The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evidence-Based Public Health: Moving Beyond Randomized Trials
Open accessAbstract
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are essential for evaluating the efficacy of clinical interventions, where the causal chain between the agent and the outcome is relatively short and simple and where results may be safely extrapolated to other settings. However, causal chains in public health interventions are complex, making RCT results subject to effect modification in different populations. Both the internal and external validity of RCT findings can be greatly enhanced by observational studies using adequacy or plausibility designs. For evaluating large-scale interventions, studies with plausibility designs are often the only feasible option and may provide valid evidence of impact. There is an urgent need to develop evaluation standards and protocols for use in circumstances where RCTs are not appropriate.
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“For example, in several fields such as public health, RCTs are not always appropriate nor sufficient to address complex and multifaceted problems [3].”
From Convergent and sequential synthesis designs: implications for conducting and reporting systematic reviews of qualitative and quantitative evidence (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
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Interrupted time series regression for the evaluation of public health interventions: a tutorial
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Des Jarlais, D. C., Lyles, C., Crepaz, N., & the TREND Group (2004) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.94.3.361 · Cited by 2,817
How can we achieve and maintain high-quality performance of health workers in low-resource settings?
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Victora, C. G., Habicht, J.-P., & Bryce, J.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (BR)
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 400-405
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- PMC
- PMC1448265
- OpenAlex
- W1984963575
- Cited by
- 1,056
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 65 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 62 · 2012: 42
- FWCI
- 49.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Social Sciences › Public Administration › Evaluation and Performance Assessment
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Keywords
- evidence-based public health, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, causal inference, effect modification, generalizability, internal validity, large-scale interventions, evaluation standards, public health intervention evaluation
- MeSH terms
- Decision Making, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Epidemiologic Research Design, Public Health Practice, Causality, Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Evidence-Based Medicine
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