The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Unfree Flow with No Trust: The Implications of Geoeconomics and Geopolitics for Data and Digital Trade
Open accessAbstract
The recognition that the modern economy is increasingly driven by data and on-line commerce has led to a number of initiatives to establish a global data governance regime that promises “data free flow with trust” or DFFT, and an associated open e-commerce regime. Since then, notwithstanding progress in formulating proposals to build the trust that is the key to enabling free flow, international frictions have pushed in the opposite direction and today’s reality is closer to unfree flow with no trust than it is to DFFT. The issues go beyond the technical and legal frameworks required to build trust at the level of private participants in the digital economy – the household/consumer and corporations. They extend to the geoeconomics and geopolitics of the knowledge-based and data-driven economy that emerge from the contest for the rising economic rents that this economy generates and the parallel contest for leadership/dominance of the new general purpose and dual-use technologies built on the nexus of big data/machine learning/artificial intelligence. This note discusses how data and digital trade policies are shaped by the new geoeconomics and geopolitics and how these are in fact endogenous to the technological conditions of the age.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“При этом в стране насчитывается более 4,04 млн базовых станций *5G* и 966 млн абонентов мобильной связи *5G*23.”
From China’s Digital Silk Road initiative: directions and prospects of development, advantages and risks for Russia (2025) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“По данным на август 2024 г., доля базовых станций *5G* в общем количестве базовых станций мобильной связи в Китае составляет 32,1 %.”
From China’s Digital Silk Road initiative: directions and prospects of development, advantages and risks for Russia (2025) · cites this paper as [23]
Citations
Cites
Data colonialism: rethinking big data’s relation to the contemporary subject
Couldry, N., & Mejias, U. A. (2019) · Television & New Media · doi:10.1177/1527476418796632 · Cited by 1,617
Research works printed but not linked: 62
- Susan Aaronson, 2021, Actions to make 'data free flow with trust' operational in practice, G20 Insights
- Shinjo Abe, 2019, Toward a New Era of "Hope-Driven Economy, Keynote Speech at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting
- Najam Ahmad, 2020, Building a transformative subsea cable to better connect Africa, Facebook Engineering, 13 May
- William J Baumol, 1967, Macroeconomics of Unbalanced Growth: The Anatomy of Urban Crisis, The American Economic Review, 57, 415
- William J Baumol, 1985, Unbalanced Growth Revisited: Asymptotic Stagnancy and New Evidence, The American Economic Review, 75, 806
- Lane Burdette, 2021, Leveraging Submarine Cables for Political Gain: U.S. Responses to Chinese Strategy, Journal of Public & International Affairs
- Lee A Bygrave, 2020, The 'Strasbourg Effect' on data protection in light of the 'Brussels Effect': Logic, mechanics and prospects, Computer Law and Security Review, 40
- Marc Caputo, 2019, NATO is not a protection racket': Biden test-drives new Trump attack, Politico
- Oliver Carroll, 2019, US cyber attack: Did America really try to override the Russian power grid?" The Independent
- Francesca Casalini, 2021, Mapping Commonalities in Regulatory Approaches to Cross-Border Data Transfers, OECD Trade Policy Paper No. 248
- Lurong Chen, 2019, The Digital Economy for Economic Development: Free Flow of Data and Supporting Policies, Task Force 8: Trade, Investment and Globalization, T20 Japan, 4
- Dan Ciuriak, 2021, International Politics -Special Issue (forthcoming)
- Dan Ciuriak, 2021, Cybersecurity, National Security and Trade in the Digital Era
- Dan Ciuriak, 2021, Dark Matter in the Knowledge Universe: A Comment on its Distribution and the Role of Market Power in Information Space, Ciuriak Consulting Discussion Paper
- Dan Ciuriak, 2021, Into the Post-Pandemic: On the New World Orders and their Would-Be Architects
- Dan Ciuriak, 2021, The Challenge of Updating Institutions for Digital Trade
- Dan Ciuriak, 2021, Opinion, Centre for International Governance Innovation
- Dan Ciuriak, 2021, Trading AI: Economic Interests, Societal Choices and Multilateral Rules, Artificial Intelligence and International Economic Law: Disruption, Regulation, and Reconfiguration
- Dan Ciuriak, 2019, Notes for Remarks at the Guarini Law and Tech Centre conference on Global Data Law
- Dan Ciuriak, 2019, World Trade Organization 2.0: Reforming Multilateral Trade Rules for the Digital Age, Centre for International Governance Innovation, 152
- Ciuriak Dan, 2018, The Economics of Data: Implications for the Data-Driven Economy
- Dan Ciuriak, 2012, An earlier version was accepted for presentation under the title "Untangling the Tangled Web: Trade Remedies, Insurance Policies and 'Grey Area' Measures, 14 th Annual European Trade Study Group (ETSG) Conference, 13
- Nigel Cory, 2021, How Barriers to Cross-Border Data Flows Are Spreading Globally, What They Cost, and How to Address Them
- Nigel Cory, 2019, Information Technology and Innovation Council
- John M Curtis, 2002, The Role of Contextual Factors in the Launching of Trade Rounds, Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, 33
- Elaine Dezenski, 2021, Rebuilding America's economy and foreign policy with 'ally-shoring
- Mackenzie Eaglen, 2012, US Military Technological Supremacy Under Threat, American Enterprise Institute
- Florian J Egloff, 2019, Contested public attributions of cyber incidents and the role of academia, Contemporary Security Policy
- 2019, 76 partners launch WTO talks on e-commerce, Press Release
- Robert Fay, 2021, The Digital Economy Partnership: Should Canada Join?" Centre for International Governance Innovation. Forthcoming. Also available on SSRN
- Edward Fishman, 2019, G20 makes declaration of 'Data Free Flow With Trust': Support and dissent, Foreign Affairs, 3 August, 160, 18
- Mifrah Haq, 2020, China builds Digital Silk Road in Pakistan to Africa and Europe
- J Heath, 2020, The New National Security Challenge to the Economic Order, The Yale Law Journal, 129, 1021
- J Heath, 2020, Trade and Security Among the Ruins, Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, 30, 223
- 2019, Joint Ministerial Statement on the launch of Digital Economy Partnership Agreement negotiations, 17 May
- Nicholas Kaldor, 1961, Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth, 177
- Kevin Kelly, 2014, The Three Breakthroughs That Have Finally Unleashed AI on the World, Wired, 27 October
- Robert Keohane, 2000, The Club Model of Multilateral Cooperation and the WTO: Problems of Democratic Legitimacy, Equity and Legitimacy: The Multilateral Trading System at the Millennium
- Paul R Krugman, 2014, Why We're in a New Gilded Age, The New York Review
- Filippo Lancieri, 2019, Digital protectionism? Antitrust, Data Protection, and the EU/US Transatlantic Rift, Journal of Antitrust Enforcement, 7, 27, 10.1093/jaenfo/jny012 · DOI
- Tom Leins, 2021, Out of this World: The International Satellite Broadband Battle Intensifies, TeleGeography
- Mitsuo Matsushita, 1990, The Structural Impediments Initiative: An Example of Bilateral Trade Negotiation, Michigan Journal of International Law, 12, 436
- Charles Michel, 2020, Speech by European Council President Charles Michel to the Bruegel think tank
- Joseph S Nye, 2016, Deterrence and Dissuasion in Cyberspace, International Security, 41, 44
- 2021, Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project: Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising From the Digitalisation of the Economy
- International community strikes a ground-breaking tax deal for the digital age
- Richard Perkins, 2012, Does the 'California effect' operate across borders? Trading-and investing-up in automobile emission standards, Journal of European Public Policy, 19, 217, 10.1080/13501763.2011.609725 · DOI
- Marianne Schneider-Petsinger, 2016, Geoeconomics explained
- Simon David, 2020, The Long Arm of American Enforcement: How Companies Without U.S. Operations Can Still Find Themselves Facing U.S. Law and Regulatory Enforcement, Foley and Lardner LLP
- Karen Sutter, 2021, China's 14th Five-Year Plan: A First Look, Congressional Research Service
- The Economist, 2019, The trouble with America's extraterritorial campaign against business, The Economist
- Toru Tsunashima, 2020, China rises as world's data superpower as internet fractures
- Remarks of Ambassador Katherine Tai on Digital Trade at the Georgetown University Law Center Virtual Conference
- 2018, Responses of the United States of America to Questions From the Panel and Russia to Third Parties
- David Vogel, 1995, Trading Up: Consumer and Environmental regulation in a global economy
- Data Free Flow with Trust (DFFT): Paths toward Free and Trusted Data Flow, World Economic Forum
- White House, 2021, Interim National Security Strategic Guidance, Washington DC: The White House
- White House, 2021, Background Press Call by Senior Administration Officials on a U.S.-EU Agreement on Steel and Aluminum Tariffs
- White House, 2017, National Security Strategy of the United States of America
- Patrick Wintour, 2020, Boris Johnson to visit India in January in bid to transform G7
- Wto, 2019, Panel Report, Russia-Measures Concerning Traffic in Transit
- Raymond Zhong, 2021, Celtics Games Are Pulled in China After Enes Kanter's Pro-Tibet Posts, The New York Times, 21 October
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sidorenko, E. L. (2025) · Russian Journal of Economics and Law · doi:10.21202/2782-2923.2025.1.57-79 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Ciuriak, D.
- Affiliations
- Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Ciuriak, Dan
- ORCID
- Ciuriak, Dan
- Venue
- SSRN Electronic Journal
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021
- ISSN
- 1556-5068 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3215355462
- Cited by
- 3
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- SSRN Electronic Journal (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Law › Digitalization, Law, and Regulation
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › COVID-19, Geopolitics, Technology, Migration
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Global Political and Economic Relations
- Keywords
- data governance, digital trade, geoeconomics, geopolitics, e-commerce, data trust, artificial intelligence, machine learning, big data, general purpose technologies, economic rent, digital economy, trade policy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review