The international whaling commission and the North Atlantic marine mammal commission: the institutional risks of coercion in consensual structures
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The IWC was considered largely ineffective until additional multi-lateral environmental agreements were adopted and the US used unilateral action through the Pelly and Packwood-Magnuson Amendments.
“The IWC was considered largely ineffective until additional multi-lateral environmental agreements were adopted (Fitzmaurice, 2013) and the US used unilateral action through the Pelly and Packwood-Magnuson Amendments (Caron, 1995 and see further discussion below).”
From Institutional navigation of oceans governance: Lessons from Russia and the United States Indigenous multi-level whaling governance in the Arctic (2022) · cites this paper as Caron, 1995
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York, A. M., Zdor, E., BurnSilver, S., Degai, T., Monakhova, M., Isakova, S., Petrov, A. N., & Kempf, M. (2022) · Earth System Governance · doi:10.1016/j.esg.2022.100154 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Caron, D. D.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Caron, David D.
- ORCID
- Caron, David D.
- Venue
- American Journal of International Law
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1995-01
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 154-174
- ISSN
- 0002-9300 (ISSN-L)
- 2161-7953
- OpenAlex
- W2010779851
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 8.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- papers.ssrn.com
- Locations
- American Journal of International Law (publishedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › International Environmental Law and Policies
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Relations and Foreign Policy
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Law and Human Rights
- Keywords
- International Whaling Commission, international environmental law, international organizations, coercion, consensualism, institutional legitimacy, whaling regulation, marine mammal conservation
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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