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Cited by 494Smoking Behavior and CessationGlobal Public Health Policies and EpidemiologySubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

Why and How the Tobacco Industry Sells Cigarettes to Young Adults: Evidence From Industry Documents

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Ling, Pamela M., Glantz, Stanton A.·2002·American Journal of Public Health
DOI 10.2105/ajph.92.6.908PMC PMC1447481
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Abstract

Objectives. To improve tobacco control campaigns, we analyzed tobacco industry strategies that encourage young adults (aged 18 to 24) to smoke. Methods. Initial searches of tobacco industry documents with keywords (e.g., “young adult”) were extended by using names, locations, and dates. Results. Approximately 200 relevant documents were found. Transitions from experimentation to addiction, with adult levels of cigarette consumption, may take years. Tobacco marketing solidifies addiction among young adults. Cigarette advertisements encourage regular smoking and increased consumption by integrating smoking into activities and places where young adults' lives change (e.g., leaving home, college, jobs, the military, bars). Conclusions. Tobacco control efforts should include both adults and youths. Life changes are also opportunities to stop occasional smokers' progress to addiction. Clean air policies in workplaces, the military, bars, colleges, and homes can combat tobacco marketing. (Am J Public Health. 2002;92:908–916)

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  • The tobacco industry has consistently used its resources and political connections to deny the health dangers of tobacco use and to undermine tobacco control policies nationally, regionally, and globally.

    “The tobacco industry has consistently used its resources and political connections to deny the health dangers of tobacco use and to undermine tobacco control policies nationally (Ong and Glantz 2001; Ling and Glantz 2002), regionally (Neuman, Bitton et al. 2002), and globally (World Health Organisation Committee of Experts on Tobacco Industry Documents 2000).”

    From Civil society and the negotiation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (2009) · cites this paper as Ling and Glantz 2002

    The Discussion (page not provided) says the industry opposed smoke-free bars to preserve them as promotional venues, supporting the claim that it worked against a tobacco-control policy. It does not establish the nationally attributed claims that the industry used political connections or denied tobacco's health dangers. The regional and global portions are attributed to other citations, not this paper. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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  • This claim was reiterated in a March, 2000 BAT press release about the FCTC.

    “This claim was reiterated in a March, 2000 BAT press release about the FCTC23.”

    From Civil society and the negotiation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (2009) · cites this paper as [23]

    The retrieved passages from the paper’s References section concern tobacco-industry documents and tobacco-control studies, but none identifies a March 2000 BAT press release or says what it claimed about the FCTC. Searches for “FCTC,” “press release,” and the full description found no passage addressing the cited assertion. (LLM, conf=0.75)

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Authors
Ling, P. M., & Glantz, S. A.
Affiliations
University of California, San Francisco (US)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Public Health
Publisher
American Public Health Association
Published
2002-06
Volume
92
Issue
6
Pages
908-916
ISSN
  • 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
  • 1541-0048
DOI
10.2105/ajph.92.6.908
PMC
PMC1447481
OpenAlex
W2126483194
Cited by
494
References
0
Citations by year
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FWCI
11.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • AGE-WELL
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH-19105, T32MH019105)
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA087472, CA 87472)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
tobacco industry marketing, young adults, cigarette advertising, smoking initiation, tobacco dependence, tobacco control, life transitions, bars, occasional smokers
MeSH terms
Smoking Prevention, Adolescent, Adult, Advertising, Health Promotion, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Leisure Activities, Deception, Mass Media, Persuasive Communication, Smoking, United States, Public Health Practice, Behavior, Addictive, Tobacco Industry

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