Preterm Birth in the United States: The Impact of Stressful Life Events Prior to Conception and Maternal Age
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Objectives. We determined whether and to what extent a woman’s exposure to stressful life events prior to conception (PSLEs) was associated with preterm birth and whether maternal age modified this relationship. Methods. We examined 9350 mothers and infants participating in the first wave of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort, a nationally representative sample of US women and children born in 2001, to investigate the impact of PSLEs on preterm birth in the United States. We estimated the effect of exposure on preterm birth with weighted logistic regression, adjusting for maternal sociodemographic and health factors and stress during pregnancy. Results. Of the women examined, 10.9% had a preterm birth. In adjusted analyses, women aged 15 to 19 years who experienced any PSLE had over a 4-fold increased risk for having a preterm birth. This association differed on the basis of the timing of the PSLE. Conclusions. Findings suggest that adolescence may be a sensitive period for the risk of preterm birth among adolescents exposed to PSLEs. Clinical, programmatic, and policy interventions should address upstream PSLEs, especially for adolescents, to reduce the prevalence of preterm birth and improve maternal and child health.
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In a study of 9350 U.S. mother-infant pairs, a stressful event reported prior to conception was associated with a 4-fold increased risk for preterm birth.
“In a study of 9350 U.S. mother–infant pairs, a stressful event reported prior to conception was associated with a 4-fold increased risk for preterm birth [73].”
From Stress and the HPA Axis: Balancing Homeostasis and Fertility. (2017) · cites this paper as [73]
The Methods report 9350 mother–child pairs, and the Abstract Results report an over 4-fold increased risk of preterm birth after a preconception stressful life event. But that estimate applies specifically to women aged 15–19, not to the full sample as the citing sentence implies. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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- Authors
- Witt, W. P., Cheng, E. R., Wisk, L. E., Litzelman, K., Chatterjee, D., Mandell, K., & Wakeel, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- S73-S80
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- PMC
- PMC3975455
- OpenAlex
- W1992986576
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 8.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Health Resources and Services Administration
- U.S. Public Health Service (R40MC23625)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD049302)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- preterm birth, life events, maternal age, adolescent pregnancy, adolescent mothers, maternal stress, maternal and child health
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Longitudinal Studies, Maternal Age, Pregnancy, Stress, Psychological, United States, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Premature Birth, Young Adult
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