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High Pain Intensity is a Risk Factor of Non-Resolving TMD: A Three-Year Follow-Up of a Patient Group in a Norwegian Interdisciplinary Evaluation Program
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: To investigate the outcome of patients with long-term refractory temporomandibular disorders (TMD) three years after a Norwegian interdisciplinary evaluation program with attention to patient satisfaction, function, pain, and psychosocial variables. Patients and Methods: The study population consisted of 60 long-term refractory TMD patients who were investigated by a Norwegian interdisciplinary team. A questionnaire that covered medical history, function, pain, lifestyle factors, TMD-status and follow-up from their general medical practitioner (GMP) was sent to the patients three years after the evaluation. Questionnaires that assessed function (Mandibular Functional Index Questionnaire [MFIQ] and Roland Morrison Scale [RMS]), pain intensity (General Pain Intensity questionnaire [GPI]) and psychosocial factors (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale [HADS]); a 2-item version of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire [CSQ]) were included in the package. Results: Thirty-nine out of 60 TMD patients completed the questionnaires. Improvements in TMD symptoms were reported in 10 patients (26%), were unchanged in 16 patients (41%) and worsened in 13 patients (33%). Only 8 patients (21%) were satisfied with the follow-up of the suggested treatments from their GMP. Significant improvements of symptoms were noted in MFIQ (jaw function), GPI (including pain intensity at maximum and suffering from pain), and CSQ (pain related catastrophizing), in all 39 TMD patients as one group. However, a subgroup analysis showed that the significant improvements were mostly within patients who reported improvement of TMD symptoms. A high pain intensity at baseline was a significant risk factor (OR = 5 .79, 95% CI: 1.34, 24.96) for patients who reported worsening of TMD symptoms at follow-up. Conclusion: High pain intensity at baseline was a significant risk factor for poorer recovery three years after an interdisciplinary evaluation. Our data support the notion that improved coping with TMD pain includes both decreased pain intensity, CSQ and MFIQ scores. Keywords: catastrophizing, interdisciplinary, orofacial pain, refractory pain, stress, evaluation
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“Moreover, high pain intensity has been shown as a risk factor for poorer recovery three years after an interdisciplinary evaluation (Staniszewski et al., Citation2022).”
From The association between pain-related factors and psychological distress in patients with temporomandibular disorder. (2023) · cites this paper as Staniszewski et al., 2022
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Fredricson, A. S., Weiner, C. K., Adami, J., Rosén, A., Lund, B. K., Hedenberg‐Magnusson, B., Fredriksson, L., & Naimi‐Akbar, A. (2022) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s381333 · Cited by 24
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“Moreover, high pain intensity has been shown as a risk factor for poorer recovery three years after an interdisciplinary evaluation (Staniszewski et al., 2022).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Staniszewski, K., Willassen, L., Berge, T., Johansson, A., Schjødt, B., & Rosèn, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Bergen (NO)
- Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Staniszewski, Kordian
- Venue
- Journal of Pain Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2022-05
- Volume
- Volume 15
- Pages
- 1283-1296
- ISSN
- 1178-7090 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9075908
- OpenAlex
- W4225275164
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Pain Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Helsedirektoratet
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Myofascial pain diagnosis and treatment
- Keywords
- temporomandibular disorders, pain intensity, risk factors, long-term outcomes, interdisciplinary analysis, pain catastrophizing, coping strategies, orofacial pain, jaw function, patient satisfaction, anxiety and depression, psychosocial factors
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