fire retardants (Wells et al., 2004), suggesting these chemicals may affect movement and impose metabolic costs.”
Metadata
- Authors
- Wells, J. B., Little, E. E., & Calfee, R. D.
- Affiliations
- United States Geological Survey (US)
- Corresponding author
- Little, Edward E.
- Venue
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-03-01
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 621-625
- ISSN
- 0730-7268 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-8618
- OpenAlex
- W2101483177
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Keywords
- rainbow trout, flame retardants, avoidance behavior, chemical contaminants, aquatic toxicology, threatened species, concentration-dependent effects, all-or-none response
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Avoidance Learning, Flame Retardants, Motor Activity, Oncorhynchus mykiss
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