Cited by 163International Development and AidHealthcare Systems and ReformsPublic health and occupational medicine

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Strengthening Health Systems in Poor Countries: A Code of Conduct for Nongovernmental Organizations

Open access

Pfeiffer, James, Johnson, Wendy, Fort, Meredith, Shakow, Aaron, Hagopian, Amy, Gloyd, Steve, Gimbel-Sherr, Kenneth·2008·American Journal of Public Health

DOI 10.2105/ajph.2007.125989PMC PMC2636539

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The challenges facing efforts in Africa to increase access to antiretroviral HIV treatment underscore the urgent need to strengthen national health systems across the continent. However, donor aid to developing countries continues to be disproportionately channeled to international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) rather than to ministries of health. The rapid proliferation of NGOs has provoked "brain drain" from the public sector by luring workers away with higher salaries, fragmentation of services, and increased management burdens for local authorities in many countries. Projects by NGOs sometimes can undermine the strengthening of public primary health care systems. We argue for a return to a public focus for donor aid, and for NGOs to adopt a code of conduct that establishes standards and best practices for NGO relationships with public sector health systems.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2105/ajph.2007.125989

Cites

35 of 35 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The World Health report 2006 1 : Working together for health 2
Guilbert, J.-J. (2006) · Education for Health · doi:10.1080/13576280600937911 · Cited by 2,652
Too close for comfort? the impact of official aid on nongovernmental organizations
Edwards, M., & Hulme, D. (1996) · World Development · doi:10.1016/0305-750x(96)00019-8 · Cited by 1,066
Overcoming health-systems constraints to achieve the Millennium Development Goals
Travis, P., Bennett, S., Haines, A., Pang, T., Bhutta, Z., Hyder, A. A., Pielemeier, N. R., Mills, A., & Evans, T. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16987-0 · Cited by 860
Getting to the 21st century: Voluntary action and the global agenda
Korten, D. C. (1990) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 753
The Office of the High Commissioner for Human RightsPreprint
Clapham, A. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · Cited by 600
A View from the Top: International Politics, Norms and the Worldwide Growth of NGOs
Reimann, K. D. (2006) · International Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2478.2006.00392.x · Cited by 441
World Trade Report 2004
World Trade Organization (2004) · World Trade Report · doi:10.30875/b469a751-en · Cited by 396
International NGOs and primary health care in Mozambique: the need for a new model of collaboration
Pfeiffer, J. T. (2003) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00068-0 · Cited by 340
Self-citation
The two faces of civil society: NGOs and politics in Africa
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-6550 · Cited by 253
Global disparities in health and human rights: a critical commentary.
Benatar, S. R. (1998) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.88.2.295 · Cited by 214

Show all 35 references

Research works printed but not linked: 13

Abdul-Raheem T, 2000, New Internationalist, 20
1999, Economist, 353, 20
Chege S, 1999, Afr Recovery, 13, 6
Ouedraogo A, Renewed hope: NGOs and civil society in education for all
Matthias AR, 1994, World Hosp Health Serv, 30, 10
10.1057/9780230371200 · DOI
Howell J, 2002, Lusotopie, 1, 117
Gloyd S, 1996, Hesperian Found News
Farmer P, 2006, Foreign Aff
People's Health Movement, Global Equity Gauge Alliance, Medact. The global health worker crisis. In: Global Health Watch 2005–2006 Report . London, England: Zed Press; 2005:123–124. Available at: http://www.ghwatch.org/2005_report. Accessed February 1, 2008.
Nelson P, 2000, Dev Pract, 10
2001, Code of Conduct
2001, NGO Code of Conduct

Sorted by citations

Anthropological Perspectives on Structural Adjustment and Public Health
Pfeiffer, J. T., & Chapman, R. R. (2010) · Annual Review of Anthropology · doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.012809.105101 · Cited by 301
Self-citation
Rebuilding health systems to improve health and promote statebuilding in post-conflict countries: A theoretical framework and research agenda
Kruk, M. E., Freedman, L. P., Anglin, G., & Waldman, R. J. (2009) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.042 · Cited by 255
“All I Eat Is ARVs”:
Kalofonos, I. (2010) · Medical Anthropology Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1548-1387.2010.01109.x · Cited by 218
When people come first: critical studies in global health
(2013) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.51-2707 · Cited by 178
Global Health – emergence, hegemonic trends and biomedical reductionism
Holst, J. (2020) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-020-00573-4 · Cited by 178
Migrants and emerging public health issues in a globalized world: threats, risks and challenges, an evidence-based framework
Gushulak, B. D., Weekers, J. E. M., & MacPherson, D. W. (2009) · Emerging Health Threats Journal · doi:10.3402/ehtj.v2i0.7091 · Cited by 121
Global health education in U.S. Medical schools
Khan, O. A., Guerrant, R. L., Sanders, J. H., Carpenter, C. C. J., Spottswood, M., Jones, D. S., O’Callahan, C., Brewer, T. F., Markuns, J. F., Gillam, S., et al. (2013) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/1472-6920-13-3 · Cited by 114
Brain Drain and Health Workforce Distortions in Mozambique
Sherr, K., Mussa, A., Chilundo, B., Gimbel, S., Pfeiffer, J. T., Hagopian, A., & Gloyd, S. S. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035840 · Cited by 101
Self-citation
Enhancing nursing education via academic–clinical partnership: An integrative review
Bvumbwe, T. (2016) · International Journal of Nursing Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2016.07.002 · Cited by 95
Non-Communicable Diseases in Emergencies: A Call to Action
Demaio, S., Jamieson, J., Horn, R., de Courten, M., & Tellier, S. (2013) · PLoS Currents · doi:10.1371/currents.dis.53e08b951d59ff913ab8b9bb51c4d0de · Cited by 94
Supporting and retaining Village Health Teams: an assessment of a community health worker program in two Ugandan districts
Mays, D. C., O’Neil, E., Mworozi, E. A., Lough, B. J., Tabb, Z. J., Whitlock, A. E., Mutimba, E. M., & Talib, Z. M. (2017) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-017-0619-6 · Cited by 86
Brain drain in sub-Saharan Africa: contributing factors, potential remedies and the role of academic medical centres
Kasper, J. Y., & Bajunirwe, F. (2012) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2012-301900 · Cited by 86
Models of public–private engagement for health services delivery and financing in Southern Africa: a systematic review
Whyle, E. B., & Olivier, J. (2016) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czw075 · Cited by 85
Volunteerism or Labor Exploitation? Harnessing the Volunteer Spirit to Sustain AIDS Treatment Programs in Urban Ethiopia
Maes, K. C. (2012) · Human Organization · doi:10.17730/humo.71.1.axm39467485m22w4 · Cited by 83
Taking the State (Back) Out? Statehood and the Delivery of Collective Goods
Lee, M. M., Walter‐Drop, G., & Wiesel, J. (2014) · Governance · doi:10.1111/gove.12069 · Cited by 85
Political violence, collective functioning and health: A review of the literature
Sousa, C. (2013) · Medicine Conflict & Survival · doi:10.1080/13623699.2013.813109 · Cited by 83
Food insecurity and mental health: Surprising trends among community health volunteers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during the 2008 food crisis
Maes, K. C., Hadley, C., Tesfaye, F., & Shifferaw, S. (2010) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.018 · Cited by 75
Partnerships in mental healthcare service delivery in low-resource settings: developing an innovative network in rural Nepal
Acharya, B., Maru, D., Schwarz, R. K., Citrin, D., Tenpa, J., Hirachan, S., Basnet, M., Thapa, P., Swar, S. B., Halliday, S., et al. (2017) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-016-0226-0 · Cited by 72
Rebalancing brain drain: Exploring resource reallocation to address health worker migration and promote global health
Mackey, T. K., & Liang, B. A. (2012) · Health Policy · doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2012.04.006 · Cited by 74
Health sector fragmentation: three examples from Sierra Leone
Barr, A., Garrett, L., Marten, R., & Kadandale, S. (2019) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-018-0447-5 · Cited by 69
Grafting: Balancing Control and Cultivation in Information Infrastructure Innovation
Sanner, T. A., Manda, T. D., & Nielsen, P. (2014) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1jais.00356 · Cited by 63
Migrants in a globalized world — health threats, risks and challenges: an evidence-based framework
Gushulak, B. D., Weekers, J. E. M., & MacPherson, D. W. (2008) · Emerging Health Threats Journal · doi:10.3134/ehtj.09.010 · Cited by 63
Developing a Career in Global Health: Considerations for Physicians-in-Training and Academic Mentors
Nelson, B. D., Kasper, J. Y., Hibberd, P. L., Thea, D. M., & Herlihy, J. M. (2012) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-d-11-00299.1 · Cited by 55
Competency-Based Curricula to Transform Global Health
Pfeiffer, J. T., Beschta, J., Hohl, S. D., Gloyd, S. S., Hagopian, A., & Wasserheit, J. N. (2012) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e318276bdf4 · Cited by 54
Self-citation
Human Resources for Health
Maes, K. C. (2018) · The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology · doi:10.1002/9781118924396.wbiea1830 · Cited by 53
Improving the credibility and effectiveness of non-governmental organizations
Amagoh, F. E. (2015) · Progress in Development Studies · doi:10.1177/1464993415578979 · Cited by 48
The Role of Interorganizational Partnerships in Health Services Provision Among Rural, Suburban, and Urban Local Health Departments
Beatty, K., Harris, J. K., & Barnes, P. A. (2010) · The Journal of Rural Health · doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00285.x · Cited by 46
Linkage to care of HIV positive clients in a community based HIV counselling and testing programme: A success story of non-governmental organisations in a South African district
Shamu, S., Slabbert, J. D., Guloba, G., Blom, D., Khupakonke, S., Masihleho, N., Kamera, J., Johnson, S., Farirai, T., & Nkhwashu, N. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0210826 · Cited by 44
Dedicated health systems strengthening of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria: an analysis of grants
Fan, V. Y., Tsai, F., Shroff, Z. C., Nakahara, B., Vargha, N., & Weathers, S. (2016) · International Health · doi:10.1093/inthealth/ihw055 · Cited by 43
Where are the NGOs and Why? The Distribution of Health and Development NGOs in Bolivia
Galway, L. P., Corbett, K. K., & Zeng, L. (2012) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/1744-8603-8-38 · Cited by 43
Power, potential, and pitfalls in global health academic partnerships: review and reflections on an approach in Nepal
Citrin, D., Mehanni, S., Acharya, B., Wong, L., Nirola, I., Sherchan, R., Gauchan, B., Karki, K. B., Singh, D. R., Shamasunder, S., et al. (2017) · Global Health Action · doi:10.1080/16549716.2017.1367161 · Cited by 40
Donor data vacuuming
Gimbel, S., Chilundo, B., Kenworthy, N., Inguane, C., Citrin, D., Chapman, R., Sherr, K., & Pfeiffer, J. (2018) · Medicine Anthropology Theory · doi:10.17157/mat.5.2.537 · Cited by 39
Self-citation
Health system strengthening in Myanmar during political reforms: perspectives from international agencies
Risso‐Gill, I., McKee, M., Coker, R., Piot, P., & Legido‐Quigley, H. (2013) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czt037 · Cited by 34
Healthcare under siege: Geopolitics of medical service provision in the Gaza Strip
Smith, R. J. (2015) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.10.018 · Cited by 33
Commodification of Healthcare and its Consequences
Christiansen, I. Z. (2017) · World Review of Political Economy · doi:10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.8.1.0082 · Cited by 32
Major challenges to scale up of visual inspection-based cervical cancer prevention programs: the experience of Guatemalan NGOs
Chary, A. N., & Rohloff, P. J. (2014) · Global Health Science and Practice · doi:10.9745/ghsp-d-14-00073 · Cited by 33
Professional practice models for nurses in low-income countries: an integrative review
Ng’ang’a, N., & Byrne, M. W. (2015) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-015-0095-5 · Cited by 31
The changing role of health‐oriented international organizations and nongovernmental organizations
Okma, K. G. H., Kay, A., Hockenberry, S., Liu, J., & Watkins, S. (2015) · The International Journal of Health Planning and Management · doi:10.1002/hpm.2298 · Cited by 30
Meeting human resources for health staffing goals by 2018: a quantitative analysis of policy options in Zambia
Tjoa, A., Kapihya, M., Libetwa, M., Schroder, K., Scott, C. A., Lee, J., & McCarthy, E. A. (2010) · Human Resources for Health · doi:10.1186/1478-4491-8-15 · Cited by 29
Impact and economic evaluation of a novel HIV service delivery model in rural Malawi
McBain, R. K., Petersen, E. M., Tophof, N., Dunbar, E. L., Kalanga, N., Nazimera, L., Mganga, A., Dullie, L., Mukherjee, J. S., & Wroe, E. B. (2017) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000001578 · Cited by 29
Analyzing efforts to synergize the global health agenda of universal health coverage, health security and health promotion: a case-study from Ethiopia
Tadesse, A. W., Gurmu, K. K., Kebede, S. T., & Habtemariam, M. K. (2021) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-021-00702-7 · Cited by 29
Health inequalities in post-conflict settings: A systematic review
Bwirire, D., Crutzen, R., Namegabe, E. N., Letschert, R. M., & de Vries, N. K. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0265038 · Cited by 28
Medical Humanitarianism: Anthropologists Speak Out on Policy and Practice
Abramowitz, S. A., Marten, M. G., & Panter‐Brick, C. (2014) · Medical Anthropology Quarterly · doi:10.1111/maq.12139 · Cited by 27
Why do health workers in rural Tanzania prefer public sector employment?
Songstad, N. G., Moland, K. M., Massay, D. A., & Blystad, A. (2012) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-12-92 · Cited by 27
Volunteer home-based HIV/AIDS care and food crisis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: sustainability in the face of chronic food insecurity
Maes, K. C., Shifferaw, S., Hadley, C., & Tesfaye, F. (2010) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czq017 · Cited by 26
Catholic and Non-Catholic NGOs Fighting HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Ferrari, L. L. (2011) · International Relations · doi:10.1177/0047117810397001 · Cited by 25
Incentives and barriers to implementing national hospital standards in Uganda
Bateganya, M. H., Hagopian, A., Tavrow, P., Luboga, S. A., & Barnhart, S. (2009) · International Journal for Quality in Health Care · doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzp044 · Cited by 25
Self-citation
HIV scale-up in Mozambique: Exceptionalism, normalisation and global health
Høg, E. (2014) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2014.881522 · Cited by 25
Surgical Care and Health Systems
Spiegel, D. A., Misra, M., Bendix, P. G., Hagander, L. E., Bickler, S. W., Saleh, C., Monono, M. E., Baah‐Odoom, D., Caldwell, A. M., Irons, B., et al. (2015) · World Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00268-014-2928-x · Cited by 24
Payday, ponchos, and promotions: a qualitative analysis of perspectives from non-governmental organization programme managers on community health worker motivation and incentives
B-Lajoie, M.-R., Hulme, J., & Johnson, K. (2014) · Human Resources for Health · doi:10.1186/1478-4491-12-66 · Cited by 22
NGOs, partnerships, and public-private discontent in Nepal’s health care sector
Mahat, A., Citrin, D., & Bista, H. (2018) · Medicine Anthropology Theory · doi:10.17157/mat.5.2.529 · Cited by 22
District Health Officer Perceptions of PEPFAR’s Influence on the Health System in Uganda, 2005-2011
Lohman, N., Hagopian, A., Luboga, S. A., Stover, B. D., Lim, T. W., Makumbi, F. E., Kiwanuka, N., Lubega, F., Ndizihiwe, A., Mukooyo, E., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Health Policy and Management · doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2016.98 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
The trouble with inequalities in global health partnerships
Fourie, C. (2018) · Medicine Anthropology Theory · doi:10.17157/mat.5.2.525 · Cited by 20
Improved Domestic Funding Enhances the Sustainability of HIV/AIDS Response in Nigeria
Olakunde, B. O., & Ndukwe, C. D. (2016) · Annals of Global Health · doi:10.1016/j.aogh.2015.10.005 · Cited by 20
Compliance with Intermittent Presumptive Treatment and Insecticide Treated Nets Use During Pregnancy in Enugu State, Nigeria
Onyeneho, N. G., Idemili-Aronu, N., Okoye, I., Ugwu, C., & Iremeka, F. U. (2013) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-013-1347-1 · Cited by 19
Hospital side hustles: Funding conundrums and perverse incentives in Tanzania's publicly-funded health sector
Marten, M. G., & Sullivan, N. (2019) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112662 · Cited by 19
Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Primary Healthcare Services Worldwide: A Scoping Review
Ghasemi, M., Rarani, M. A., Zadeh, N. S., & Karimi, S. (2022) · Health Scope · doi:10.5812/jhealthscope-129176 · Cited by 18
What Is Global Engineering Education For?: The Making Of International Educators
Downey, G. L. (2020) · ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition · doi:10.18260/1-2--16433 · Cited by 18
Promoting Relational Agent for Health Behavior Change in Low and Middle - Income Countries (LMICs): Issues and Approaches
Kabir, M. F., Schulman, D. J., & Abdullah, A. S. M. (2019) · Journal of Medical Systems · doi:10.1007/s10916-019-1360-z · Cited by 17
Erosion of trust in humanitarian agencies: what strategies might help?
Jayasinghe, S. (2011) · Global Health Action · doi:10.3402/gha.v4i0.8973 · Cited by 16
International migration of health labour: monitoring the two-way flow of physicians in South Africa
Tankwanchi, A. B. S., Hagopian, A., & Vermund, S. H. (2019) · BMJ Global Health · doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001566 · Cited by 17
Self-citation
A bioethical framework for health systems activity: a conceptual exploration applying ‘systems thinking’
Krubiner, C., & Hyder, A. A. (2014) · Health Systems · doi:10.1057/hs.2014.1 · Cited by 16
How Community Trust Was Gained by an NGO in Malawi, Central Africa, to Mitigate the Impact of HIV/AIDS
MacIntyre, L. M., Waters, C. M., Rankin, S. H., Schell, E. S., Laviwa, J., & Luhanga, M. R. (2013) · Journal of Transcultural Nursing · doi:10.1177/1043659613482002 · Cited by 15
The convergence of American and Nigerian religious conservatism in a biopolitical shaping of Nigeria's HIV/AIDS prevention programmes
Jappah, J. V. (2013) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2013.765023 · Cited by 13
Omics-based molecular techniques in oral pathology centred cancer: prospect and challenges in Africa
Adeola, H. A., Soyele, O. O., Adefuye, A. O., Jimoh, S. A., & Butali, A. (2017) · Cancer Cell International · doi:10.1186/s12935-017-0432-8 · Cited by 15
The end of AIDS and the NGO Code of Conduct
Pfeiffer, J. T., Robinson, J., Hagopian, A., Johnson, W., Fort, M. P., Gimbel-Sherr, K. H., Rowden, R., Friedman, E., Davis, P., Adedokun, L., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61259-9 · Cited by 15
Self-citation
Strategies to strengthen non-governmental organizations' participation in the Iranian health system
Sanadgol, A., Doshmangir, L., Majdzadeh, R., & Gordeev, V. S. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.929614 · Cited by 14
Providing Hemodialysis in Unstable Areas: An Assessment and Framework for Effective Care
Alasfar, S., Alashavi, H., Nasan, K. H., Mousa, A. A. H., Polinori, C., Luyckx, V. A., Sekkarie, M. A., Kaysi, S., Murad, L. B., & Burnham, G. M. (2023) · Kidney International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2023.12.006 · Cited by 14
Linkages between public and non-government sectors in healthcare: A case study from Uttar Pradesh, India
Srivastava, A., Bhattacharyya, S., Gautham, M., Schellenberg, J., & Avan, B. I. (2016) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2016.1144777 · Cited by 14
Trends in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition indicators during five years of piloting and scaling-up of Ananya interventions in Bihar, India
Abdalla, S. I. A., Weng, Y., Mehta, K. M., Mahapatra, T., Srikantiah, S., Shah, H., Ward, V. C., Pepper, K. T., Bentley, J., Carmichael, S. L., et al. (2020) · Journal of Global Health · doi:10.7189/jogh.10.0201003 · Cited by 13
The chronology of the international response to Ebola in Western Africa: lights and shadows in a frame of conflicting position and figures
Ippolito, G., Di, A., & Capobianchi, M. R. (2015) · Infectious Disease Reports · doi:10.4081/idr.2015.5957 · Cited by 13
Mistreated: The Political Consequences of the Fight against AIDS in Lesotho
Kenworthy, N. (2017) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 13
Improving and maintaining quality of hemodialysis in areas affected by war: a call to action!
Alasfar, S., Alashavi, H., Nasan, K. H., Mousa, A. A. H., Alkhatib, I., Kazancıoğlu, R., Sekkarie, M. A. K., Kaysi, S., Daher, M., Murad, L. B., et al. (2023) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2023.02.004 · Cited by 12
Community lost: the state, civil society, and displaced survivors of Hurricane Katrina
(2012) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.50-1169 · Cited by 12
What is Global Engineering Education For? The Making of International Educators, Part I & II
Downey, G. L., & Beddoes, K. (2010) · Synthesis lectures on global engineering · doi:10.2200/s00302ed1v01y201010ges001 · Cited by 11
Addressing refractive error visual impairment: volunteer organisations' alignment with Vision 2020 and public health principles
Pearce, M., & Pearce, N. (2012) · Clinical and Experimental Optometry · doi:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2012.00710.x · Cited by 11
Dreaming partnership, enabling inequality: administrative infrastructure in global health science
Crane, J. T. (2020) · Africa · doi:10.1017/s0001972019001001 · Cited by 10
Financial interventions and movement restrictions for managing the movement of health workers between public and private organizations in low- and middle-income countries
Rutebemberwa, E., Kinengyere, A. A., Ssengooba, F., Pariyo, G. W., & Kiwanuka, S. N. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009845.pub2 · Cited by 10
Establishing Sustainable Cardiothoracic Surgery Programs in Underserved Countries
Cardarelli, M. G., Molloy, F., Novick, W. M., & Fenton, K. N. (2018) · The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1668598 · Cited by 10
‘Making the most of our situation’: a qualitative study reporting health providers’ perspectives on the challenges of implementing the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in Lagos, Nigeria
Kram, N., Yesufu, V. O., Lott, B. E., Palmer, K. N. B., Balogun, M. R., & Ehiri, J. E. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046263 · Cited by 13
Calling non-governmental organisations to strengthen primary health care: Lessons following Alma-Ata
Landes, M., Pfaff, C., Zerihun, M., Wondimagegn, D., Sodhi, S. K., Rouleau, K. D., & Kidd, M. R. (2019) · African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine · doi:10.4102/phcfm.v11i1.1945 · Cited by 10
Healthcare services for low-wage migrant workers: A systematic review
Rast, E., Lau, K. M., Lin, R. C.-Y., Loganathan, T., Hargreaves, S., & Zimmerman, C. (2025) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118176 · Cited by 9
Exploring supervision for volunteer community health workers in Mukono District, Uganda: An exploratory mixed-methods study
O’Donovan, J., Namanda, A. S., & Hamala, R. (2021) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2021.1969671 · Cited by 8
Children’s access to dental care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-country survey
Elkhodary, H., Sabbagh, H. J., Meligy, O. E., Talaat, I. M., Abdellatif, E. B., Mostafa, M. H., Khader, Y. S., Al-Batayneh, O. B., Alhabli, S., Al‐Khanati, N. M., et al. (2022) · Children s Health Care · doi:10.1080/02739615.2022.2114478 · Cited by 8
‘Saving our people’: health workers, medical citizenship, and vernacular sovereignties in West Papua
Munro, J. (2020) · Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute · doi:10.1111/1467-9655.13318 · Cited by 8
Equity and balance in applied dementia research: A charter of conduct and checklist for global collaborations
Leroi, I., Karanja, W., Adrion, E., Alladi, S., Custodio, N., Goswami, S. P., Guerchet, M., Gubner, J. M., Ibáñez, A. M., Ilinca, S., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.5762 · Cited by 7
Increasing health system synergies in low-income settings: Lessons learned from a qualitative case study of Rwanda
Rudasingwa, M., Jahn, A., Uwitonze, A.-M., & Hennig, L. (2022) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2022.2129726 · Cited by 7
Working Together in a Complex Environment: Collaborative Behaviors and Social Capital
Tsasis, P., Cooke-Lauder, J., & Evans, J. M. (2015) · International Journal of Public Administration · doi:10.1080/01900692.2014.949749 · Cited by 7
Political Violence, War and Medical Anthropology
Rylko‐Bauer, B., & Singer, M. C. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444395303.ch11 · Cited by 7
The Impact of NGO-Provided Aid on Government Capacity: Evidence from Uganda
Deserranno, E., Nansamba, A., & Qian, N. (2024) · Journal of the European Economic Association · doi:10.1093/jeea/jvae029 · Cited by 6
School Health Services and Millennium Development Goals
Oseji, M., & Okolo, A. (2011) · International journal of collaborative research on internal medicine & public health · Cited by 6
Political and Governance Challenges to Achieving Global HIV Goals with Injecting Drug Users: The Case of Pakistan
Khalid, H., & FOX, A. M. (2019) · International Journal of Health Policy and Management · doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2018.131 · Cited by 6
Health non-governmental organizations (NGOs) amidst civil unrest: Lessons learned from Nicaragua
Hartmann, C., Hartmann, J. M. K., Lopez, A., & Flores, P. N. (2020) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2020.1789193 · Cited by 6
Nongovernmental organizations supporting the HIV service delivery response in Africa – an engine for innovation
Sikazwe, I. T., Bolton‐Moore, C., & Herce, M. E. (2022) · Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS · doi:10.1097/coh.0000000000000774 · Cited by 6
Global Health Equity and Advocacy: The roles of international Non-Governmental Organizations
Lurie, S. G. (2012) · Health Culture and Society · doi:10.5195/hcs.2012.41 · Cited by 6
Reflections from a Seminar Series Supporting Ukrainian Social Workers in Time of War: Professional Solidarity and Human Rights
Гусак, Н., Martin, J. R., & Sousa, C. (2024) · Journal of Human Rights and Social Work · doi:10.1007/s41134-024-00317-z · Cited by 10
Strategic, Value‐Based Delivery in Global Health Care: Innovations at Harvard University and Brigham and Women's Hospital
Weintraub, R., Talbot, J. R., Ole-Moiyoi, K., Wachter, K. J., Sullivan, E. E., House, A., Baron, J., Beals, A., Beauvais, S., & Rhatigan, J. J. (2011) · Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.1002/msj.20264 · Cited by 5
Global telehealth and digital health
Ramnath, V. R. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15980-0.00009-0 · Cited by 4
‘Most importantly, I hope God keeps illness away from us’: The context and challenges surrounding access to health care for Syrian refugees in Lebanon
Sousa, C., Akesson, B., & Badawi, D. (2020) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2020.1775865 · Cited by 4
Trends in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition indicators during five years of piloting and scaling-up of Ananya interventions in Bihar, India.
Abdalla, S. I. A., Weng, Y., Mehta, K. M., Mahapatra, T., Srikantiah, S., Shah, H., Ward, V. C., Pepper, K. T., Bentley, J., Carmichael, S. L., et al. (2020) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.7189/jogh.10.021003 · Cited by 4

Authors: Pfeiffer, J., Johnson, W., Fort, M., Shakow, A., Hagopian, A., Gloyd, S., & Gimbel-Sherr, K.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
ORCID: Pfeiffer, James
Fort, Meredith
Shakow, Aaron
Hagopian, Amy
Venue: American Journal of Public Health
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Published: 2008-12
Volume: 98
Issue: 12
Pages: 2134-2140
ISSN: 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
1541-0048
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2007.125989
PMC: PMC2636539
OpenAlex: W2127281163
Cited by: 163
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 28.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P30AI027757)
Topics: Social Sciences › Development › International Development and Aid
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Healthcare Systems and Reforms
Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Public health and occupational medicine
Keywords: non-governmental organizations, codes of conduct, health system strengthening, brain drain, primary care, Africa
MeSH terms: Africa, Delivery of Health Care, Developing Countries, Emigration and Immigration, Humans, International Agencies, International Cooperation, Organizations, Poverty, Global Health, HIV Infections, Public Health Practice, Guidelines as Topic, Anti-HIV Agents, Benchmarking, Codes of Ethics, Public-Private Sector Partnerships

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Strengthening Health Systems in Poor Countries: A Code of Conduct for Nongovernmental Organizations

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks