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Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles – Prospects and Applications in Medicine
Open accessAbstract
Metallic nanoparticles (NPs), among polymeric NPs, liposomes, micelles, quantum dots, dendrimers, or fullerenes, are becoming more and more important due to their potential use in the novel medical therapies. Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide, titania, TiO2) is an inorganic compound that owes its recent rise in scientific interest to photoactivity. After the illumination in aqueous media with UV light, TiO2 produces an array of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The capability to produce ROS and thus induce cell death has found application in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of a wide range of maladies, from psoriasis to cancer. Titanium dioxide NPs were studied as photosensitizing agents in the treatment of malignant tumors as well as in photodynamic inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Both TiO2 NPs themselves, as well as their composites with other molecules, can be successfully used as photosensitizers in PDT. Moreover, various organic compounds can be grafted on TiO2 NPs, leading to hybrid materials. These nanostructures can reveal increased light absorption allowing their further use in targeted therapy in medicine. In order to improve efficient anticancer therapy, many approaches utilizing titanium dioxide were tested. The most significant studies are discussed in this review.
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![Figure 3 Simplified mechanism of reactive oxygen species generation by TiO2 (based on [37]).](/paper-figures/ba9d67da2c7545a987a6c01c90cbf725/titanium-dioxide-nanoparticles-amp-ndash-prospects-and-applications-in-medicine-figure-3.jpg)
![Figure 4 Aluminum tetrasulfonatedphthalocyanine chloride linked to nitrogen-doped anatase TiO2 nanoparticles by electrostatic interactions (based on [58]).](/paper-figures/94f16419efb4423d8d573a2f4e523cd0/titanium-dioxide-nanoparticles-amp-ndash-prospects-and-applications-in-medicine-figure-4.jpg)
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“The results showed that structure of anatase can produce OH˙radicals in the photocatalytic reaction, which will help eliminate the bacteria walls [39].”
From Antibacterial Activity of TiO2 Nanoparticles Prepared by One-Step Laser Ablation in Liquid (2021) · cites this paper as [39]
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Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
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Antibacterial Activity of TiO2 Nanoparticles Prepared by One-Step Laser Ablation in Liquid
Khashan, K. S., Sulaiman, G. M., Abdulameer, F. A., Albukhaty, S., Ibrahem, M. A., Al-Muhimeed, T., & AlObaid, A. A. (2021) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app11104623 · Cited by 182
Nanoparticles induced neurotoxicity
Tripathy, D. B., Pradhan, S., Gupta, A., & Agarwal, P. (2025) · Nanotoxicology · doi:10.1080/17435390.2025.2488310 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Ziental, D., Czarczynska-Goslinska, B., Mlynarczyk, D. T., Glowacka-Sobotta, A., Stanisz, B., Goslinski, T., & Sobotta, L.
- Affiliations
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences (PL)
- Venue
- Nanomaterials
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-02-19
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 387-387
- ISSN
- 2079-4991 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7075317
- OpenAlex
- W3007214932
- Cited by
- 721
- References
- 124
- Citations by year
- 2026: 69 · 2025: 124 · 2024: 137 · 2023: 121 · 2022: 124 · 2021: 108 · 2020: 38
- FWCI
- 4.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Locations
- Nanomaterials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Preprints.org (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Narodowym Centrum Nauki (2016/21/B/NZ9/00783)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Keywords
- titanium dioxide nanoparticles, photodynamic therapy, photosensitizers, reactive oxygen species, photocatalysis, cancer therapy, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, antimicrobial therapy, nanoparticle composites, surface functionalization, targeted therapy, nanoparticle drug delivery
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