The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The Learning Style Preferences of ESL Students
Abstract
Following a review of the literature on learning styles and cognitive styles for both native speakers (NSs) and nonnative speakers (NNSs) of English, this article presents the results of a questionnaire that asked 1,388 students to identify their perceptual learning style preferences. Statistical analyses of the questionnaires indicated that NNS learning style preferences often differ significantly from those of NSs; that ESL students from different language backgrounds sometimes differ from one another in their learning style preferences; that other variables such as sex, length of time in the United States, length of time studying English in the U.S., field of study, level of education, TOEFL score, and age are related to differences in learning styles; and that modifications and extensions of ESL student learning styles may occur with changes in academic environment and experience. During the past decade, educational research has identified a
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Cognition Plus: Correlates Of Language Learning Success
EHRMAN, M. E., & OXFORD, R. L. (1995) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05417.x · Cited by 591
Truong, H. M. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.014 · Cited by 531
Ramburuth, P., & McCormick, J. (2001) · Higher Education · doi:10.1023/a:1017982716482 · Cited by 276
Second Language Research on Individual Differences
Oxford, R. L., & Ehrman, M. (1992) · Annual Review of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1017/s0267190500002464 · Cited by 273
Is the learning approach of students from the Confucian heritage culture problematic?
Tran, T. T. (2013) · Educational Research for Policy and Practice · doi:10.1007/s10671-012-9131-3 · Cited by 179
Metadata
- Authors
- Reid, J. M.
- Venue
- TESOL Quarterly
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1987-03
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 87
- ISSN
- 0039-8322 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2164175169
- Cited by
- 1,027
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 8.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Learning Style Preferences of ESL Students. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/3586356
- The paper
- Reid, J. M. (1987). The Learning Style Preferences of ESL Students. TESOL Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.2307/3586356
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.