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Study of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE‐MILCH PROJECT
Open accessAbstract
Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is inevitable, and growing scientific evidence indicates that even very low doses can negatively impact human health, particularly during pregnancy and the neonatal period. As part of the European project LIFE18 ENV/IT/00460, this study aims to identify the presence of EDCs in 20 infant formulas (both powdered and liquid) and the release from baby bottles and teats. Particularly, sensitization of young people and future parents towards the potential harmful effects of EDCs could significantly help to reduce exposure. Seven different UPLC-MS/MS methodologies and one ICP-AES were set-up to quantify already assessed and suspected EDCs among 85 different chemicals (bisphenols, parabens, phthalates, pesticides, herbicides, and their main metabolites, PFAS, and metals). Results showed that in 2 out of 14 baby bottles only anthracene and phenanthrene of the group of PAHs were released (10.68-10.81 ng/mL). Phthalates such as mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) were found in 9 of 14 samples (0.054–0.140 ng/mL), while mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MeOHP) appeared in 2 samples (0.870–0.930 ng/mL). In accordance with current EU regulations, other chemicals were not detected in baby bottles and teats. However, Bisphenols, Parabens, PAHs, Phthalates, PFAS and Metals were detected in infant formula, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring and public health interventions.
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PFASs and phthalates have been detected in infant formula, baby bottles, and teats.
“PFASs and phthalates have been detected in infant formula, baby bottles, and teats [22].”
From Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Healthcare: Environmental and Clinical Insights (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nuti, F., Real Fernández, F., Severi, M., Traversi, R., Fanos, V., Street, M. E., Palanza, P., Rovero, P., & Papini, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Florence (IT)
- University of Cagliari (IT)
- University of Parma (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Papini, Anna Maria
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecules
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-10-09
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 5434-5434
- ISSN
- 1420-3049 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11597460
- OpenAlex
- W4404497169
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 5
- FWCI
- 2.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Molecules (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Preprints.org (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- European Commission (LIFE18 ENV/IT/00460)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Keywords
- endocrine disruptors, infant formula, baby bottles, teat, chemical releases, phthalates, monoethyl phthalate, MEOHP, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, anthracene, phenanthrene, bisphenols, parabens, PFAS, pesticides, herbicides, metals, infant exposure
- MeSH terms
- Europe, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Phthalic Acids, Infant Formula, Endocrine Disruptors, Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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