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Four- and Six-Month-Old Infants' Visual Responses to Joy, Anger, and Neutral Expressions
Abstract
24 infants, 12 4-month-olds and 12 6-month-olds, were repeatedly shown slides of 3 facial expressions. The expressions were previously judged by obervers to be indicators of joy, anger, and no emotion, respectively. The duration of the first visual fixation to each presentation of the slides was monitored for each subject. The data indicated that the infants looked at the joy expression significantly more than at either the anger or neutral expressions. The results suggest that infants are capable of discriminating emotion expressions earlier in their development than previous studies have implied.
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Cited by
Not all emotions are created equal: The negativity bias in social–emotional development
Vaish, A., Grossmann, T., & Woodward, A. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.383 · Cited by 1,191
McClure, E. B. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.3.424 · Cited by 1,032
Discrimination and imitation of facial expression by neonates
Field, T. M., Woodson, R., Greenberg, R., & Cohen, D. (1982) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7123230 · Cited by 864
Three‐month‐olds show a negativity bias in their social evaluations
Kiley Hamlin, J., Wynn, K., & Bloom, P. (2010) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00951.x · Cited by 494
Gender differences in emotional development: A review of theories and research
Brody, L. R. (1985) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1985.tb00361.x · Cited by 376
Metadata
- Authors
- LaBarbera, J. D., Izard, C. E., Vietze, P., & Parisi, S. A.
- Venue
- Child Development
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1976-06
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 535
- ISSN
- 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2078616011
- Cited by
- 270
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 2.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Four- and Six-Month-Old Infants' Visual Responses to Joy, Anger, and Neutral Expressions. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1128816
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- LaBarbera, J. D., Izard, C. E., Vietze, P., & Parisi, S. A. (1976). Four- and Six-Month-Old Infants' Visual Responses to Joy, Anger, and Neutral Expressions. Child Development. https://doi.org/10.2307/1128816
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Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
