CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 198Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryRNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Liposome delivery systems for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Open access
Ross, Callum, Taylor, Mark, Fullwood, Nigel, Allsop, David·2018·International Journal of Nanomedicine
DOI 10.2147/ijn.s183117PMC PMC6296687
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) will affect around 115 million people worldwide by the year 2050. It is associated with the accumulation of misfolded and aggregated proteins (β-amyloid and tau) in the senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles found in the brain. Currently available drugs for AD only temporarily alleviate symptoms and do not slow the inevitable progression of this disease. New drugs are required that act on key pathologies in order to arrest or reverse cognitive decline. However, there has been a spectacular failure rate in clinical trials of conventional small molecule drugs or biological agents. Targeted nanoliposomes represent a viable and promising drug delivery system for AD that have not yet reached clinical trials. They are biocompatible, highly flexible, and have the potential to carry many different types of therapeutic molecules across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and into brain cells. They can be tailored to extend blood circulation time and can be directed against individual or multiple pathological targets. Modifications so far have included the use of brain-penetrating peptides, together with Aβ-targeting ligands, such as phosphatidic acid, curcumin, and a retro-inverted peptide that inhibits Aβ aggregation. Combining several modifications together into multifunctional liposomes is currently a research area of great interest. This review focuses on recent liposomal approaches to AD therapy, including mechanisms involved in facilitating their passage across the BBB, and the evaluation of new therapeutic agents for blocking Aβ and/or tau aggregation.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2147/ijn.s183117

Cites

11 of 11 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Nanotechnology can be used to improve the bioavailability of PUFA in the form of nanoliposomes.

    “Furthermore, nanotechnology can be used to improve the bioavailability of PUFA in the form of NL [34,37].”

    From Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment Strategies and Their Limitations. (2022) · cites this paper as [37]

    The Stealth liposomes section (page unavailable) says modified liposomes can improve circulation time, supporting the general delivery-system premise. The copy does not say that nanoliposomes improve the bioavailability of PUFAs specifically; searches for PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and fatty-acid bioavailability found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.79)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Soft nanoparticles, such as liposomes and exosomes, are nanovesicles able to deliver drugs and genes across the BBB.

    “Soft nanoparticles, such as liposomes and exosomes, are nanovesicles that are able to deliver drugs and genes across the BBB (Figure 3) [33,37].”

    From Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment Strategies and Their Limitations. (2022) · cites this paper as [37]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) describes liposomes as drug-delivery vehicles with the potential to carry therapeutic molecules across the BBB, while noting that effective BBB delivery requires targeted modifications. The cited paper does not establish the corresponding claim for exosomes or specifically for gene delivery across the BBB. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 107

  1. [2]Prince M Ali G-C Guerchet M Prina AM Albanese E Wu Y-T Recent global trends in the prevalence and incidence of dementia, and survival with dementia Alzheimers Res Ther 2016 8 1 13 27473681 PMC4967299
  2. [3]Krstic D Knuesel I Deciphering the mechanism underlying late-onset Alzheimer disease Nat Rev Neurol 2013 9 1 25 34 23183882
  3. [4]Karran E de Strooper B The amyloid cascade hypothesis: are we poised for success or failure? J Neurochem 2016 139 Suppl 2 237 252 27255958
  4. [5]Murphy MP Levine H Alzheimer’s disease and the amyloid-β peptide J Alzheimers Dis 2010 19 1 311 323 20061647 PMC2813509
  5. [7]Lipton SA Gu Z Nakamura T Inflammatory mediators leading to protein misfolding and uncompetitive/fast off-rate drug therapy for neurodegenerative disorders Int Rev Neurobiol 2007 82 1 27 17678953
  6. [8]Moreira PI Siedlak SL Aliev G Oxidative stress mechanisms and potential therapeutics in Alzheimer disease J Neural Transm 2005 112 7 921 932 15583960
  7. [9]Oddo S Laferla FM The role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in Alzheimer’s disease J Physiol Paris 2006 99 2–3 172 179 16448808
  8. [10]Hansen RA Gartlehner G Webb AP Morgan LC Moore CG Jonas DE Efficacy and safety of donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis Clin Interv Aging 2008 3 2 211 225 18686744 PMC2546466
  9. [12]Brown D Superti-Furga G Rediscovering the sweet spot in drug discovery Drug Discov Today 2003 8 23 1067 1077 14693466
  10. [15]Gregori M Masserini M Mancini S Nanomedicine for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease Nanomedicine 2015 10 7 1203 1218 25929574
  11. [17]Lai F Fadda AM Sinico C Liposomes for brain delivery Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013 10 7 1003 1022 23373728
  12. [18]Vieira DB Gamarra LF Getting into the brain: liposome-based strategies for effective drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier Int J Nanomedicine 2016 11 5381 5414 27799765 PMC5077137
  13. [19]Noble GT Stefanick JF Ashley JD Kiziltepe T Bilgicer B Ligand-targeted liposome design: challenges and fundamental considerations Trends Biotechnol 2014 32 1 32 45 24210498
  14. [20]Bhowmik A Khan R Ghosh MK Blood brain barrier: a challenge for effectual therapy of brain tumors Biomed Res Int 2015 2015 1 20 PMC4383356 25866775
  15. [21]Sánchez-Navarro M Giralt E Teixidó M Blood-brain barrier peptide shuttles Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017 38 134 140 28558293
  16. [22]Abbott NJ Patabendige AA Dolman DE Yusof SR Begley DJ Structure and function of the blood-brain barrier Neurobiol Dis 2010 37 1 13 25 19664713
  17. [23]Chen Y Liu L Modern methods for delivery of drugs across the blood-brain barrier Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012 64 7 640 665 22154620
  18. [25]Agrawal M Ajazuddin Tripathi DK Recent advancements in liposomes targeting strategies to cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease J Control Release 2017 260 61 77 28549949
  19. [26]Li W Zhou Y Zhao N Hao B Wang X Kong P Pharmacokinetic behavior and efficiency of acetylcholinesterase inhibition in rat brain after intranasal administration of galanthamine hydrobromide loaded flexible liposomes Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2012 34 2 272 279 22613079
  20. [27]Zheng X Shao X Zhang C Intranasal H102 peptide-loaded liposomes for brain delivery to treat Alzheimer’s disease Pharm Res 2015 32 12 3837 3849 26113236
  21. [28]Illum L Nasal drug delivery – recent developments and future prospects J Control Release 2012 161 2 254 263 22300620
  22. [29]Gao H Progress and perspectives on targeting nanoparticles for brain drug delivery Acta Pharm Sin B 2016 6 4 268 286 27471668 PMC4951594
  23. [30]Patching SG Glucose transporters at the blood-brain barrier: Function, regulation and gateways for drug delivery Mol Neurobiol 2017 54 2 1046 1077 26801191
  24. [31]Arumugam K Subramanian GS Mallayasamy SR Averineni RK Reddy MS Udupa N A study of rivastigmine liposomes for delivery into the brain through intranasal route Acta Pharm 2008 58 3 287 297 19103565
  25. [32]Mutlu NB Değim Z Yilmaz Ş Eşsiz D Nacar A New perspective for the treatment of Alzheimer diseases: liposomal rivastigmine formulations Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011 37 7 775 789 21231901
  26. [33]Confaloni A Tosto G Tata AM Promising therapies for Alzheimer’s disease Curr Pharm Des 2016 22 14 2050 2056 26876218
  27. [34]Spuch C Navarro C Liposomes for targeted delivery of active agents against neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease) J Drug Deliv 2011 469679 PMC3238398 22203906
  28. [35]Joshi S Singh-Moon RP Ellis JA Cerebral hypoperfusion-assisted intra-arterial deposition of liposomes in normal and glioma-bearing rats Neurosurgery 2015 76 1 92 100 25525695 PMC4273869
  29. [36]Abra RM Hunt CA Liposome disposition in vivo. III. Dose and vesicle-size effects Biochim Biophys Acta 1981 666 3 493 503 7034780
  30. [38]Fanciullino R Ciccolini J Liposome-encapsulated anticancer drugs: still waiting for the magic bullet? Curr Med Chem 2009 16 33 4361 4373 19835568
  31. [39]Allen TM Liposomes. Opportunities in drug delivery Drugs 1997 54 Suppl 4 8 14 9361956
  32. [40]Briuglia ML Rotella C McFarlane A Lamprou DA Influence of cholesterol on liposome stability and on in vitro drug release Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015 5 3 231 242 25787731
  33. [41]Alarcón JM Brito JA Hermosilla T Atwater I Mears D Rojas E Ion channel formation by Alzheimer’s disease amyloid β-peptide (Aβ40) in unilamellar liposomes is determined by anionic phospholipids Peptides 2006 27 1 95 104 16139931
  34. [42]Kuo YC Lin CY Li JS Lou YI Wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated liposomes incorporated with cardiolipin to improve neuronal survival in Alzheimer’s disease treatment Int J Nanomedicine 2017 12 1757 1774 28280340 PMC5340244
  35. [43]Palchetti S Colapicchioni V Digiacomo L The protein corona of circulating PEGylated liposomes Biochim Biophys Acta 2016 1858 2 189 196 26607013
  36. [44]Veronese FM Mero A The impact of PEGylation on biological therapies BioDrugs 2008 22 5 315 329 18778113
  37. [45]Ballatori N Krance SM Marchan R Hammond CL Plasma membrane glutathione transporters and their roles in cell physiology and pathophysiology Mol Aspects Med 2009 30 1–2 13 28 18786560 PMC2716123
  38. [46]Gaillard PJ Appeldoorn CC Dorland R Pharmacokinetics, brain delivery, and efficacy in brain tumor-bearing mice of glutathione pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (2B3-101) PLoS One 2014 9 1 10 PMC3885379 24416140
  39. [47]Rotman M Welling MM Bunschoten A Enhanced glutathione PEGylated liposomal brain delivery of an anti-amyloid single domain antibody fragment in a mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease J Control Release 2015 203 40 50 25668771
  40. [48]Zhang CX Zhao WY Liu L A nanostructure of functional targeting epirubicin liposomes dually modified with aminophenyl glucose and cyclic pentapeptide used for brain glioblastoma treatment Oncotarget 2015 6 32 32681 32700 26418720 PMC4741722
  41. [49]Xie F Yao N Qin Y Investigation of glucose-modified liposomes using polyethylene glycols with different chain lengths as the linkers for brain targeting Int J Nanomedicine 2012 7 163 175 22275832 PMC3263409
  42. [50]Li H Qian ZM Transferrin/transferrin receptor-mediated drug delivery Med Res Rev 2002 22 3 225 250 11933019
  43. [51]Fishman JB Rubin JB Handrahan JV Connor JR Fine RE Receptor-mediated transcytosis of transferrin across the blood-brain barrier J Neurosci Res 1987 18 2 299 304 3694713
  44. [52]Gao JQ Lv Q Li LM Glioma targeting and blood-brain barrier penetration by dual-targeting doxorubincin liposomes Biomaterials 2013 34 22 5628 5639 23628475
  45. [53]Chen ZL Huang M Wang XR Transferrin-modified liposome promotes α-mangostin to penetrate the blood-brain barrier Nanomedicine 2016 12 2 421 430 26711963
  46. [54]Chen YC Chiang CF Chen LF Liang PC Hsieh WY Lin WL Polymersomes conjugated with des-octanoyl ghrelin and folate as a BBB-penetrating cancer cell-targeting delivery system Biomaterials 2014 35 13 4066 4081 24513319
  47. [55]Papadia K Markoutsa E Mourtas S Multifunctional LUV liposomes decorated for BBB and amyloid targeting. A. In vitro proof-of-concept Eur J Pharm Sci 2017 101 140 148 28193538
  48. [56]Song XL Liu S Jiang Y Targeting vincristine plus tetrandrine liposomes modified with DSPE-PEG2000-transferrin in treatment of brain glioma Eur J Pharm Sci 2017 96 129 140 27644895
  49. [57]Chen H Tang L Qin Y Lactoferrin-modified procationic liposomes as a novel drug carrier for brain delivery Eur J Pharm Sci 2010 40 2 94 102 20298779
  50. [58]Kawamata T Tooyama I Yamada T Walker DG McGeer PL Lactotransferrin immunocytochemistry in Alzheimer and normal human brain Am J Pathol 1993 142 5 1574 1585 8494052 PMC1886898
  51. [59]Zhong Z-R Liu J Deng Y Preparation and characterization of a novel nonviral gene transfer system: procationic-liposome-protamine-DNA complexes Drug Deliv 2007 14 3 177 183 17454038
  52. [60]Mahley RW Apolipoprotein E: cholesterol transport protein with expanding role in cell biology Science 1988 240 4852 622 630 3283935
  53. [61]Gobbi M Re F Canovi M Lipid-based nanoparticles with high binding affinity for amyloid-β1-42 peptide Biomaterials 2010 31 25 6519 6529 20553982
  54. [62]Re F Cambianica I Sesana S Functionalization with ApoE- derived peptides enhances the interaction with brain capillary endothelial cells of nanoliposomes binding amyloid-β peptide J Biotechnol 2011 156 4 341 346 21763360
  55. [63]Lane-Donovan C Wong WM Durakoglugil MS Genetic restoration of plasma ApoE improves cognition and partially restores synaptic defects in ApoE-deficient mice J Neurosci 2016 36 39 10141 10150 27683909 PMC5039258
  56. [64]Lindgren M Hällbrink M Prochiantz A Langel U Cell-penetrating peptides Trends Pharmacol Sci 2000 21 3 99 103 10689363
  57. [65]Gregori M Taylor M Salvati E Retro-inverso peptide inhibitor nanoparticles as potent inhibitors of aggregation of the Alzheimer’s Aβ peptide Nanomedicine 2017 13 2 723 732 27769888
  58. [66]Vivès E Richard JP Rispal C Lebleu B TAT peptide internalization: seeking the mechanism of entry Curr Protein Pept Sci 2003 4 2 125 132 12678851
  59. [67]Parthsarathy V McClean PL Hölscher C A novel retro-inverso peptide inhibitor reduces amyloid deposition, oxidation and inflammation and stimulates neurogenesis in the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease PLoS One 2013 8 9 11 PMC3561363 23382963
  60. [68]Kamei N Tanaka M Choi H Effect of an enhanced nose-to-brain delivery of insulin on mild and progressive memory loss in the senescence-accelerated mouse Mol Pharm 2017 14 3 916 927 28094952
  61. [71]Balducci C Mancini S Minniti S Multifunctional liposomes reduce brain β-amyloid burden and ameliorate memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models J Neurosci 2014 34 42 14022 14031 25319699 PMC4198543
  62. [72]Bana L Minniti S Salvati E Liposomes bi-functionalized with phosphatidic acid and an ApoE-derived peptide affect Aβ aggregation features and cross the blood-brain-barrier: implications for therapy of Alzheimer disease Nanomedicine 2014 10 7 1583 1590 24333591
  63. [73]Matsuoka Y Saito M Lafrancois J Novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease by peripheral administration of agents with an affinity to β-amyloid J Neurosci 2003 23 1 29 33 12514198 PMC6742136
  64. [74]Mancini S Minniti S Gregori M The hunt for brain Aβ oligomers by peripherally circulating multi-functional nanoparticles: Potential therapeutic approach for Alzheimer disease Nanomedicine 2016 12 1 43 52 26410276
  65. [75]Friedlich AL Butcher LL Involvement of free oxygen radicals in β- amyloidosis: an hypothesis Neurobiol Aging 1994 15 4 443 455 7969721
  66. [76]Tabner BJ El-Agnaf OM Turnbull S Hydrogen peroxide is generated during the very early stages of aggregation of the amyloid peptides implicated in Alzheimer disease and familial British dementia J Biol Chem 2005 280 43 35789 35792 16141213
  67. [77]Behl C Davis JB Lesley R Schubert D Hydrogen peroxide mediates amyloid β protein toxicity Cell 1994 77 6 817 827 8004671
  68. [78]Sano M Ernesto C Thomas RG A controlled trial of selegiline, α-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer’s disease N Engl J Med Overseas Ed 1997 336 17 1216 1222 9110909
  69. [79]Lim GP Chu T Yang F Beech W Frautschy SA Cole GM The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse J Neurosci 2001 21 21 8370 8377 11606625 PMC6762797
  70. [80]Yanagisawa D Amatsubo T Morikawa S In vivo detection of amyloid β deposition using 19F magnetic resonance imaging with a 19F-containing curcumin derivative in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease Neuroscience 2011 184 120 127 21497641
  71. [81]Lee I Yang J Lee JH Choe YS Synthesis and evaluation of 1-(4-[18F]fluoroethyl)-7-(4′-methyl)curcumin with improved brain permeability for β-amyloid plaque imaging Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011 21 19 5765 5769 21885280
  72. [82]Yanagisawa D Ibrahim NF Taguchi H Curcumin derivative with the substitution at C-4 position, but not curcumin, is effective against amyloid pathology in APP/PS1 mice Neurobiol Aging 2015 36 1 201 210 25179227
  73. [84]Mourtas S Lazar AN Markoutsa E Duyckaerts C Antimisiaris SG Multifunctional nanoliposomes with curcumin-lipid derivative and brain targeting functionality with potential applications for Alzheimer disease Eur J Med Chem 2014 80 175 183 24780594
  74. [85]Austen BM Paleologou KE Ali SA Qureshi MM Allsop D El-Agnaf OM Designing peptide inhibitors for oligomerization and toxicity of Alzheimer’s β-amyloid peptide Biochemistry 2008 47 7 1984 1992 18189413
  75. [86]Taylor M Moore S Mayes J Development of a proteolytically stable retro-inverso peptide inhibitor of β-amyloid oligomerization as a potential novel treatment for Alzheimer’s disease Biochemistry 2010 49 15 3261 3272 20230062
  76. [87]Sherer M Fullwood NJ Taylor M Allsop D A preliminary electron microscopic investigation into the interaction between Aβ1-42 peptide and a novel nanoliposome-coupled retro-inverso peptide inhibitor, developed as a potential treatment for Alzheimer’s disease J Phys Conference Series 2015 644 012040
  77. [88]Eisenberg D Jucker M The amyloid state of proteins in human diseases Cell 2012 148 6 1188 1203 22424229 PMC3353745
  78. [89]Tenovuo O Central acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of chronic traumatic brain injury-clinical experience in 111 patients Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2005 29 1 61 67 15610946
  79. [90]Spencer CM Noble S Rivastigmine. A review of its use in Alzheimer’s disease Drugs Aging 1998 13 5 391 411 9829166
  80. [91]Illum L Nasal drug delivery – possibilities, problems and solutions J Control Release 2003 87 1–3 187 198 12618035
  81. [92]Yang ZZ Zhang YQ Wang ZZ Wu K Lou JN Qi XR Enhanced brain distribution and pharmacodynamics of rivastigmine by liposomes following intranasal administration Int J Pharm 2013 452 1–2 344 354 23680731
  82. [95]Kreuter J Alyautdin RN Kharkevich DA Ivanov AA Passage of peptides through the blood-brain barrier with colloidal polymer particles (nanoparticles) Brain Res 1995 674 1 171 174 7773690
  83. [96]Mandell JW Banker GA A spatial gradient of tau protein phosphorylation in nascent axons J Neurosci 1996 16 18 5727 5740 8795628 PMC6578967
  84. [98]Goto Y Duthie MS Kawazu S Inoue N Carter D Biased cellular locations of tandem repeat antigens in African trypanosomes Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011 405 3 434 438 21241659 PMC3042534
  85. [99]Jun S-R Wassenaar TM Wanchai V Patumcharoenpol P Nookaew I Ussery DW Suggested mechanisms for Zika virus causing microcephaly: what do the genomes tell us? BMC Bioinformatics 2017 18 S14 12 29297281 PMC5751795
  86. [100]van Etten EW Ten Kate MT Snijders SV Bakker-Woudenberg IA Administration of liposomal agents and blood clearance capacity of the mononuclear phagocyte system Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998 42 7 1677 1681 9661003 PMC105665
  87. [102]Payton NM Wempe MF Xu Y Anchordoquy TJ Long-term storage of lyophilized liposomal formulations J Pharm Sci 2014 103 12 3869 3878 25308534 PMC4441342
  88. [103]Chen C Han D Cai C Tang X An overview of liposome lyophilization and its future potential J Control Release 2010 142 3 299 311 19874861
  89. [104]Qian ZM Li H Sun H Ho K Targeted drug delivery via the transferrin receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway Pharmacol Rev 2002 54 4 561 587 12429868
  90. [106]Fillebeen C Descamps L Dehouck MP Receptor-mediated transcytosis of lactoferrin through the blood-brain barrier J Biol Chem 1999 274 11 7011 7017 10066755
  91. [107]Derossi D Joliot AH Chassaing G Prochiantz A The third helix of the Antennapedia homeodomain translocates through biological membranes J Biol Chem 1994 269 14 10444 10450 8144628
  92. [108]Futaki S Ohashi W Suzuki T Stearylated arginine-rich peptides: a new class of transfection systems Bioconjug Chem 2001 12 6 1005 1011 11716693
  93. [109]Lu W Zhang Y Tan YZ Hu KL Jiang XG Fu SK Cationic albumin-conjugated pegylated nanoparticles as novel drug carrier for brain delivery J Control Release 2005 107 3 428 448 16176844
  94. [110]Tseng YL Liu JJ Hong RL Translocation of liposomes into cancer cells by cell-penetrating peptides penetratin and tat: a kinetic and efficacy study Mol Pharmacol 2002 62 4 864 872 12237333
  95. [111]Henriques ST Castanho MA Translocation or membrane disintegration? Implication of peptide-membrane interactions in pep-1 activity J Pept Sci 2008 14 4 482 487 18181239
  96. [112]Gao C Mao S Ditzel HJ A cell-penetrating peptide from a novel pVII-pIX phage-displayed random peptide library Bioorg Med Chem 2002 10 12 4057 4065 12413859
  97. [113]Koren E Torchilin VP Cell-penetrating peptides: breaking through to the other side Trends Mol Med 2012 18 7 385 393 22682515
  98. [114]Pooga M Hällbrink M Zorko M Langel U Cell penetration by transportan FASEB J 1998 12 1 67 77 9438412
  99. [115]Wender PA Mitchell DJ Pattabiraman K Pelkey ET Steinman L Rothbard JB The design, synthesis, and evaluation of molecules that enable or enhance cellular uptake: peptoid molecular transporters Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000 97 24 13003 13008 11087855 PMC27168
  100. [116]de Coupade C Fittipaldi A Chagnas V Novel human-derived cell-penetrating peptides for specific subcellular delivery of therapeutic biomolecules Biochem J 2005 390 Pt 2 407 418 15859953 PMC1198920
  101. [117]Morris MC Deshayes S Heitz F Divita G Cell-penetrating peptides: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics Biol Cell 2008 100 4 201 217 18341479
  102. [118]Johansson HJ El-Andaloussi S Holm T Characterization of a novel cytotoxic cell-penetrating peptide derived from p14ARF protein Molecular Therapy 2008 16 1 115 123 28192705
  103. [119]Taylor BN Mehta RR Yamada T Noncationic peptides obtained from azurin preferentially enter cancer cells Cancer Res 2009 69 2 537 546 19147567
  104. [120]Magzoub M Sandgren S Lundberg P N-terminal peptides from unprocessed prion proteins enter cells by macropinocytosis Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006 348 2 379 385 16893522
  105. [121]Oehlke J Krause E Wiesner B Beyermann M Bienert M Extensive cellular uptake into endothelial cells of an amphipathic β-sheet forming peptide FEBS Lett 1997 415 2 196 199 9350995
  106. [122]Sadler K Eom KD Yang JL Dimitrova Y Tam JP Translocating proline-rich peptides from the antimicrobial peptide bactenecin 7 Biochemistry 2002 41 48 14150 14157 12450378
  107. [123]Rhee M Davis P Mechanism of uptake of C105Y, a novel cell-penetrating peptide J Biol Chem 2006 281 2 1233 1240 16272160

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ross, C., Taylor, M., Fullwood, N., & Allsop, D.
Affiliations
Furness College (GB)
Corresponding author
Allsop, David
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Nanomedicine
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2018-12
Volume
Volume 13
Pages
8507-8522
ISSN
  • 1176-9114 (ISSN-L)
  • 1178-2013
DOI
10.2147/ijn.s183117
PMC
PMC6296687
OpenAlex
W2904138000
Cited by
198
References
11
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 6
FWCI
2.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Nanomedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (acceptedVersion)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Sir John Fisher Foundation
  • Alzheimer's Society
  • European Commission (212043)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, liposomes, drug delivery systems, blood-brain barrier, amyloid-beta, tau aggregation, phosphatidic acid, curcumin, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Blood-Brain Barrier, Humans, Liposomes, Drug Delivery Systems, Apoptosis, Nanoparticles

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review