Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 613

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

A Theoretical Field-Analysis of Automobile-Driving

Gibson, James J., Crooks, Laurence E.·1938·The American Journal of Psychology

Abstract

Of all the skills demanded by contemporary civilization the one of driving an automobile is certainly the most important to the individual, in the sense at least that a defect in it is the greatest threat to his life. But despite the consequent importance of knowledge about the nature and acquisition of this scale, no more than a beginning in this direction has been made by psychologists, and that chiefly in the field of devising tests to measure some of its inferred components. A systematic set of concepts is needed in terms of which we can describe precisely what goes on when a man drives an automobile, and such a theory, it is to be useful, must have practical as well as psychological validity. This paper has been written in the effort to make a systematic description of this sort. http://www.jstor.org/view/00029556/ap050198/05a00020/0 Keywords: Driver distraction;

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2307/1416145

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cited by

See all 613

Metadata

Authors
Gibson, J. J., & Crooks, L. E.
Venue
The American Journal of Psychology
Published
1938-07
Volume
51
Issue
3
Pages
453
ISSN
0002-9556 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1980250221
Cited by
613
References
0
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Theoretical Field-Analysis of Automobile-Driving. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1416145
The paper
Gibson, J. J., & Crooks, L. E. (1938). A Theoretical Field-Analysis of Automobile-Driving. The American Journal of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.2307/1416145

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.