The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Learning in an online distance education course: Experiences of three international students
Open accessAbstract
This case study explores the learning experiences of three international students who were enrolled in an online master’s program offered by a large university in Canada. The aim of the study was to understand the international students’ experiences with, and perspectives on, the online learning environment. Findings indicate that previous education and especially language proficiency strongly impacted the learning of these students in this environment. Non-native English speakers required considerably more time to process readings and postings and to make postings themselves. Their lack of familiarity with the details of North American culture and colloquial language made it difficult to follow much of the course discussion. They also tended to avoid socializing in the course, which left them at the periphery of course activities. Based on these findings, the authors make the following recommendations for designers and instructors of online courses: 1) Raise the English language proficiency requirement for graduate admissions into online programs because the text-based communication in a CMC space requires interpreting messages without non-verbal cues; 2) Ensure that online distance education course designers are aware of the needs and expectations of international students; and 3) Combine the design principles from both traditional and constructivism theories.
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“Therefore, lack of teacher presence in online classes often times makes student sojourners from Confucius culture uncomfortable and unconfident with their own online learning (Morse, 2003; Zhang & Kenny, 2010).”
From Examining Culture's Impact on the Learning Behaviors of International Students from Confucius Culture Studying in Western Online Learning Context (2016) · cites this paper as Zhang & Kenny, 2010
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e-Learning, online learning, and distance learning environments: Are they the same?
Moore, J. L., Dickson-Deane, C., & Galyen, K. (2011) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2010.10.001 · Cited by 2,042
Dečman, M. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.022 · Cited by 251
Kabilan, M. K. (2013) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2013.07.013 · Cited by 152
Effectiveness of Using Screencast Feedback on EFL Students’ Writing and Perception
Ali, A. D. (2016) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.5539/elt.v9n8p106 · Cited by 84
Kang, H., & Chang, B. (2016) · Journal of International Students · doi:10.32674/jis.v6i3.356 · Cited by 70
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, Z., & Kenny, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Windsor (CA)
- Athabasca University (CA)
- ORCID
- Zhang, Zuochen
- Venue
- The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning
- Publisher
- Athabasca University Press
- Published
- 2010-03-05
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17
- ISSN
- 1492-3831 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1568313498
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 30.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Érudit (Université de Montréal) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Online and Blended Learning
- Social Sciences › Communication › International Student and Expatriate Challenges
- Social Sciences › Education › English Language Learning and Teaching
- Keywords
- international students, online learning, distance education, online master's programs, language proficiency, non-native English speakers, computer-mediated communication, online course design, student socialization, constructivism
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