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Cited by 14Advanced Drug Delivery SystemsOcular Surface and Contact LensOcular Infections and Treatments

Ocular inserts - a novel approach in ocular drug delivery

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Khan, Ahmar, Raza, Syed Naiem, Itoo, Asif, Bashir, Sirjohn, Wani, Taha Umair, Khan, Nisar Ahmad·2019·Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics
DOI 10.22270/jddt.v9i4.3207
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Abstract

Among the ocular dosage forms, the physiological and anatomical constraints put forth by the eye is a significant challenge to the pharmaceutical scientists and researchers to target drugs to the posterior segment of the eye, prolong their contact time with the ocular surface and sustained release. Hence novel drug delivery strategies and formulations are to be developed and explored which will overcome the ocular constraints and provide better patient compliance. At present, various novel and controlled drug delivery systems are being developed in order to attain better ocular bioavailability, sustained action of ocular drugs as well as good patient compliance. Ocular insert is an example of such delivery system. These are sterile preparations, with a thin, multilayered, drug-impregnated, solid or semisolid consistency devices placed into cul-de-sac or conjunctiva sac of the eye. Ocular inserts are an alternative approach to overcome the problems associated with conventional ocular dosage forms like solutions, suspensions, ointments, etc. The article hereunder gives a detailed idea about the classification, mechanism of action, formulation, pros and cons; evaluation and future trends of ocular inserts.

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  • Subconjunctival and episcleral implants have drawbacks including foreign body sensation, burst release preceding controlled discharge, undesired migration around the eye, inadvertent loss, and difficulty in insertion or removal.

    “The drawbacks of ocular inserts encompass foreign body sensation, burst release preceding controlled discharge, undesired migration around the eye (e.g. causing visual disturbances or movement towards the upper fornix), inadvertent loss during sleep or following eye rubbing and difficulty in insertion or removal [73,74].”

    From From design to Deployment: The innovative role of nanomicelles in targeted ophthalmic therapeutics (2025) · cites this paper as [73]

    The “Disadvantages of Ocular Inserts” section (page not provided) describes a foreign-body sensation and migration to the upper fornix that can make removal difficult. The “Synthetic and semi-synthetic polymer” section also notes blurred vision and a risk of expulsion for soluble inserts. Our copy does not establish a burst release before controlled release, loss specifically during sleep or eye rubbing, or difficulty with insertion; it discusses ocular inserts rather than specifically subconjunctival and episcleral implants. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 38

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Authors
Khan, A., Raza, S. N., Itoo, A., Bashir, S., Wani, T. U., & Khan, N. A.
Affiliations
University of Kashmir (IN)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics
Publisher
Society of Pharmaceutical Tecnocrats
Published
2019-07-15
Volume
9
Issue
4
Pages
693-703
ISSN
2250-1177 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.22270/jddt.v9i4.3207
OpenAlex
W4402534797
Cited by
14
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 2
FWCI
0.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ocular Surface and Contact Lens
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Infections and Treatments
Keywords
ocular inserts, ocular drug delivery, posterior segment of the eye, sustained drug release, ocular bioavailability, medication adherence, mechanism of action

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