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Cited by 101Parasitic Diseases Research and TreatmentResearch on Leishmaniasis StudiesMalaria Research and Control

Mansonellosis: current perspectives

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Ta-Tang, Thuy-Huong, Crainey, James, Post, Rory J., Luz, Sergio LB., Rubio, José·2018·Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine
DOI 10.2147/rrtm.s125750PMC PMC6047625
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Abstract

Abstract: Mansonellosis is a filarial disease caused by three species of filarial (nematode) parasites ( Mansonella perstans , Mansonella streptocerca , and Mansonella ozzardi ) that use humans as their main definitive hosts. These parasites are transmitted from person to person by bloodsucking females from two families of flies (Diptera). Biting midges (Ceratopogonidae) transmit all three species of Mansonella , but blackflies (Simuliidae) are also known to play a role in the transmission of M. ozzardi in parts of Latin America. M. perstans and M. streptocerca are endemic in western, eastern, and central Africa, and M. perstans is also present in the neotropical region from equatorial Brazil to the Caribbean coast. M. ozzardi has a patchy distribution in Latin America and the Caribbean. Mansonellosis infections are thought to have little pathogenicity and to be almost always asymptomatic, but occasionally causing itching, joint pains, enlarged lymph glands, and vague abdominal symptoms. In Brazil, M. ozzardi infections are also associated with corneal lesions. Diagnosis is usually performed by detecting microfilariae in peripheral blood or skin without any periodicity. There is no standard treatment at present for mansonellosis. The combination therapy of diethylcarbamazine plus mebendazole for M. perstans microfilaremia is presently one of the most widely used, but the use of ivermectin has also been proven to be very effective against microfilariae. Recently, doxycycline has shown excellent efficacy and safety when used as an antimicrobial against endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria harbored by some strains of M. perstans and M. ozzardi . Diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin have been used effectively to treat M. streptocerca infection. There are at present no estimates of the disease burden caused by mansonellosis, and thus its importance to many global health professionals and policy makers is presently limited to how it can interfere with diagnostic tools used in modern filarial disease control and elimination programs aimed at other species of filariae. Keywords: mansonellosis, filariasis, M. perstans , M. ozzardi , M. streptocerca , neglected disease

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  • M. perstans is the most important and most difficult species to treat and is relatively resistant to standard antifilarial agents, including DEC, ivermectin, albendazole, and mebendazole.

    “M. perstans is the most important and most difficult species to treat [237] and relatively resistant to standard antifilarial agents, including DEC, ivermectin, albendazole, and mebendazole [238]”

    From Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update (2021) · cites this paper as [237]

    The Treatment section says M. perstans mansonellosis is usually regarded as the most difficult of the three types to treat. The Epidemiology and distribution section calls M. perstans the most common mansonellosis parasite, but does not establish that it is the most important. The drug-resistance clause carries a separate citation [238], so it is not assessed against this source. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Mebendazole alone or in combination with DEC is currently acknowledged as the most effective antiparasitic treatment to treat M. perstans infection.

    “Thus, mebendazole alone [238] or in combination with DEC is currently acknowledged as the most effective antiparasitic treatment to treat M. perstans infection [237].”

    From Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update (2021) · cites this paper as [237]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ta-Tang, T.-H., Crainey, J., Post, R. J., Luz, S. L., & Rubio, J.
Affiliations
  • Fiocruz Amazônia (BR)
  • London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
  • Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
Corresponding author
Rubio, José
ORCID
Venue
Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2018-01
Volume
Volume 9
Pages
9-24
ISSN
1179-7282 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2147/rrtm.s125750
PMC
PMC6047625
OpenAlex
W2783347320
Cited by
101
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4
FWCI
1.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
Keywords
mansonellosis, Mansonella perstans, Mansonella ozzardi, filariasis, biting midges, Simuliidae, vector-borne transmission, microfilariae, asymptomatic infection, corneal lesions, diethylcarbamazine, mebendazole, ivermectin, doxycycline, Wolbachia, neglected tropical diseases, disease burden

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