The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Options and Efficiency
Abstract
This paper argues that in an uncertain world options written on existing assets can improve efficiency by permitting an expansion of the contingencies that are covered by the market. The two major results obtained are, first, that complex contracts can be “built up” as portfolios of simple options and, second, that there exists a single portfolio of the assets, the efficient fund, on which all options can be written with no loss of efficiency.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Theory of rational option pricing
Merton, R. C. (2005) · Theory of Valuation · doi:10.1142/9789812701022_0008 · Cited by 7,161
Cited by
Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-405x(76)90026-x · Cited by 71,491
The Determination of Financial Structure: The Incentive‐Signalling Approach,
Ross, S. A. (1977) · The Bell Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/3003485 · Cited by 4,168
Self-citationTheory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure
Jensen (Deceased), M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1998) · doi:10.2139/ssrn.94043 · Cited by 2,749
VALUING CORPORATE SECURITIES: SOME EFFECTS OF BOND INDENTURE PROVISIONS
Black, F., & Cox, J. C. (1976) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1976.tb01891.x · Cited by 2,383
Theory of Financial Decision Making.
Schwartz, E. S., & Ingersoll, J. E. (1988) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.2307/2328335 · Cited by 1,867
Metadata
- Authors
- Ross, S. A.
- Venue
- The Quarterly Journal of Economics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1976-02
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75
- ISSN
- 0033-5533 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1993875222
- Cited by
- 827
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 21.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Options and Efficiency. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1886087
- The paper
- Ross, S. A. (1976). Options and Efficiency. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. https://doi.org/10.2307/1886087
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
