Cited by 349Oral microbiology and periodontitis researchPeriodontal Regeneration and TreatmentsOral and gingival health research

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The Effectiveness of Subgingival Scaling and Root Planing in Calculus Removal

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Rabbani, Guity M., Ash, Major M., Caffesse, Raul G.·1981·Journal of Periodontology

DOI 10.1902/jop.1981.52.3.119

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Abstract

T his study presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of subgingival scaling and root planing related to depth of pocket and type of teeth. A total of 119 teeth in 25 patients were selected; 62 were scaled and 57 were used as controls. All teeth were initially scored using the calculus index of the P.D.I. (Ramfjord). Six surface locations were probed to determine pocket depth. The levels of the gingival margin were marked on the teeth to locate supra and subgingival calculus after extraction. The experimental teeth then were scaled. Both scaled and unsealed teeth were extracted immediately after the experimental procedures. The teeth were washed with water and stained with methylene blue. They were viewed under a stereomicroscope which had a tenth grid on its eyepiece. Percent of surface covered by calculus was assessed on both scaled and unsealed teeth. The results demonstrated a high correlation between percent of residual calculus and pocket depth. It was shown that pockets less than 3 mm were the easiest sites for scaling and root planing. Pocket depths between 3 to 5 mm were more difficult to scale and pockets deeper than 5 mm were the most difficult. Tooth type did not influence the results.

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“6 However, NSPT is technically sensitive 7–9 and, consequently, inflamed pockets often persist despite thorough subgingival debridement.”
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Anoixiadou, S., Parashis, A. O., & Vouros, I. D. (2023) · Dentistry Journal · doi:10.3390/dj11010025 · Cited by 13
“It is well established that when the pocket depth increases, the effectiveness of hard deposit removal is reduced [42].”
Background
Effectiveness of antimicrobial adjuncts to scaling and root-planing therapy for periodontitis.
Bonito, A. J., Lohr, K. N., Lux, L. J., Sutton, S. F., Jackman, A., Whitener, L., & Evensen, C. (2004) · PubMed Central · Cited by 13
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Rühling, A., König, J., Rolf, H., Kocher, T., Schwahn, C., & Hc, P. (2003) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.00305.x · Cited by 13
Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate irrigation as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis
Vitt, A., Gustafsson, A. K., Ramberg, P., Slizen, V., Kazeko, L. A., & Buhlin, K. (2019) · Acta Odontologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1080/00016357.2018.1541099 · Cited by 13
Clinical and Biological Effects of Adjunctive Photodynamic Therapy in Refractory Periodontitis
Habashneh, R. A., Mashal, M. A., Khader, Y. S., & Qudah, R. (2019) · Journal of lasers in medical sciences · doi:10.15171/jlms.2019.22 · Cited by 13
Do Lasers Have an Adjunctive Role in Initial Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy? A Systematic Review
Coluzzi, D. J., Anagnostaki, E., Mylona, V., Parker, S. P. A., & Lynch, E. J. (2020) · Dentistry Journal · doi:10.3390/dj8030093 · Cited by 16
“However, it has been known for some time that the debridement is usually incomplete because of the difficult access to some areas of the periodontium [7]; moreover, one study has shown that sonic powered scalers could have little effect on pathogen reduction [8].”
Background
Effects of Periodontal Endoscopy‐Assisted Nonsurgical Treatment of Periodontitis: Four‐Month Results of a Randomized Controlled Split‐Mouth Pilot Study
Graetz, C., Sentker, J., Cyris, M., Schorr, S., Springer, C., & El‐Sayed, K. M. F. (2022) · International Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.1155/2022/9511492 · Cited by 13
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Background
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“Possible reasons for the inferiority of non-surgical re-instrumentation may include challenging removal of calculus due to restricted accessibility of sites with deep probing depth, or involvement of multi-rooted teeth [10, 11].”
Background
How to train periodontal endoscopy? Results of a pilot study removing simulated hard deposits in vitro
Graetz, C., Schorr, S., Christofzik, D. W., Dörfer, C. E., & Sälzer, S. (2019) · Clinical Oral Investigations · doi:10.1007/s00784-019-02913-0 · Cited by 12
Clinical efficacy of local application of sustained-release metronidazole in periodontal therapy
Soysa, N. S., Waidyarathne, H., Ranaweera, M., & Alles, C. N. R. A. (2021) · Dentistry Review · doi:10.1016/j.dentre.2021.100006 · Cited by 12
Evaluation of subgingivally delivered 0.5% clarithromycin as an adjunct to nonsurgical mechanotherapy in the management of chronic periodontitis: a short‐term double blinded randomized control trial
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The effect of metronidazole on the presence ofP. gingivalisandT. forsythiaat 3 and 12 months after different periodontal treatment strategies evaluated in a randomized, clinical trial
Preus, H. R., Gjermo, P. E., Scheie, A. A., & Bælum, V. (2015) · Acta Odontologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016357.2014.920106 · Cited by 12
Effects of air polishing and an amino acid buffered hypochlorite solution to dentin surfaces and periodontal ligament cell survival, attachment, and spreading
Schmidlin, P. R., Fujioka‐Kobayashi, M., Mueller, H.-D., Sculean, A., Lussi, A., & Miron, R. J. (2016) · Clinical Oral Investigations · doi:10.1007/s00784-016-1950-9 · Cited by 12
Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Kieferorthopädie und Parodontologie
Diedrich, P. R. (1989) · Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie · doi:10.1007/bf02164312 · Cited by 12
A Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate Two Locally Delivered Antibiotic Gels (Piperacillin Plus Tazobactam vs. Doxycycline) in Stage III–IV Periodontitis Patients
Veja, I., Rusu, D., Rădulescu, V., Vela, O., Boariu, M. I., Roman, A., Șurlin, P., Kardaras, G., Boia, S., Chinnici, S., et al. (2023) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina59020303 · Cited by 12
“Several factors may influence its effectiveness and success, including the presence of deep periodontal pockets [20,21] and furcation damage [22–24].”
Background
The Apical Location of Calculus Within the Intrabony Defect
Richardson, A. C., Chadroff, B., & Bowers, G. M. (1990) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.1990.61.2.118 · Cited by 11
Subgingival debridement of root surfaces with a micro‐brush: macroscopic and ultrastructural assessment
Carey, H. M., & Daly, C. G. (2001) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028009820.x · Cited by 11
A morphological survey of root grooves and their influence on periodontal attachment loss
Bhusari, P. A., & Chopra, R. (2011) · The Saudi Dental Journal · doi:10.1016/j.sdentj.2011.01.001 · Cited by 11
Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy: a Review of Current Standards of Care and Innovations to Improve Gingival and Periodontal Health
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Evaluation of Non‐Surgical Periodontal Treatment Using 2 Time Intervals
Eren, K. S., Gürgan, C. A., & BOSTANCI, H. S. (2002) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2002.73.9.1015 · Cited by 10
Rotary instruments in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial
Dahiya, P., & Kamal, R. (2013) · Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology · doi:10.4103/0972-124x.124493 · Cited by 10
Calculus Removal With Diamond‐Coated Ultrasonic Inserts In Vitro
Yukna, R. A., Vastardis, S., & Mayer, E. T. (2007) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2007.060207 · Cited by 10
Efficacy of Carisolv™ as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing on subgingival calculus removal
Grisi, D. C., Salvador, S. L. D. S., & Marcantonio, R. A. C. (2006) · Brazilian Dental Journal · doi:10.1590/s0103-64402006000300007 · Cited by 10
The effects of subgingival calculus on the clinical outcomes of locally‐delivered controlled‐release doxycycline compared to scaling and root planing
Johnson, L. R., Stoller, N. H., Polson, A. M., Harrold, C. Q., Ryder, M. I., & Garrett, S. (2002) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.290201.x · Cited by 10

Authors: Rabbani, G. M., Ash, M. M., & Caffesse, R. G.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
Venue: Journal of Periodontology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1981-03
Volume: 52
Issue: 3
Pages: 119-123
ISSN: 0022-3492 (ISSN-L)
1943-3670
DOI: 10.1902/jop.1981.52.3.119
OpenAlex: W2003469771
Cited by: 349
References: 16
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 5.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Periodontology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral and gingival health research
Keywords: subgingival scaling and root planing, calculus removal, calculus index, probing depth, tooth type
MeSH terms: Dental Calculus, Dental Prophylaxis, Humans, Periodontal Pocket, Dental Scaling, Subgingival Curettage, Tooth, Tooth Root

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The Effectiveness of Subgingival Scaling and Root Planing in Calculus Removal

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