The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Contrastive Rhetoric: Cross-Cultural Aspects of Second-Language Writing
Abstract
PART 1 PRELIMINARIES: EARLY PHASES OF THE FIELD 1 Toward an extended definition of contrastive rhetoric 2 Contrastive rhetoric studies in applied linguistics 3 Historical evaluation of contrastive rhetoric: from Kaplan's 1966 study to diversification in languages, genres, and authors PART 2 INTERFACES WITH OTHER DISCIPLINES 4 Contrastive rhetoric and the field of rhetoric and composition 5 Contrastive rhetoric and text linguistics 6 Writing as an activity embedded in a culture 7 Contrastive rhetoric and translation studies 8 Genre-specific studies in contrastive rhetoric PART 3 IMPLICATIONS OF CONTRASTIVE RHETORIC 9 Methods of research in contrastive rhetoric 10 Conclusion: Implications and research directions
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
(2005) · Teacher education quarterly (Claremont, Calif.) · Cited by 466
An exploration of a genre set: Research article abstracts and introductions in two disciplines
Samraj, B. (2005) · English for Specific Purposes · doi:10.1016/j.esp.2002.10.001 · Cited by 396
Melby-Lervåg, M., & Lervåg, A. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0033890 · Cited by 363
Qualification and certainty in L1 and L2 students' writing
Hyland, K., & Milton, J. (1997) · Journal of Second Language Writing · doi:10.1016/s1060-3743(97)90033-3 · Cited by 267
(2008) · Cited by 80
Metadata
- Authors
- Lafford, B. A., & Connor, U.
- Venue
- The Modern Language Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1997
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 255
- ISSN
- 0026-7902 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2027663137
- Cited by
- 731
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 400.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Contrastive Rhetoric: Cross-Cultural Aspects of Second-Language Writing. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/328793
- The paper
- Lafford, B. A., & Connor, U. (1997). Contrastive Rhetoric: Cross-Cultural Aspects of Second-Language Writing. The Modern Language Journal. https://doi.org/10.2307/328793
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.