The DOI matches its Crossref record.
North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790-1860.
Overview
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Citations
Cited by
Rethinking Racism: Toward a Structural Interpretation
Bonilla-Silva, E. (1997) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2657316 · Cited by 2,760
Racial Orders in American Political Development
KING, D. S., & SMITH, R. M. (2005) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055405051506 · Cited by 527
Ontological Terror: Blackness, Nihilism, and Emancipation
Warren, C. L. (2018) · doi:10.1215/9780822371847 · Cited by 257
Plessy as “Passing”: Judicial Responses to Ambiguously Raced Bodies in Plessy v. Ferguson
Golub, M. (2005) · Law & Society Review · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5893.2005.00234.x · Cited by 37
Legislation and its effects on race relations in southeastern Indiana, 1785-1860.
Varble, D. (2015) · doi:10.18297/etd/1485 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Frazier, E. F., & Litwack, L. F.
- Venue
- The Journal of Southern History
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1961-11
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 540
- ISSN
- 0022-4642 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2495141921
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790-1860. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/2204324
- The paper
- Frazier, E. F., & Litwack, L. F. (1961). North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790-1860. The Journal of Southern History. https://doi.org/10.2307/2204324
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
