The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Biocompatibility and Toxicity of Graphene Quantum Dots for Potential Application in Photodynamic Therapy
Open accessAbstract
AIM: Achieving reliably high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) remains challenging. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) hold great promise for PDT. However, the photochemical processes leading to GQD-derived ROS generation have not yet been fully elucidated. MATERIALS & METHODS: Physicochemical characteristics of GQDs were comprehensively investigated, including electron paramagnetic resonance analysis of singlet oxygen production. Dark toxicity was assessed in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: GQDs demonstrated excellent photoluminescent features, corrosion resistance, high water solubility, high photo/pH-stability, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and very efficient singlet oxygen/ROS generation. CONCLUSION: The enhanced ROS generation, combined with good biocompatibility and minimal toxicity in vitro and in vivo support the potential of GQDs for future PDT application.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Cancer nanotechnology: opportunities and challenges
Ferrari, M. (2005) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1566 · Cited by 4,558
Renal clearance of quantum dots
Soo Choi, H., Liu, W., Misra, P., Tanaka, E., Zimmer, J. P., Itty Ipe, B., Bawendi, M. G., & Frangioni, J. V. (2007) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt1340 · Cited by 4,476
Glowing Graphene Quantum Dots and Carbon Dots: Properties, Syntheses, and Biological Applications
Zheng, X. T., Ananthanarayanan, A., Luo, K. Q., & Chen, P. (2015) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.201402648 · Cited by 2,190
Cited by
Nanomaterials for Nanotheranostics: Tuning Their Properties According to Disease Needs
Wong, X. Y., Sena-Torralba, A., Álvarez-Diduk, R., Muthoosamy, K., & Merkoçi, A. (2020) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b08133 · Cited by 363
Recent advances in photo‐responsive carbon dots for tumor therapy
Zhang, H., Liu, Y., & Qu, S. (2024) · Responsive Materials · doi:10.1002/rpm.20240012 · Cited by 121
Metadata
- Authors
- Tabish, T. A., Scotton, C. J., J Ferguson, D. C., Lin, L., der Veen, A. V., Lowry, S., Ali, M., Jabeen, F., Ali, M., Winyard, P. G., & Zhang, S.
- Venue
- Nanomedicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1923-1937
- ISSN
- 1743-5889 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-6963
- OpenAlex
- W2887909456
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 7.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Biocompatibility and Toxicity of Graphene Quantum Dots for Potential Application in Photodynamic Therapy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2217/nnm-2018-0018
- The paper
- Tabish, T. A., Scotton, C. J., J Ferguson, D. C., Lin, L., der Veen, A. V., Lowry, S., Ali, M., Jabeen, F., Ali, M., Winyard, P. G., & Zhang, S. (2018). Biocompatibility and Toxicity of Graphene Quantum Dots for Potential Application in Photodynamic Therapy. Nanomedicine. https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2018-0018
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
