Ultrasonic Guided-Waves Sensors and Integrated Structural Health Monitoring Systems for Impact Detection and Localization: A Review
Open accessAbstract
This review article is focused on the analysis of the state of the art of sensors for guided 9 ultrasonic waves for the detection and localization of impacts, therefore of interest for the structural 10 health monitoring (SHM). The recent developments in sensor technologies are then reported and 11 discussed through the many references in recent scientific literature. The physical phenomena re-12 lated to impact event and the main physical quantities are then introduced to discuss their im-13 portance in the development of the hardware and software components for SHM systems. An im-14 portant aspect of the article is the description of the different ultrasonic sensor technologies cur-15 rently present in the literature and what advantages and disadvantages they could bring, in relation 16 to the various phenomena investigated. In this context, the analysis of the front-end electronics is 17 deepened, the type of data transmission both in terms of wired and wireless technology and in terms 18 of online and offline signal processing. The integration aspects of sensors for the creation of net-19 works with autonomous nodes with the possibility of powering through energy harvesting devices 20 and the embedded processing capacity is also studied. Finally, the emerging sector of processing 21 techniques using deep learning and artificial intelligence concludes the review by indicating the 22 potential for the detection and autonomous characterization of the impacts.
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Passive SHM methods can be successful for specific applications but lack accuracy, and damage might stay undetected.
“While passive methods can be successful for specific applications, they lack accuracy, and damage might stay undetected [56,57].”
From Effects of Environmental and Operational Conditions on Structural Health Monitoring and Non-Destructive Testing: A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [57]
Section 3 describes passive piezoelectric sensing as a common method for detecting impacts, supporting its use in a specific application. Sections 2.4 and 4.2 discuss sources of impact-localization error and ways to improve accuracy, but do not say passive methods generally lack accuracy. The paper distinguishes passive impact detection from active damage evaluation; it does not establish that damage might remain undetected by passive methods. (LLM, conf=0.78)
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“At the data level, there are two reviews for vibration and image data [55,85] and two for specific sensors [86,87].”
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- Authors
- Capineri, L., & Bulletti, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Florence (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Capineri, Lorenzo
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-04-07
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2929-2929
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8122321
- OpenAlex
- W3138789180
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 157
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 2.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Preprints.org (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanics of Materials › Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Structural Health Monitoring Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Structural Engineering and Materials Analysis
- Keywords
- ultrasonic guided waves, structural health monitoring, impact detection, impact localization, ultrasonic sensors, front-end electronics, wireless data transmission, sensor networks, energy harvesting, embedded signal processing, deep learning, artificial intelligence
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