The DOI matches its Crossref record; 284 of the 286 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Guidelines for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease from the Italian Association of Psychogeriatrics
Abstract
A committee of experts from the Italian Association of Psychogeriatrics compiled the following report, which was then approved by a Steering Committee (comprising 20 specialists in neurology, psychiatry or geriatrics) from the Association and by two Alzheimer associations representing patients and families: the Italian Association for Alzheimer's Disease and the Italian Federation for Alzheimer's Disease. The report is based on a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, discusses methodological aspects of dementia management, and details the limitations of current therapies. These guidelines are, in general, consistent with the principles of evidence-based medicine; however, for some controversial or poorly investigated issues, the guidelines integrate scientific evidence with experience and opinions from experts working in the clinical setting. In particular, the clinical experience of experts has been used to define recommendations for starting and interrupting pharmacotherapy, and to critically review evidence about the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions. The principal pharmacotherapeutic interventions covered in the guidelines are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and tacrine) and memantine. The main non-pharmacological interventions reviewed are memory training, reality orientation therapy, and combined non-pharmacological interventions. Other issues covered are opportunities for Alzheimer's disease prevention, various modalities of care, and the treatment of comorbidities.
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“Input from consumers or consumer bodies (e.g., Kidney Health Australia, the Italian Association for Alzheimer's Disease) was explicit in nine guidelines [36, 38, 48–54].”
From Dementia Risk Reduction in Primary Care: A Scoping Review of Clinical Guidelines Using a Behavioral Specificity Framework (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“Four guidelines explicitly mentioned General Practitioners (GPs) as actors in reducing dementia risk [36, 38, 53, 57]; nurses were explicitly mentioned in six guidelines [2, 36, 38, 46, 48, 53].”
From Dementia Risk Reduction in Primary Care: A Scoping Review of Clinical Guidelines Using a Behavioral Specificity Framework (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“Guidelines recommending the management of risk factors typically suggested that healthcare professionals follow existing clinical guidelines for individual risk factors [2, 45, 51–53, 57].”
From Dementia Risk Reduction in Primary Care: A Scoping Review of Clinical Guidelines Using a Behavioral Specificity Framework (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“As Table 2 shows, discussion was the most commonly recommended action, mentioned by all but two guidelines [38, 53].”
From Dementia Risk Reduction in Primary Care: A Scoping Review of Clinical Guidelines Using a Behavioral Specificity Framework (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“It would technically be possible to follow five of the included guidelines without ever mentioning dementia to patients [38, 45, 52–54].”
From Dementia Risk Reduction in Primary Care: A Scoping Review of Clinical Guidelines Using a Behavioral Specificity Framework (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“Three included guidelines were over 10 years old and were either lacking in detail [38, 53] or referred to resources that were no longer available [57].”
From Dementia Risk Reduction in Primary Care: A Scoping Review of Clinical Guidelines Using a Behavioral Specificity Framework (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
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“Guidelines published in several countries (see for example [170,171]) now recommend the routine use of cholinesterase inhibitors in at least some”
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The Treatment of Alzheimer Disease
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“Typical treatment in severe depression often includes antidepressants and anxiolytic pharmaceuticals to control emotional symptoms, and antipsychotic drugs to control hallucinations, delusions, and are aimed to also reduce agitation (Caltagirone et al., 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialOutcomes at 12 Months in a Population of Elderly Patients Discharged From a Rehabilitation Unit
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“ORIGINAL STUDIES effective in the mild and moderate stages.(36) Delirium may be prevented with multicomponent interventions that are known to reduce morbidity and mortality among elderly subjects.”
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Vasse, E., Vernooij-Dassen, M. J. F. J., Cantegreil, I., Franco, M., Dorenlot, P., Woods, B. T., & Moniz-Cook, E. D. (2011) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2687 · Cited by 74
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“Adding to these uncertainties, the clinical effects of pharmacologic treatment of depression associated with AD are controversial. Although a consensus exists that a treatment is usually indicated and that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the first-line agents in this setting [”
BackgroundTreatment Guidelines for Alzheimer's Disease
Geldmacher, D. (2007) · The Primary Care Companion to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/pcc.v09n0205 · Cited by 58
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“Although nonpharmacological interventions are considered the first-choice approach in BPSD, drug use is often unavoidable [”
BackgroundBrand new norms for a good old test: Northern Italy normative study of MiniMental State Examination
Foderaro, G., Isella, V., Mazzone, A., Biglia, E., Gangi, M. D., Pasotti, F., Sansotera, F., Grobberio, M., Raimondi, V., Mapelli, C., et al. (2022) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05845-4 · Cited by 46
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“On the basis of the evidence from this study, and in line with current guidelines [10], treatment should be continued in patients with AD who benefit from galantamine therapy, and interruption of therapy in specific patients should be undertaken with caution.”
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“The last decade has witnessed serious advances in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, several professional organizations and workgroups have developed consensus statements and guidelines for its’ Neurological Societies ( Received June 20, 2009 Accepted for publication September 2, 2009 ) has p…”
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“Alongside the cognitive and functional decline that is a constitutive element of its diagnosis, dementia also incorporates other disturbances known as behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), whose frequency increases with the severity of the disease and may reach 90% in the most advanced cases [39].”
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“Therecommendedtherapyforthetreatmentof ADaccordingtoguidelinesfromvariousinterna-tionalorganizationsandworkgroupsisstilllargely AChEIsformildtoseverediseaseandmemantine(an NMDA receptor antagonist) ± an AChEI for moderate to severe disease [22, 23].”
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“…butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitor, indicated for treatment of mild to moderate AD (Anand et al 1996; Corey-Bloom et al 1998; Eskander et al 2005; Caltagirone et al 2005; Takeda et al 2006; Gonzalez-Gutierrez and Gobbart 2007) or for patients with rapid disease progression (Farlow et al 2005).”
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“From the Department of Gerontology, University of Haifa, Israel.”
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Report of ten years’ activity in an Alzheimer’s disease assessment unit
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“In that regard, we believe that hospitalization can significantly improve the behavioural symptoms associated with dementia; that has a special value for the patient’s overall management as the frequency of behavioural and psychological symptoms increases with the severity of the disease and may involve as many as 90%…”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Caltagirone, C., Bianchetti, A., Luca, M. D., Mecocci, P., Padovani, A., Pirfo, E., Scapicchio, P., Senin, U., Trabucchi, M., & Musicco, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- Gruppo di Ricerca Geriatrica (IT)
- University of Perugia (IT)
- University of Brescia (IT)
- University of Turin (IT)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Caltagirone, Carlo
- Venue
- Drugs & Aging
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- Suppl 1
- Pages
- 1???26
- ISSN
- 1170-229X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2057760116
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 286
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 1
- Type
- conference abstract
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Drugs & Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, dementia management, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, non-pharmacological treatment, memory training, reality orientation therapy, pharmacotherapy, Alzheimer's disease prevention, comorbidities, treatment guidelines
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Clinical Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Italy, Memantine, Psychotherapy, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
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