Cited by 732Electronic Health Records SystemsHealth Literacy and Information AccessibilityPatient Satisfaction in Healthcare

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Patient Portals and Patient Engagement: A State of the Science Review

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Irizarry, Taya, DeVito Dabbs, Annette, Curran, Christine R·2015·Journal of Medical Internet Research

DOI 10.2196/jmir.4255PMC PMC4526960

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patient portals (ie, electronic personal health records tethered to institutional electronic health records) are recognized as a promising mechanism to support greater patient engagement, yet questions remain about how health care leaders, policy makers, and designers can encourage adoption of patient portals and what factors might contribute to sustained utilization. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this state of the science review are to (1) present the definition, background, and how current literature addresses the encouragement and support of patient engagement through the patient portal, and (2) provide a summary of future directions for patient portal research and development to meaningfully impact patient engagement. METHODS: We reviewed literature from 2006 through 2014 in PubMed, Ovid Medline, and PsycInfo using the search terms "patient portal" OR "personal health record" OR "electronic personal health record". Final inclusion criterion dictated that studies report on the patient experience and/or ways that patients may be supported to make competent health care decisions and act on those decisions using patient portal functionality. RESULTS: We found 120 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Based on the research questions, explicit and implicit aims of the studies, and related measures addressed, the studies were grouped into five major topics (patient adoption, provider endorsement, health literacy, usability, and utility). We discuss the findings and conclusions of studies that address the five topical areas. CONCLUSIONS: Current research has demonstrated that patients' interest and ability to use patient portals is strongly influenced by personal factors such age, ethnicity, education level, health literacy, health status, and role as a caregiver. Health care delivery factors, mainly provider endorsement and patient portal usability also contribute to patient's ability to engage through and with the patient portal. Future directions of research should focus on identifying specific populations and contextual considerations that would benefit most from a greater degree of patient engagement through a patient portal. Ultimately, adoption by patients and endorsement by providers will come when existing patient portal features align with patients' and providers' information needs and functionality.

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Cognitive and usability engineering methods for the evaluation of clinical information systems.
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Authors: Irizarry, T., DeVito Dabbs, A., & Curran, C. R.
Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author: Irizarry, Taya
ORCID: Irizarry, Taya
Venue: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Published: 2015-06-23
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Pages: e148
ISSN: 1438-8871 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2196/jmir.4255
PMC: PMC4526960
OpenAlex: W1884436451
Cited by: 732
References: 137
Citations by year: 2026: 35 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 88 · 2018: 92 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 5
FWCI: 6.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Journal of Medical Internet Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: National Institute of Nursing Research (2NR008857, T32NR008857)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Electronic Health Records Systems
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
Keywords: patient portals, patient engagement, electronic personal health records, patient adoption, health literacy, usability, patient decision-making, caregiver role, patient information needs
MeSH terms: Age Factors, Educational Status, Ethnicity, Health Services Needs and Demand, Health Status, Humans, Patient Participation, Research, Caregivers, Health Records, Personal, Health Literacy, Electronic Health Records

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