The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Political and Monetary Institutions and Public Financial Policies in the Industrial Countries
Abstract
Institutions and policies Vittorio Grilli, Donato Masciandaro and Guido Tabellini Why do countries as similar as the industrialized OECD countries go through such different experience in terms of public deficits and debts or in terms of inflation? The answer cannot come from macroeconomic policy responses to different disturbances, nor from the principles of optimal taxation, but rather from politics. This article focuses on the role that particular institutions exert in providing constraints and incentives which shape the actions of policymakers. The electoral process and political traditions affect the ability of governments to deal with deficits and mounting debts. What seems to matter most, it is found, is the effect of the durability of governments. Governments with short horizons act myopically and never quite tackle the hard choices. Such governments typically exist in countries with an electoral system favouring many small political parties. Central bank independence promotes low inflation with no apparent costs in terms of real economic performance, irrespective of the political institutions. In fact there is no link between monetary and fiscal discipline. These findings carry powerful implications for countries facing high indebtedness or stubborn inflation, but also for the construction of the European Economic and Monetary Union.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Cross-country evidence finds that a monetary authority with greater autonomy is associated with lower and more stable inflation.”
From Threats to central bank independence: High-frequency identification with twitter (2023) · cites this paper as Grilli, Masciandaro, and Tabellini (1991)
Citations
Cites
On the Determination of the Public Debt
Barro, R. J. (1979) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/260807 · Cited by 3,313
Political and economic determinants of budget deficits in the industrial democracies
Roubini, N., & Sachs, J. (1989) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/0014-2921(89)90002-0 · Cited by 1,388
Macroeconomic Policy, Credibility and Politics
Persson, T., & Tabellini, G. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203714942 · Cited by 692
Self-citationContemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence, by G. Bingham Powell, Jr.
Long, W. J. (1984) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2150271 · Cited by 571
Alesina, A., & Tabellini, G. (1988) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w2759 · Cited by 537
Self-citationINFLATION IN THE THEORY OF PUBLIC FINANCE
Phelps, E. S. (1979) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-554001-8.50015-6 · Cited by 336
Political Handbook of the World
(1944) · International Affairs · doi:10.2307/3018581 · Cited by 300
Explaining fiscal policies and inflation in developing countries
Edwards, S., & Tabellini, G. (1991) · Journal of International Money and Finance · doi:10.1016/0261-5606(91)90045-l · Cited by 210
Self-citationMoney, debt and deficits in a dynamic game
Tabellini, G. (1986) · Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control · doi:10.1016/s0165-1889(86)80001-x · Cited by 157
Self-citationCharacterization of the optimal tax on money when it functions as a medium of exchange
Faig, M. (1988) · Journal of Monetary Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-3932(88)90174-2 · Cited by 55
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 1,000
Determinantes dos Desvios Orçamentais nos Municípios Portugueses
Martins, P., & Correia, L. T. (2015) · RPER · doi:10.59072/rper.vi39.378 · Cited by 5
The Bank that Rules Europe: The ECB and Central Bank Independence
Baimbridge, M. J., Burkitt, B., & Whyman, P. B. (2001) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230510760_7 · Cited by 5
The Political Economy of European Union Financial Integration: The Battle of the Systems
Story, J. (2000) · doi:10.1093/0198296398.003.0003 · Cited by 5
Samba, M. C., & Mbassi, C. M. (2015) · Business and Economics Journal · doi:10.4172/2151-6219.1000216 · Cited by 5
Stabilité du gouvernement et ajustement budgétaire de pays d’Afrique subsaharienne
Yabré, T., Semedo, G., & OUEDRAOGO, I. M. (2020) · Revue française d économie · doi:10.3917/rfe.194.0025 · Cited by 5
Fiscal dominance and inflation: Evidence from Nigerian and South African’s experiences
Sanusi, K. A. (2020) · Cogent Economics & Finance · doi:10.1080/23322039.2020.1814508 · Cited by 5
The Economic Consequences of Banking Crises: The Role of Central Banks and Optimal Independence
Hansen, D. (2021) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055421001325 · Cited by 5
What type of central banker dampens the political business cycle? The case of Africa
Strong, C. O. (2023) · International Journal of Finance & Economics · doi:10.1002/ijfe.2769 · Cited by 5
Business politicians and fiscal consolidation
Nones, N. (2023) · Business and Politics · doi:10.1017/bap.2023.24 · Cited by 5
Rhetoric and Action: What are Central Banks Doing Before Elections?
Maier, P. (2002) · Public Choice · doi:10.1023/a:1019997222044 · Cited by 5
Une histoire du ciblage de l'inflation : science des théoriciens ou arts des banquiers centraux ?
Carré, E. (2014) · Cahiers d économie politique · doi:10.3917/cep.066.0127 · Cited by 5
Fiscal Deficits and Type of Government: A Study of Spanish Local Elections
Artés, J., & Jurado, I. (2015) · Studies in political economy · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15551-7_19 · Cited by 5
Ábel, I., Bonin, J. P., & Siklos, P. L. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2720-6_14 · Cited by 5
Legitimacy and efficiency: Revitalizing EMU ahead of enlargement
Sadeh, T., Jones, E., & Verdun, A. (2007) · Review of International Political Economy · doi:10.1080/09692290701642606 · Cited by 5
Central Bank Independence in Southeastern Europe with a view to EU integration
Dvorsky, S. (2008) · International Journal of Monetary Economics and Finance · doi:10.1504/ijmef.2008.020637 · Cited by 5
Helland, L. (2004) · Scandinavian Political Studies · doi:10.1111/j.0080-6757.2004.00114.x · Cited by 5
The impact of fiscal-monetary policy interactions on government size and macroeconomic performance
Cuciniello, V. (2009) · Economic Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2009.02.014 · Cited by 5
The Cost of Political Intervention in Monetary Policy*
Cobham, D., Papadopoulos, A., & Zis, G. (2004) · International Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1367-0271.2004.00146.x · Cited by 5
Policy decisiveness and responses to speculative attacks in developed countries
Han, K. J. (2009) · European Journal of Political Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2009.01835.x · Cited by 5
The Logic of Collective Responsibility in European Monetary Integration
Chang, M. (2002) · Journal of Public Policy · doi:10.1017/s0143814x02005093 · Cited by 5
Establishing central bank independence: recent experiences in developing countries
Siklos, P. L. (1995) · Journal of International Trade & Economic Development · doi:10.1080/09638199500000027 · Cited by 5
Local government resource use under a centralised system of financing: The case of Norway
Borge, L., & Ratts∅, J. (1999) · Local Government Studies · doi:10.1080/03003939908433936 · Cited by 5
de Wet, W. A. (2003) · South African Journal of Economics · doi:10.1111/j.1813-6982.2003.tb00096.x · Cited by 5
Brosens, T., & Wierts, P. (2009) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230271791_4 · Cited by 5
Strategic Interactions of the ECB, Wage Bargainers, and Governments
Franzese, R. J. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-4062-2_2 · Cited by 5
von Weizsäcker, R. K. F. (1997) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59193-8_4 · Cited by 5
Jakościowe aspekty polityki współczesnego banku centralnego
Kowalak, M. (2006) · Bank i Kredyt · Cited by 5
Central bank independence and its relationship to inflation
de Mendonça, H. F. (2005) · CEPAL review · doi:10.18356/a6b59e4e-en · Cited by 5
Party Systems and Public Goods: The Dynamics of Good Governance in the Indian StatesPreprint
Banerjee, S., & Hankla, C. (2014) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2484794 · Cited by 5
EMU Enlargement: Which Concept of Convergence to Apply?Preprint
Freytag, A. (2004) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Central bank independence : a critical viewPreprint
Mas, I. (1994) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Chou, Y. K. (2000) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
LABOUR MARKET FLEXIBILITY IN NORTHERN EUROPEPreprint
Kilponen, J., Mayes, D. G., & Vilmunen, J. (1999) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Cobham, D. (2010) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.4324/9780203836538-10 · Cited by 5
Legal, Actual and Desirable Independence: A Case Study of the Bank of IsraelPreprint
Alex Cukierman, A. (2005) · SSRN Electronic Journal · Cited by 5
Eichbaum, C. (1993) · Economic Papers A journal of applied economics and policy · doi:10.1111/j.1759-3441.1993.tb00869.x · Cited by 5
Determinants and Effects of Central Bank Independence Reforms
Landström, M. (2013) · Diva portal (Dalarna University Library) · Cited by 5
Searching for the Optimal EMU Fiscal Rule: An Ex-Post Analysis of the SGP Reform ProposalsPreprint
Biraschi, P. (2008) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Political Preferences and the Aging of Populations: Political-Economy Explanations of Pension Reform
Pamp, O. (2015) · Cited by 5
Central Bank Independence in Transition Economies
Bogoev, J., & Petrevski, G. (2015) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-137-37138-6_2 · Cited by 5
Stasavage, D. (2000) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-15068-7_11 · Cited by 5
Populism, Economic Policies, Political Pressure and Central Bank (In)dependencePreprint
Masciandaro, D. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3369544 · Cited by 5
Self-citationDeterminants of the Choice of Exchange Rate Regime in Resource-Rich CountriesPreprint
Aliyev, R. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2856953 · Cited by 5
Political Particularism around the World
Wallack, J. S., Gaviría, A., Panizza, U. G., & Stein, E. H. (2002) · doi:10.18235/0010800 · Cited by 5
Erratum: The Political Economy of Inflation: Bargaining Structure or Central Bank Independence?
Iversen, T. (1999) · Public Choice · doi:10.1023/a:1018730513366 · Cited by 5
Bobiceanu, A. M., Nistor, S., & Ongena, S. (2026) · Journal of Financial Stability · doi:10.1016/j.jfs.2026.101512 · Cited by 4
“Decoding” Policy Perspectives: Structural Topic Modeling of European Central Bankers’ Speeches
Warin, T., & Stojkov, A. (2023) · Journal of risk and financial management · doi:10.3390/jrfm16070329 · Cited by 4
The inflation impact of monetary financing: empirical evidence from South Asian countries
Duan, H.-P., Zhao, X., Fu, Q., & Chang, C. (2025) · Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy · doi:10.1080/13547860.2025.2479307 · Cited by 4
Barkai, H., & Liviatan, N. (2007) · Cited by 4
Indian macroeconomic management: at the crossroads between government and markets
Werner, R. A. (2000) · Cited by 4
Ko, H. (2013) · Asian Social Work and Policy Review · doi:10.1111/aswp.12022 · Cited by 4
The limits of `independence' and the policy of the ECB^*
Forder, J. (2005) · Public Choice · doi:10.1007/s11127-005-3057-8 · Cited by 4
Central Bank Independence and Inflation: Evidence from Mauritius
Seetanah, B., Sannassee, R. V., & Dilmohamed, S. (2014) · African Development Review · doi:10.1111/1467-8268.12112 · Cited by 4
Measuring Disinflation Credibility in Emerging Markets
Rebucci, A., & Rossi, M. (2004) · IMF Working Paper · doi:10.5089/9781451874730.001 · Cited by 4
Fawaz, F. A., & Rahnamamoghadam, M. (2024) · Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice · doi:10.2478/jcbtp-2024-0006 · Cited by 4
Battilossi, S., & Madrid, I. (2004) · Cited by 4
Central bank independence and stock market returns in developed countries
Garcia, M. T. M., & Costa, P. M. M. R. (2018) · International Review of Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/02692171.2018.1493093 · Cited by 4
Central bank independence and its effect on money market stability
Alishani, A. (2012) · ILIRIA International Review · doi:10.21113/iir.v2i1.166 · Cited by 4
Ferčič, A. (2022) · Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu · doi:10.3935/zpfz.72.5.02 · Cited by 4
Macroeconomic-Financial Policies and Climate Change Nexus: Theory & Practices
Azam, M., Hunjra, A. I., & Taşkın, D. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-3296-0_3 · Cited by 4
L'indépendance de la BDL et les déterminants de la crise économique au Liban
Rizkallah, S. (2022) · Revue Internationale des Économistes de Langue Française · doi:10.18559/rielf.2022.2.1 · Cited by 4
Indipendenza della banca centrale, vigilanza bancaria e stabilita monetaria
Masciandaro, D. (2013) · Moneta e credito · doi:10.13133/2037-3651/10979 · Cited by 4
Self-citationEntry and Exit Dynamics of ‘Excessive Deficits’ in the European Union
Bayar, A. H. (2001) · Public Finance and Management · doi:10.1177/152397210100100106 · Cited by 4
A MENSURAÇÃO DO GRAU DE INDEPENDENCIA DO BANCO CENTRAL: UMA ANÁLISE DE SUAS FRAGILIDADES
de Mendonça, H. F. (2009) · Análise Econômica · doi:10.22456/2176-5456.10670 · Cited by 4
Les cibleurs d'inflation sont-ils monomaniaques ?
Levieuge, G., & Lucotte, Y. (2014) · Revue française d économie · doi:10.3917/rfe.134.0049 · Cited by 4
Meisel-Roca, A., & Barón, J. D. (2010) · Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History · doi:10.1017/s0212610909990061 · Cited by 4
Political economy of central banks
Jayasuriya, K. (1994) · Australian Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1080/00323269408402283 · Cited by 4
Partially sighted persons and the public debt elephant
Considine, J., & Duffy, D. L. (2006) · Constitutional Political Economy · doi:10.1007/s10602-006-9005-x · Cited by 4
L'union économique et monétaire : principes et implications
Pisani‐Ferry, J., & Bismut, C. (1993) · Revue économique · doi:10.3406/reco.1993.409429 · Cited by 4
Reducing Inflation in Ex-Communist Economies
Bogoev, J., Petrevski, G., & Sergi, B. S. (2012) · Problems of Post-Communism · doi:10.2753//ppc1075-8216590404 · Cited by 4
Sieberer, U. (2012) · Government and Opposition · doi:10.1111/j.1477-7053.2012.01373.x · Cited by 4
The Changing Political Economy of Inflation
Kaltenthaler, K., & Anderson, C. J. (2000) · Journal of Public Policy · doi:10.1017/s0143814x00000787 · Cited by 4
The Bank of Canada, Accountability and Legitimacy: Some Proposals for Reform
Clark, J. M. (1996) · Canadian Public Policy · doi:10.2307/3551452 · Cited by 4
The relevance and relative robustness of sources of inflation bias in Pakistan
Hayat, Z., Balli, F., & Rehman, M. (2017) · Economic Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2017.02.008 · Cited by 4
Exchange Rate Policy for MERCOSUR:- Lessons from the European Union
Marengo, S. (1998) · Peter Lang D eBooks · doi:10.3726/b13696 · Cited by 4
LA INDEPENDENCIA DE LOS BANCOS CENTRALES Y LA INFLACIÓN: UN ANÁLISIS EMPÍRICO
Chiquiar, D., & Ibarra, R. (2019) · Investigación Económica · doi:10.22201/fe.01851667p.2020.311.72433 · Cited by 4
THE QUALITY OF MONETARY POLICY AND INFLATION PERFORMANCE: GLOBALIZATION AND ITS AFTERMATH*
Bohl, M. T., Mayes, D. G., & Siklos, P. L. (2011) · Manchester School · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9957.2011.02195.x · Cited by 4
Good bye light touch? Macroeconomic resilience, banking regulation and institutions
Pellegrina, L. D., & Masciandaro, D. (2013) · Risk Governance and Control Financial Markets & Institutions · doi:10.22495/rgcv3i1art2 · Cited by 4
Self-citationTHE EFFECT OF CENTRAL BANK INDEPENDENCE ON PRICE STABILITY: THE CASE OF INDONESIA
Andriani, Y., & Gai, P. (2013) · Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking · doi:10.21098/bemp.v15i4.72 · Cited by 4
Central Bank Independence and Budget Constraints for a Stable Euro
Papadia, F., & Ruggiero, G. P. (1999) · Open Economies Review · doi:10.1023/a:1008305128157 · Cited by 4
Lledó, V. (2003) · Cited by 4
Determinants of Fiscal Deficit in Conflict-affected States in Africa
Dalyop, G. T. (2017) · International Journal of Economic Policy Studies · doi:10.1007/bf03405769 · Cited by 4
Holding Democracy Hostage: Central Bank Autonomy In the Transition From Authoritarian RulePreprint
Boylan, D. M. (1998) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 4
Transparency of Banking SupervisorsPreprint
Liedorp, F. R., Mosch, R. H. J., van der Cruijsen, C. A. B., & de Haan, J. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1951841 · Cited by 4
Dancing Together at Arm’s Length? The Interaction of Central Banks with Governments in the G7Preprint
Bodea, C., & Huemer, S. (2010) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1646278 · Cited by 4
Heipertz, M., & Gesellschaftsforschung, K. (. M.-P.-I. F. (2003) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 4
Debt, Inflation and Central Bank IndependencePreprint
Martin, F. M. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2271816 · Cited by 4
Udoh, E. A. P., Joshua, N., & Etok, E. A. (2010) · SSRN Electronic Journal · Cited by 4
Central Bank Independence, The Bundesbank Experience And The Central Bank Of The Republic Of TurkeyPreprint
Gokbudak, N. (1996) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.25673/106069 · Cited by 4
Central Bank Transparency: A Market IndicatorPreprint
Howells, P. G. A., & Mariscal, I. B. (2003) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 4
Politics and macroeconomic performance in the OECD countriesPreprint
Cusack, T. R. (1995) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 4
Optimal Contracts for Central Bankers: Inflation versus Money Supply and Exchange Rate Targets
Panizza, U. G. (1997) · Open Economies Review · doi:10.1023/a:1008235414010 · Cited by 4
The Design of Preferential Trade Agreements
World Trade Organization (2011) · WTO Working papers · doi:10.30875/421bd57e-en · Cited by 4
Modern Monetary Policy and Central Bank Governance: A Story of Two TalesPreprint
Eijffinger, S. C. W., & Masciandaro, D. (2014) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2488451 · Cited by 4
Self-citationInstitutions and the rise of taxes on labour in the OECD
Heylen, F. (1995) · Review of World Economics · doi:10.1007/bf02707933 · Cited by 4
The New Zealand Monetary Policy Experiment—A Preliminary Assessment
Dowd, K., & Baker, S. (1994) · World Economy · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9701.1994.tb00777.x · Cited by 4
Institutions and Business CyclesPreprint
Neyaptı, B., Altug, S. G., & Emin, M. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1832407 · Cited by 4
Are Central Bank Independence Reforms Necessary for Achieving Low and Stable InflationPreprint
Daunfeldt, S., Landström, M., & Rudholm, N. (2013) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 4
Central Bank Governance and the Role of Nonfinancial Risk ManagementPreprint
Khan, A. A. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2737528 · Cited by 4
Central Bank Independence and Accountability: The New Zealand Case
Kirchner, S. (1995) · Agenda - A Journal of Policy Analysis and Reform · doi:10.22459/ag.02.02.1995.04 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Grilli, V., Masciandaro, D., Tabellini, G., Malinvaud, E., & Pagano, M.
- Affiliations
- Birkbeck, University of London (GB)
- Bocconi University (IT)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Venue
- Economic Policy
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1991-10
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 341
- ISSN
- 0266-4658 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2045843512
- Cited by
- 1,585
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 72.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Economic Policy (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Fiscal Policies and Political Economy
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Monetary Policy and Economic Impact
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › European Monetary and Fiscal Policies
- Keywords
- political institutions, monetary institutions, public deficit, public debt, inflation, electoral systems, central bank independence, fiscal discipline, monetary discipline, political economy of fiscal policy, European Monetary Union, OECD countries
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review