The DOI matches its Crossref record; 141 of the 142 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Energy Crops and Their Implications on Soil and Environment
Abstract
Interest in producing cellulosic ethanol from renewable energy sources is growing. Potential energy crops include row crops such as corn (Zea mays L.), perennial warm‐season grasses (WSGs), and short‐rotation woody crops (SRWCs). However, impacts of growing dedicated energy crops as biofuel on soil and environment have not been well documented. This article reviews the (i) impacts of growing WSGs and SRWCs on soil properties, soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, and water quality, and (ii) performance of energy crops in marginal lands. Literature shows that excessive (≥50%) crop residue removal adversely impacts soil and environmental quality as well as crop yields. Growing WSGs and SRWCs can be potential alternatives to crop residue removal as biofuel. Warm‐season grasses and SRWCs can improve soil properties, reduce soil erosion, and sequester SOC. Crop residue removal reduces SOC concentration by 1 to 3 Mg ha−1 yr−1 in the top 10 cm, whereas growing WSGs and SRWCs increase SOC concentration while providing biofuel feedstocks. The WSGs can store SOC between 0 and 3 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 in the top 5 cm of soil, while the SRWCs can store between 0 and 1.6 Mg ha−1 yr−1 of SOC in the top 100 cm. The WSGs and SRWCs have more beneficial effects on soil and environment when grown in marginal lands than when grown in croplands or natural forests. Indeed, they can grow in nutrient‐depleted, compacted, poorly drained, acid, and eroded soils. Development of sustainable systems of WSGs and SRWCs in marginal lands is a high priority.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Increasing SOC, below the microbially active surface horizon acts to enhance the role of soil as a repository for organic matter as mineralization and loss of C decreases with increasing depth (Grigal & Berguson, 1998;Blanco-Canqui, 2010).”
From Field-scale soil property changes under switchgrass managed for bioenergy (2011) · cites this paper as Blanco-Canqui, 2010
Citations
Cites
Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in soils
TISDALL, J. M., & OADES, J. M. (1982) · Journal of Soil Science · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1982.tb01755.x · Cited by 6,267
The Path Forward for Biofuels and Biomaterials
Ragauskas, A. J., Williams, C. K., Davison, B. H., Britovsek, G., Cairney, J., Eckert, C. A., Frederick, W. J., Hallett, J. P., Leak, D. J., Liotta, C. L., et al. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1114736 · Cited by 5,741
Stabilization wedges: solving the climate problem for the next 50 years with current technologies
Pacala, S., & Socolow, R. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1100103 · Cited by 3,114
Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration Rates by Tillage and Crop Rotation: A Global Data Analysis
West, T. O., & Post, W. M. (2002) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2002.1930 · Cited by 2,215
Carbon-Negative Biofuels from Low-Input High-Diversity Grassland Biomass
Tilman, D., Hill, J., & Lehman, C. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1133306 · Cited by 1,813
A Modeling Approach to Determining the Relationship Between Erosion and Soil Productivity
Williams, J. R., Jones, C., & Dyke, P. T. (1984) · Transactions of the ASAE · doi:10.13031/2013.32748 · Cited by 1,145
The Potential of U.S. Cropland to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect
Kimble, J. M., Lal, R., & Follett, R. F. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,064
Organic Matter Influence on Clay Wettability and Soil Aggregate Stability
Chenu, C., Bissonnais, Y. L., & Arrouays, D. (2000) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2000.6441479x · Cited by 834
Crop Residue Removal Impacts on Soil Productivity and Environmental Quality
Blanco‐Canqui, H., & Lal, R. (2009) · Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences · doi:10.1080/07352680902776507 · Cited by 738
Self-citationThe global potential of bioenergy on abandoned agriculture lands
Campbell, J. E., Lobell, D. B., Genova, R. C., & Field, C. B. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es800052w · Cited by 709
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Cunningham M., 2004, The ecology of short rotation coppice crops
- Jung G.A., 1986, Warm‐season grasses, 19
- Lal R., 1998, The potential of U.S
- 10.2134/agronj2004.1000a · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 306
Dipesh, K. C., Blazier, M. A., Pelkki, M. H., & Liechty, H. O. (2016) · New Forests · doi:10.1007/s11056-016-9558-0 · Cited by 7
The development of a new crop growth model SwitchFor for yield mapping of switchgrass
Liu, Y., Hastings, A., Chen, S., & Faaij, A. P. C. (2022) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12998 · Cited by 7
Sustainable Bioenergy Feedstock Production Systems
Johnson, J. M. F., & Novak, J. M. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386897-8.00008-5 · Cited by 7
Maize and Prairie Root Contributions to Soil CO2 Emissions in the Field
Nichols, V., Miguez, F. E., Sauer, T. J., & Dietzel, R. N. (2016) · Crop Science · doi:10.2135/cropsci2016.01.0048 · Cited by 7
Sainju, U. M., Singh, H. P. N. R. S., Singh, B., Chiluwal, A., & Paudel, R. (2018) · Agrosystems Geosciences & Environment · doi:10.2134/age2018.03.0004 · Cited by 7
Evaluation of biomass quality of selected woody species depending on the soil enrichment practice
Stolarski, M. J., Krzyżaniak, M., Załuski, D., & Niksa, D. (2018) · International Agrophysics · doi:10.1515/intag-2016-0097 · Cited by 7
Karkee, M., McNaull, R. P., Birrell, S. J., & Steward, B. L. (2012) · Transactions of the ASABE · doi:10.13031/2013.41259 · Cited by 7
Energy Issues Affecting Corn/Soybean Systems: Challenges for Sustainable Production
CAST (2012) · doi:10.62300/6vb9t3qw · Cited by 7
Biomedical Applications of Lignin Derived from Bio‐Waste Materials
George, N., Adlakha, A., Mridula, Gupta, P., & Debroy, A. (2024) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119865452.ch13 · Cited by 8
Cover Crops for Enriching Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Under Bioenergy Sorghum
Sainju, U. M., Singh, H. P. N. R. S., & Singh, B. (2016) · Progress in soil science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-43394-3_16 · Cited by 6
Anwar, U., Moore, L. A. S., Helmers, M. J., & Kolka, R. K. (2017) · BioEnergy Research · doi:10.1007/s12155-017-9843-6 · Cited by 7
Stefanovska, T., Skwiercz, A. T., Pidlisnyuk, V. V., Жуков, О. В., & Shapoval, P. Y. (2023) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy13061620 · Cited by 6
Hamada, Y., Zumpf, C. R., Quinn, J. J., & Negri, M. C. (2023) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en16217397 · Cited by 7
Lope, L. F. G., Huerta, A., Sabino, E., Bourrel, L., Frappart, F., & Lavado-Casimiro, W. S. (2023) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs15225432 · Cited by 6
The effects of organic waste materials on Miscanthus × giganteus yield and Zn and Ni content
Malinowska, E., & Kania, P. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-67413-y · Cited by 8
Nepal, S., Contreras, M. A., Stainback, G. A., & Lhotka, J. M. (2015) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f6114168 · Cited by 6
A wind tunnel study of sand-cemented bodies on wind erosion intensity and sand transport
Zhou, J., Lei, J., Li, S., Wang, H., Sun, N., & Ma, X. (2016) · Natural Hazards · doi:10.1007/s11069-016-2177-4 · Cited by 6
Appropriate “marginal” farmlands for second‐generation biofuel crops in North Carolina
Crozier, C. R., Carvalho, H. D. R., Johnson, A. M., Chinn, M. S., & Heitman, J. L. (2021) · Agricultural & Environmental Letters · doi:10.1002/ael2.20041 · Cited by 6
Multiyear productivity and nitrate‐nitrogen loss from corn and prairie bioenergy cropping systems
Liebman, M., & Helmers, M. J. (2024) · Agronomy Journal · doi:10.1002/agj2.21713 · Cited by 5
Perennial Forage Grass Production on the Marginal Arabian Peninsula Land
Hussain, M. I., Akhtar, N., Qureshi, A. S., & Gallacher, D. J. (2021) · Sustainable agriculture reviews · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73245-5_8 · Cited by 5
Dugan, I., Pereira, P. A. D. S., Defterdarović, J., Filipović, L., Filipović, V., & Bogunović, I. (2023) · Land · doi:10.3390/land12091691 · Cited by 5
Manyowa, N. M., James, R., Kathrine, D., Pawlowski, M. N., & Susan, E. I. (2014) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/57177 · Cited by 5
Effect of long term cropping hybrid sorrel (Rumex patientia x Rumex tianshanicus) on soil biota
Hědenec, P., Novotný, D., Usťak, S., Honzík, R., Váňa, V., Petříková, V., & Frouz, J. (2015) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.04.016 · Cited by 5
Lachapelle, A., Yavari, S., Pitre, F. E., Courchesne, F., & Brisson, J. (2020) · International Journal of Phytoremediation · doi:10.1080/15226514.2020.1847034 · Cited by 5
Malinowska, E., & Wiśniewska-Kadżajan, B. (2023) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en16155599 · Cited by 5
Regional Considerations for Targeted Use of Biochar in Agriculture and Remediation in Australia
Macdonald, L. M., Kookana, R. S., ZWIETEN, L. V., Singh, B. P., Singh, B., & Farrell, M. (2015) · SSSA special publication series · doi:10.2136/sssaspecpub63.2014.0052 · Cited by 5
Targets and tools for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass quality of miscanthus
van der Weijde, R. T. (2016) · doi:10.18174/384361 · Cited by 5
Sanderson, M. A., & Liebig, M. A. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119436669.ch13 · Cited by 5
Soil carbon dynamics in perennial biomass crops on marginally productive cropland in southern Canada
Osei, A. K., Thevathasan, N. V., & Oelbermann, M. (2024) · Geoderma Regional · doi:10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00866 · Cited by 6
Larson, A. A. D., RENZ, M. J., & Stoltenberg, D. E. (2015) · Weed Science · doi:10.1614/ws-d-14-00160.1 · Cited by 4
Environmental risks and opportunities of biofuels
Cowie, A., Cowie, A., Soimakallio, S., & Brandão, M. (2016) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781782544555.00009 · Cited by 4
Ameen, A., Han, L., & Xie, H. (2019) · Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis · doi:10.1080/00103624.2019.1594883 · Cited by 4
Mishra, S. K., Chaudhary, L. B., Jain, M. K., Kumar, V., & Behera, S. K. (2019) · Environmental Monitoring and Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10661-019-7689-4 · Cited by 4
Biofuel Crops and Soil Quality and Erosion
Chatskikh, D., Овчинникова, А. М., Seshadri, B., & Bolan, N. S. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118635797.ch8 · Cited by 5
Environmental Sustainability of Cellulosic Energy Cropping Systems
Lowrance, R., & Davis, A. S. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118676332.ch16 · Cited by 3
Angmo, P., Sharma, S., Sidhu, H. S., & Saini, K. S. (2024) · Current Research in Microbial Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100273 · Cited by 3
Simon‐Miquel, G., Kirkegaard, J. A., & Reckling, M. (2025) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2025.109866 · Cited by 3
Grazing and cover crop effects on soil health during transition to organic production
Cardoso, A. D. S., Liebig, M. A., Hendrickson, J., Kronberg, S. L., Clemensen, A. K., Archer, D. W., Nieman, C. C., Kohmann, M. M., & Franco, J. G. (2025) · Agrosystems Geosciences & Environment · doi:10.1002/agg2.70213 · Cited by 3
Dunca, E.-C., Ioniţă, M.-F., Varga, L. A., Radu, S. M., Ionel, I., Halmaciu, I. A., Istrate, I. A., Cocârță, D. M., Botoran, O. R., & Irimie, S. I. (2025) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su17219380 · Cited by 3
A Hydrological Analysis of Switchgrass Land Cover in East Tennessee
Hayes, J. A. (2014) · Cited by 3
Koch, T., Aartsma, P., Deumlich, D., Chifflard, P., & Panten, K. (2024) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy14092097 · Cited by 3
Modelling the effects of stover harvest on soil organic carbon in the Pampas of Argentina
Álvarez, R., & Paepe, J. L. D. (2019) · Soil Research · doi:10.1071/sr18262 · Cited by 4
Stover harvest and tillage effects on corn seedling emergence
Agomoh, I. V., Drury, C. F., Reynolds, W. D., Woodley, A. L., Yang, X., Phillips, L. A., & Rehmann, L. (2021) · Agronomy Journal · doi:10.1002/agj2.20738 · Cited by 3
Muwamba, A., Amatya, D. M., Ssegane, H., Chescheir, G. M., Appelboom, T. W., Nettles, J. E., Tollner, E. W., Youssef, M. A., Wałęga, A., & Birgand, F. P. (2020) · Water Air & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/s11270-020-04808-3 · Cited by 3
Daigh, A. L. M. (2013) · Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) · Cited by 3
Biomass Availability and Sustainability for Biofuels
Loqué, D., Eudes, A., & Yang, F. (2011) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781849732857-00005 · Cited by 3
Liebig, M. A., Wang, G.-J., Aberle, E., Eriksmoen, E. D., Nyren, P. E., Staricka, J. A., & Nichols, K. A. (2016) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.12.013 · Cited by 3
The Role of Bioenergy in Mitigating Climate Change
Ussiri, D. A. N., & Lal, R. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53845-7_12 · Cited by 3
Kloster, D. P., & Volk, T. A. (2022) · BioEnergy Research · doi:10.1007/s12155-022-10477-3 · Cited by 3
Genetic Variation and Expected per Cycle Biomass Yield Gain in Lowland Switchgrass
Dalid, C. O., Saxton, A. M., Allen, F. L., Pantalone, V. R., Nayak, S., & Bhandari, H. S. (2018) · Crop Science · doi:10.2135/cropsci2018.01.0026 · Cited by 3
Mooney, D. F., Barham, B. L., & Lian, C. (2013) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.22004/ag.econ.150510 · Cited by 3
THE ROLE OF THE PHYTOMICROBIOME IN MAINTAINING BIOFUEL CROP PRODUCTION IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
Ilangumaran, G., Lamont, J. R., & Smith, D. L. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119276050.ch1 · Cited by 3
Essays concerning the cellulosic biofuel industry
Rosburg, A. (2012) · doi:10.31274/etd-180810-1226 · Cited by 3
Sharma, B., Frene, J. P., Acosta‐Martínez, V., Li, X., & Ghimire, R. (2025) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2025.110098 · Cited by 2
Karkee, M., McNaull, R. P., Birrell, S. J., & Steward, B. L. (2010) · 2010 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20 - June 23, 2010 · doi:10.13031/2013.30033 · Cited by 2
Participative dendromass bioenergy modeling in regional dialogs with the open-source BEAST system
Thiele, J. C. (2018) · Journal of Agricultural Informatics · doi:10.17700/jai.2018.9.3.476 · Cited by 2
Saini, P., de Koff, J. P., Link, R., & Robbins, C. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13137176 · Cited by 2
Management Strategies for Maximizing Root Systems
Fageria, N. K. (2012) · doi:10.1201/b12365-12 · Cited by 2
Lai, L., Yılmaz, T., Kumar, S., Fennell, A. Y., & González-Hernández, J. L. (2022) · Soil Research · doi:10.1071/sr21112 · Cited by 2
Sustainability of Corn Stover Harvest for BiomassPreprint
Sesmero, J., & Sesmero, J. P. (2011) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.22004/ag.econ.103765 · Cited by 2
The influence of propagation method and stand age on Miscanthus x giganteus performance in Iowa, USA
Boersma, N. N. (2013) · doi:10.31274/etd-180810-3307 · Cited by 2
Short‐rotation Woody Crop Biomass Production for Bioenergy
Kiser, L. C., & Fox, T. R. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118635797.ch6 · Cited by 2
Dolginow, J. (2013) · MOspace Institutional Repository (University of Missouri) · Cited by 2
Osei, A. K., Thevathasan, N. V., & Oelbermann, M. (2025) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.70025 · Cited by 2
Cram, A. C., Espiritu, J. F., Taboada, H., Valles-Rosales, D. J., Park, Y., Delgado, E., & Su, J. (2022) · Clean Technologies and Recycling · doi:10.3934/ctr.2022006 · Cited by 1
Banerjee, D., Kakumanu, K. R., & Dubey, S. K. (2025) · Water science and technology library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-76532-2_7 · Cited by 1
Osei, A. K., Gabbanelli, N., & Oelbermann, M. (2026) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109309 · Cited by 1
Biofuel Development from Cellulosic Sources
O’Keefe, K., Springer, C. J., Grennell, J., & Davis, S. C. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7612-2_9-1 · Cited by 1
Molatudi, R. L., Steinberger, Y., Meng, F. Y., & Xie, G. H. (2016) · Journal of Soil and Water Conservation · doi:10.2489/jswc.71.4.335 · Cited by 1
Germination and Growth of Panicum virgatum Cultivars in a NaCl Gradient
Carson, M. A., Bachle, S., & Morris, A. N. (2016) · Tasks for vegetation science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27093-7_16 · Cited by 1
Greenhouse Gas Emissions following Conversion of a Reclaimed Minesoil to Bioenergy Crop Production
Guzman, J. G., Ussiri, D. A. N., & Lal, R. (2017) · Land Degradation and Development · doi:10.1002/ldr.2808 · Cited by 1
Management Strategies for Maximizing Root Systems
Fageria, N. K. (2012) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b12365-10 · Cited by 1
The Influence of Switchgrass Establishment on Soil Organic Matter Pools in an Agricultural Landscape
Pryatel, M. J. (2015) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) · Cited by 1
Doll, C. A. (2017) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r31r6nd9m · Cited by 1
Growing crops for biofuel and forage while conserving soil and water
Evers, B. (2012) · K-State Research Exchange (Kansas State University)
Sustainable Production of Grain Crops for Biofuels
Jaradat, A. A. (2013) · doi:10.1002/9781118635797.ch2
Biodiversity and ecosystem function and the design of tallgrass restorations for biomass production
Graham, D. R. J. (2015) · UNI ScholarWorks (University of Northern Iowa)
A Bright Future for the Heartland Powering the Midwest Economy with Clean Energy
Martínez, C. G., Deyette, J., Sattler, S., & McKibbin, A. (2011)
Screening switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) for water stress tolerance
Fahej, M. A. S. (2012) · SHAREOK (University of Oklahoma; Oklahoma State University; Central Oklahoma University)
Using Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Performance of Bio-Based Materials
Weiss, M., Haufe, J., Hermann, B. G., Brandão, M., Patel, M. K., & Carus, M. (2011) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b16003-11
Environmental Indicators of Biofuel Sustainability: What About
Bielicki, J. M., Humphrey, H. H., Smith, R. L., & Shaw, D. M. (2013)
Potential of bioenergy cropping systems for soil and water quality improvement
Ondoua, R. N., Kendall, K., & Deen, B. (2017) · Crops & Soils · doi:10.2134/cs2017.50.0311
Empirical Evidence of Soil Carbon Changes in Bioenergy Cropping Systems
Schmer, M. R., Stewart, C. E., & Jin, V. L. (2017) · Geophysical monograph · doi:10.1002/9781119297376.ch7
Simon, L., Szabó, B., Vincze, G. E., Szabó, M., & Koncz, J. (2018) · Agrokémia és Talajtan · doi:10.1556/0088.2018.67.1.8
Feix, I. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119438069.ch8
Microbial properties of soil fertilized by sewage sludge and cultivated with energy crops
Górska, E., Stępień, W., Olejniczak, I., Pietkiewicz, S., Kalaji, H. M., & Kowalczyk, P. (2016) · Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae · doi:10.21697/seb.2016.14.3.07
Characterization of Tree Crops Biomass from Marginal Lands as Feedstock for Solid BiofuelsPreprint
Kamperidou, V., Terzopoulou, P., & Barboutis, I. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-167490/v1
Ciria, C. S. (2020) · UPM Digital Archive (Technical University of Madrid) · doi:10.20868/upm.thesis.65872
Biofuel Development from Cellulosic Sources
O’Keefe, K., Springer, C. J., Grennell, J., & Davis, S. C. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7501-9_9
Singh, N., Chellappa, J., Lai, L., Kumar, S., Hong, C. O., & Owens, V. N. (2023) · The Journal of Agricultural Science · doi:10.1017/s0021859623000369
Estimating the ex ante adoption determinants of novel cropping systems with nonpecuniary benefits
Mooney, D. F., & Barham, B. L. (2023) · Journal of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association · doi:10.1002/jaa2.93
Land as a resource for biomass production
Dželetović, Ž. (2023) · Edicija Održivi razvoj i upravljanje prirodnim resursima Republike Srpske. · doi:10.7251/eoru2306105dz
Varikuti, V., Chakraborty, P., Xu, S., Mahal, N. K., & Kumar, S. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Soil Science · doi:10.1139/cjss-2023-0081
Osei, A. K., Gabbanelli, N., & Oelbermann, M. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5328479/v1
Metadata
- Authors
- Blanco‐Canqui, H.
- Affiliations
- Kansas State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Blanco‐Canqui, Humberto
- Venue
- Agronomy Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 403-419
- ISSN
- 0002-1962 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-0645
- OpenAlex
- W1969747525
- Semantic Scholar
- 235eb8bef520281a4136762357d57ff4cec03348
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 142
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 59.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Agronomy Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Bioenergy crop production and management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Keywords
- energy crops, cellulosic ethanol, biofuels, warm-season grasses, short rotation woody crops, soil organic carbon sequestration, soil erosion, crop residue removal, water quality, marginal land, maize, soil properties
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review