Biomat-related lifestyles in the Precambrian
Abstract
Abstract The strange biota of Neoproterozoic sea bottoms become more understandable if we assume that otherwise soft sediments were sealed by firm and erosion-resistant biomats. This allowed "mat encrusters" (vendobionts; trilobozoan and other sponges) to get attached to sandy bottoms, and molluscan "mat scratchers" to scrape off an algal film, as if they were living on rocks. Minute conical "mat stickers" (Cloudina) probably required a sticky substrate to become stabilized in upright position. Horizontal burrows are interpreted as the works of worm-like "undermat miners." Only the latter lifestyle appears to go back to the Mesoproterozoic; the others emerged in Vendian times and virtually disappeared when matgrounds became restricted to hostile environments in the wake of the Cambrian ecological revolution.
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During the Neoproterozoic, macroscopic life was largely limited to benthic habitats; skeletons and sclerotized mouthparts began to evolve toward the end of this era.
“During the Neoproterozoic, macroscopic life was largely limited to benthic habitats ( e.g. Seilacher 1999); skeletons and sclerotized mouthparts began to evolve toward the end of this era.”
From Palaeozoic evolution of animal mouthparts (2017) · cites this paper as Seilacher 1999
The trace-fossil record points to two major evolutionary breakthroughs: the Fortunian diversification event and the Cambrian Stage 2 agronomic revolution that marks the establishment of a Phanerozoic-style ecology.
“Underdetailedscrutiny, the trace-fossil record clearly points to two majorevolutionary breakthroughs-theFortuniandiversification event, and the Cambrian Stage 2 agronomic revolution that marks the establishment of a Phanerozoic-style ecology [40]”
From Decoupling of body-plan diversification and ecological structuring during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition: evolutionary and geobiological feedbacks (2014) · cites this paper as [40]
Kimberella was preserved in place while grazing on substrate microbial mats.
“These findings suggest that Kimberella was preserved in place while grazing on substrate microbial mats (Seilacher 1999; Gehling et al. 2005).”
From The Ediacaran emergence of bilaterians: congruence between the genetic and the geological fossil records (2008) · cites this paper as Seilacher 1999
The absence of arthropod scratch marks is not too worrisome because such traces would demand sclerotized appendages to cut through microbial mats, a character not necessitated by stem-group panarthropods or deeply nested stem-group arthropods in Ediacaran sediments.
“The absence of arthropod scratch marks (Seilacher 1999), though, is not too worrisome given that such traces would demand the presence of sclerotized appendages to cut through the ubiquitously present microbial mats, a character not necessitated by the presence of stemgroup panarthropods, or even deeply nested stemgroup arthropods, in Ediacaran-aged sediments.”
From The Ediacaran emergence of bilaterians: congruence between the genetic and the geological fossil records (2008) · cites this paper as Seilacher 1999
Kimberella appears at least 10-15 million years before the Cambrian Explosion but millions of years after the Doushantuo, was a fairly large bilaterian possibly as long as 14 cm, and likely made its living by scratching sea floor microbial mats with a radula or radula-like structure.
“Kimberella, which as discussed above appears at least some 10 -15 million years before the”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Seilacher, 1999
This mat surface would have provided a stable substrate to which microscopic sponges and cnidarians could attach or in which they could live partially inserted as mat stickers.
“This would have provided a stable substrate to which microscopic sponges and cnidarians could have attached, or in which they could have lived partially inserted as mat stickers (Seilacher, 1999).”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Seilacher, 1999
This elevated preservation potential is likely to have been further enhanced by the lack of zooplankton or motile benthic scavengers and deposit feeders.
“This elevated preservation potential is likely to have been further enhanced by the lack of zooplankton (e.g. Butterfield, 1997; Rigby & Milsom, 2000) or motile benthic scavengers and deposit feeders (e.g. Seilacher, 1999; Bottjer et al., 2000).”
From Remarkable preservation of microbial mats in Neoproterozoic siliciclastic settings: Implications for Ediacaran taphonomic models (2009) · cites this paper as Seilacher, 1999
The abundance of wrinkle structures and related features on Precambrian siliciclastic bedding planes has led to acceptance that microbial mats were much more widespread on the seafloor at that time, so that they were more likely to be preserved.
“In contrast, the abundance of wrinkle structures and related features on Precambrian siliciclastic bedding planes, has led to acceptance of the notion that microbial mats were much more widespread on the seafloor at that time, so that they had were more likely to be preserved (Fig. 2, Seilacher & Pflüger, 1994; Pflüger & Gresse, 1996; Seilacher, 1999; Pflüger, 1999).”
From Remarkable preservation of microbial mats in Neoproterozoic siliciclastic settings: Implications for Ediacaran taphonomic models (2009) · cites this paper as Seilacher, 1999
In the Ediacaran, the redox boundary lay at shallow depths.
“The redox boundary (solid line) lay at shallow depths (e.g. McIlroy & Logan, 1999; Seilacher, 1999; Bottjer et al., 2000; Bailey et al., 2006)”
From Remarkable preservation of microbial mats in Neoproterozoic siliciclastic settings: Implications for Ediacaran taphonomic models (2009) · cites this paper as Seilacher, 1999
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- Authors
- Seilacher, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Seilacher, Adolf
- Venue
- PALAIOS
- Publisher
- Society for Sedimentary Geology
- Published
- 1999-02-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 86-93
- ISSN
- 0883-1351 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-5323
- OpenAlex
- W2098543064
- Cited by
- 560
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 10.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Palaios (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Keywords
- biomat, Neoproterozoic, Ediacaran, sponges, Cloudina
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