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Doxorubicin: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly Effect
Abstract
The anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used in chemotherapy due to its efficacy in fighting a wide range of cancers such as carcinomas, sarcomas and hematological cancers. Despite extensive clinical utilization, the mechanisms of action of DOX remain under intense debate. A growing body of evidence supports the view that this drug can be a double-edge sword. Indeed, injury to nontargeted tissues often complicates cancer treatment by limiting therapeutic dosages of DOX and diminishing the quality of patients' life during and after DOX treatment. The literature shows that the heart is a preferential target of DOX toxicity. However, this anticancer drug also affects other organs like the brain, kidney and liver. This review is mainly devoted to discuss the mechanisms underlying not only DOX beneficial effects but also its toxic outcomes. Additionally, clinical studies focusing the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of DOX treatment will be discussed. Finally, some potential strategies to attenuate DOX-induced toxicity will be debated.
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“The latter produces multiple severe side effects including the cumulative cardiotoxicity, acute nausea and vomiting, gastrointestinal disturbances, alopecia baldness, and neurologic disturbances (Carvalho et al., 2009).”
From An Arthropod Hormone, Ecdysterone, Inhibits the Growth of Breast Cancer Cells via Different Mechanisms (2020) · cites this paper as Carvalho et al., 2009
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BackgroundInfluentialBudiarta, M., Roy, S., Katenkamp, T., Feliu, N., & Beck, T. (2023) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202205606 · Cited by 26
Reyes, M. E., Ma, J., Grove, M. L., Ater, J. L., Morrison, A. C., & Hildebrandt, M. A. T. (2018) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2018.07.020 · Cited by 24
Overview of DNA Self-Assembling: Progresses in Biomedical Applications
Jorge, A. F., & Eritja, R. (2018) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics10040268 · Cited by 27
Recent advances in biomimetic strategies for the immunotherapy of glioblastoma
You, H., Geng, S., Li, S., Imani, M., Brambilla, D., Sun, T., & Jiang, C. (2024) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122694 · Cited by 27
Doxorubicin Delivery into Tumor Cells by Stable Cavitation without Contrast Agents
Chettab, K., Mestas, J., Lafond, M., et al. (2017) · Molecular Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00880 · Cited by 25
Near-Infrared/pH Dual-Sensitive Nanocarriers for Enhanced Intracellular Delivery of Doxorubicin
Wen, K., Zhou, M., Lu, H., Bi, Y., Ruan, L., Chen, J., & Hu, Y. (2018) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01051 · Cited by 25
Asiatic Acid Protects against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice
Hu, X., Li, B., Li, L., et al. (2020) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2020/5347204 · Cited by 25
“Introduction Anthracyclines are the primary choice particularly in patients with severe leukemias, lymphomas, and solid tumors [1].”
BackgroundLevi, M., Salaroli, R., Parenti, F., et al. (2021) · BMC Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s12917-020-02709-5 · Cited by 25
“Despite extensive clinical utilization, the mechanisms of action of DOX remain under intense debate and further understanding of DOX influence on cell biological events could lead to an improvement in the drug’s efficacy [12, 13, 16].”
BackgroundHyperthermia Enhances Doxorubicin Therapeutic Efficacy against A375 and MNT-1 Melanoma Cells
Salvador, D., Bastos, V., & Oliveira, H. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23010035 · Cited by 25
“Then, this complex translocates into the nucleus, where DOX dissociates and binds to DNA, obstructing the cleaving activity of topoisomerase II and disrupting nucleic acid synthesis [14,15].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Carvalho, C., Santos, R., Cardoso, S., Correia, S., Oliveira, P., Santos, M., & Moreira, P.
- Affiliations
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Moreira, Paula
- Venue
- Current Medicinal Chemistry
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2009-09-01
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 3267-3285
- ISSN
- 0929-8673 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2102897174
- Cited by
- 1,509
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 102 · 2025: 147 · 2024: 174 · 2023: 169 · 2022: 153 · 2021: 150 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 84 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 63 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 14.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Medicinal Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Keywords
- doxorubicin, anthracyclines, cardiotoxicity, drug toxicity mechanisms, anticancer mechanism, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, chemotherapy side effects
- MeSH terms
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic, Doxorubicin, Humans, Molecular Conformation, Neoplasms
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