The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Somali and Oromo Refugees: Correlates of Torture and Trauma History
Open accessAbstract
Objectives. This cross-sectional, community-based, epidemiological study characterized Somali and Ethiopian (Oromo) refugees in Minnesota to determine torture prevalence and associated problems. Methods. A comprehensive questionnaire was developed, then administered by trained ethnic interviewers to a nonprobability sample of 1134. Measures assessed torture techniques; traumatic events; and social, physical, and psychological problems, including posttraumatic stress symptoms. Results. Torture prevalence ranged from 25% to 69% by ethnicity and gender, higher than usually reported. Unexpectedly, women were tortured as often as men. Torture survivors had more health problems, including posttraumatic stress. Conclusions. This study highlights the need to recognize torture in African refugees, especially women, identify indicators of posttraumatic stress in torture survivors, and provide additional resources to care for tortured refugees.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Back-translation for cross-cultural research.
Brislin, R. W. (1970) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910457000100301 · Cited by 14,091
Psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist (PCL)
Blanchard, E. B., Jones-Alexander, J., Buckley, T. C., & Forneris, C. A. (1996) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(96)00033-2 · Cited by 3,997
Hall, E. T. (1959) · Cited by 3,462
Robins, L. N. (1988) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800360017003 · Cited by 2,909
SCAN: Schedules fonr Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry
Wing, J. K. (1990) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810180089012 · Cited by 2,517
Targeted Sampling: Options for the Study of Hidden Populations
Watters, J. K., & Biernacki, P. (1989) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.1989.36.4.03a00070 · Cited by 1,516
Lifetime Events and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in 4 Postconflict Settings
de Jong, J. T. V. M. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.5.555 · Cited by 802
The psychosocial impact of war trauma and torture on Southeast Asian refugees
(1987) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.144.12.1567 · Cited by 466
Mollica, R. F. (1993) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1993.03510050047025 · Cited by 447
Steel, Z., Silove, D., Bird, K., McGorry, P., & Mohan, P. (1999) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1023/a:1024710902534 · Cited by 373
Cited by
Miller, K. E., & Rasmussen, A. (2010) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.029 · Cited by 1,524
Long-term mental health of war-refugees: a systematic literature review
Bogic, M., Njoku, A., & Priebe, S. (2015) · BMC International Health and Human Rights · doi:10.1186/s12914-015-0064-9 · Cited by 1,166
Mental Health of Cambodian Refugees 2 Decades After Resettlement in the United States
Marshall, G. N. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.294.5.571 · Cited by 667
Hollifield, M., Verbillis-Kolp, S., Farmer, B., Toolson, E. C., Woldehaimanot, T., Yamazaki, J., Holland, A., St. Clair, J., & SooHoo, J. (2013) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.002 · Cited by 290
Trauma and coping in Somali and Oromo refugee youth
HALCON, L., ROBERTSON, C., SAVIK, K., JOHNSON, D., SPRING, M., BUTCHER, J., WESTERMEYER, J., & JARANSON, J. (2004) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(03)00328-8 · Cited by 199
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Jaranson, J. M., Butcher, J., Halcon, L., Johnson, D. R., Robertson, C., Savik, K., Spring, M., & Westermeyer, J.
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 2004-04
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 591-598
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- OpenAlex
- W2114049685
- Cited by
- 263
- References
- 56
- FWCI
- 9.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Somali and Oromo Refugees: Correlates of Torture and Trauma History. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2105/ajph.94.4.591
- The paper
- Jaranson, J. M., Butcher, J., Halcon, L., Johnson, D. R., Robertson, C., Savik, K., Spring, M., & Westermeyer, J. (2004). Somali and Oromo Refugees: Correlates of Torture and Trauma History. American Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.94.4.591
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
