Non-Reproductive Effects of Sex Steroids: Their Immunoregulatory Role
Abstract
In this special issue of Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, the reader will find reviewed some of the hottest topics in the field of the non-reproductive effects of sex steroids. Cabrera-Muñoz et al., show that progesterone participates in the regulation of human brain tumors growth. The contribution of Martocchia suggests that sex steroid receptor modulating drugs provide new therapeutic approaches to autoimmune diseases. The role of sex steroid participation in the differentiation of stem cells to neurones is discussed by I. Velasco. Pérez-Torres and collaborators demonstrate that sex steroids play an important role in the appearance and development of renal diseases and the metabolic syndrome, the new epidemics of our century. Paris and Frye hypthetize that gestational stress, have effects on cognitive performance and/or neuronal integrity in the fetus, and that exposure to variable stress during gestation can perturb cognitive performance, concomitant with dendrite development in hippocampus and diencephalon. Muñoz-Cruz et al. thoroughly review the growing body of evidence that shows reciprocal relationship between sex steroids and the immune system, and conclude that understanding the mechanisms of action of sex steroids on immune cells is important for further progress in the development of novel therapies for chronic diseases associated to immune dysregulation. Besides, the effects of sexual steroids on pancreatic function and diabetes are reviewed by Morimoto et al. Yanes et al. review some of the contradictions raised in the context of the recently proposed critical period hypothesis, which takes into account the frame-time after cessation of ovarian function. Finally, another vey intetresting aspect of the non-reproductive effects of sex-steroids, is the related to some cognition-related aspects, which is reviewed by Picazo et al.
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Sex hormones influence the distribution and function of innate and adaptive immune cells.
“A reciprocal relationship between sex steroids and the immune system has been hypothesized for several years, and there is evidence that sex hormones influence the distribution and function of innate and adaptive immune cells [3].”
From Gender-Related Effects of Sex Steroids on Histamine Release and Fc<i>ε</i>RI Expression in Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells (2015) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- Morales-Montor, J., Togno-Pierce, C., & Munoz-Cruz, S.
- Venue
- Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2011-07-01
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1714-1727
- ISSN
- 1568-0266 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2112417375
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- sex steroids, immune regulation, progesterone, brain tumors, autoimmune disease, stem cell differentiation, neuronal differentiation, kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, prenatal stress, hippocampus, dendrite formation, immune dysregulation, pancreatic function, diabetes mellitus, critical period hypothesis, ovarian function, cognition
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Immune System, Immune System Diseases, Immunologic Factors, Gonadal Steroid Hormones
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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