The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Complex, Performance-Based Assessment: Expectations and Validation Criteria
Abstract
In recent years there has been an increasing emphasis on assessment results, as well as increasing concern about the nature of the most widely used forms of student assessment and uses that are made of the results. These conflicting forces have helped create a burgeoning interest in alternative forms of assessments, particularly complex, performance-based assessments. It is argued that there is a need to rethink the criteria by which the quality of educational assessments are judged, and a set of criteria that are sensitive to some of the expectations for performance-based assessments is proposed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Education and thinking: The role of knowledge.
Glaser, R. (1984) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.39.2.93 · Cited by 1,272 · cited 4×
“, 1991), the scoring criteria for student performance were developed by using contrasts between essays composed by active historians and those produced by teachers and students, following models in Chi, Glaser, and Farr (1988). These expert essays by historians revealed characteristics (such as premise-driven writing…”
BackgroundInfluential
Cited by
An instructional design framework for authentic learning environments
Herrington, J., & Oliver, R. (2000) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/bf02319856 · Cited by 1,576
The interplay of evidence and consequences in the validation of performance assessments
Messick, S. (1994) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x023002013 · Cited by 1,315
Assessing professional competence: from methods to programmes
Van Der Vleuten, C. P. M., & Schuwirth, L. W. T. (2005) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02094.x · Cited by 1,268
Shifting Conceptions of Validity in Educational Measurement: Implications for Performance Assessment
Moss, P. A. (1992) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.2307/1170738 · Cited by 434
A framework for evaluation and use of automated scoring
Williamson, D. M., Xi, X., & Breyer, F. J. (2012) · Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1745-3992.2011.00223.x · Cited by 430
Metadata
- Authors
- Linn, R. L., Baker, E. L., & Dunbar, S. B.
- Venue
- Educational Researcher
- Published
- 1991-11
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 15
- ISSN
- 0013-189X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2116577120
- Cited by
- 926
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 236.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Complex, Performance-Based Assessment: Expectations and Validation Criteria. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1176232
- The paper
- Linn, R. L., Baker, E. L., & Dunbar, S. B. (1991). Complex, Performance-Based Assessment: Expectations and Validation Criteria. Educational Researcher. https://doi.org/10.2307/1176232
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.