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Assimilation Differences among Africans in America
Abstract
Data from the 1990 Census of Population are used to assess the earnings attainment of male African immigrants, their Caribbean-born counterparts, and native-born African Americans. Although Africans earn more than both Caribbean immigrants and native-born blacks, controlling for relevant earnings-related endowments erases the African advantage, and elevates Caribbean earnings above those of the other two groups. The findings also trace a substantial African (but not Caribbean) disadvantage, wherein university degree holders, particularly those with degrees earned abroad, receive little, if any, reward for their degrees. Implications of the findings are discussed.
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“The differences in economic and social achievements highlighted in works such as Dodoo (1997) and Djamba (1999) partly stem from this external construction lens.”
From Conceptualizing the Differences in the Perception and Internalization of Racism Between Black African Immigrants and African Americans in the United States (2025) · cites this paper as Dodoo 1997
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Racial Stratification, Immigration, and Health Inequality: A Life Course-Intersectional Approach
Brown, T. H. (2018) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/soy013 · Cited by 174
Lee, C. D. (2010) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x10392139 · Cited by 102
Immigrants’ Economic Assimilation: Evidence from Longitudinal Earnings Records
Villarreal, A., & Tamborini, C. R. (2018) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/0003122418780366 · Cited by 85
Profiles of depressive symptoms among African Americans and Caribbean Blacks
Lincoln, K. D., Chatters, L. M., Taylor, R. J., & Jackson, J. S. (2007) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.02.038 · Cited by 94
Bryant, C. M., Taylor, R. J., Lincoln, K. D., Chatters, L. M., & Jackson, J. S. (2008) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2008.00497.x · Cited by 94
Metadata
- Authors
- Dodoo, F. N.-A.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dodoo, F. Nii-Amoo
- Venue
- Social Forces
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1997-12
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 527
- ISSN
- 0037-7732 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2098264904
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Social Forces (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration and Labor Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Keywords
- assimilation, African immigrants, Caribbean immigrants, earnings, educational attainment, returns to education, degree holders, racial earnings gap
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Assimilation Differences among Africans in America. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/2580723
- The paper
- Dodoo, F. N.-A. (1997). Assimilation Differences among Africans in America. Social Forces. https://doi.org/10.2307/2580723
