Emerging β-Amyloid Therapies for the Treatment of Alzheimers Disease
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by loss of memory, cognition, and behavioral stability. AD is defined pathologically by extracellular neuritic plaques comprised of fibrillar deposits of beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) and neurofibrillary tangles comprised of paired helical filaments of hyperphosphorylated tau. Current therapies for AD, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, treat the symptoms but do not modify the progression of the disease. The etiology of AD is unclear. However, data from familial AD mutations (FAD) strongly support the "amyloid cascade hypothesis" of AD, i.e. that neurodegeneration in AD is initiated by the formation of neurotoxic beta-amyloid (Abeta) aggregates; all FAD mutations increase levels of Abeta peptide or density of Abeta deposits. The likely link between Abeta aggregation and AD pathology emphasizes the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of Abeta production. This review summarizes current therapeutic strategies directed at lowering Abeta levels and decreasing levels of toxic Abeta aggregates through (1) inhibition of the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) to Abeta peptide, (2) inhibition, reversal or clearance of Abeta aggregation, (3) cholesterol reduction and (4) Abeta immunization.
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Reducing the amount of amyloid-beta has been a major target in the development of Alzheimer's disease therapeutics.
“As such, reducing the amount of Aβ has been a major target in the development of AD therapeutics [30,31,32].”
From The Multifaceted Role of Neuroprotective Plants in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Conway, K., Baxter, E., Felsenstein, K., & Reitz, A.
- Affiliations
- Janssen Research & Development (United States) (US)
- ORCID
- Reitz, Allen
- Venue
- Current Pharmaceutical Design
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2003-02-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 427-447
- ISSN
- 1381-6128 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2178391263
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Pharmaceutical Design (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta, amyloid hypothesis, familial Alzheimer's disease, APP processing, amyloid fibril formation, amyloid clearance, cholesterol lowering, neurofibrillary tangles, tau hyperphosphorylation, cholinesterase inhibitors, treatment options
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Apolipoproteins E, Cholesterol, Humans, Mice, Transgenic, Endopeptidases, Polymorphism, Genetic, Drug Design, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Immunotherapy, Active, Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, Mice, Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
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