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The Imposition of Colonial Jurisdiction over the Montauk Indians of Long Island
Abstract
The imposition of English authority over the Algonquian peoples of southern New England and Long Island in the seventeenth century has been studied by many scholars who focused, in varying degrees, on the question of exploi- tation. Bushnell (1953), Vaughan (I965), Kawashima (I969, I986), and Trealease (1960) concluded that the Algonquian were not treated unfairly, while Ronda (I974), Jennings (I976), and Koehler (i979) conclude that native peoples were exploited. Richard White (1981, I99I) has used a broader focus introducing two useful models for the study of this process: dependency theory and the ground. This article treats the question of exploitation within the context of White's models by tracing the historical experience of the Montauk, an eastern coastal Algonquian people, as the middle collapsed and patterns of depen- dency emerged in the latter half of the seventeenth century. The Middle Ground on Eastern Long Island In the late spring of 1637 word reached the Native American villages on eastern Long Island that the English had massacred a Pequot village of over four hundred men, women, and children and had followed up the vic- tory with a ruthless search and destroy campaign that nearly destroyed the tribe. The defeat dramatically marked a shift in the New England power balance, which had begun several years earlier as a result of epidemics and the expansion of the English fur trade network (Salisbury 1982: 203- 15). The power realignment created a ground where ne…
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A major smallpox epidemic began and continued through 1664, killing an estimated two-thirds of the existing Algonquian population.
“Furthermore, a major smallpox epidemic began and continued through 1664, killing an estimated two-thirds of the existing Algonquian population.”
From From Youghco to Black John: Ethnohistory of Sylvester Manor, ca. 1600–1735 (2007) · cites this paper as Strong 1994: 565
Through this arrangement, the English commissioners gained the exclusive purchase rights from Native Americans for land on eastern Long Island.
“Through this arrangement, the English commissioners gained the exclusive purchase rights from Native Americans for land on eastern Long Island (Strong 1997: 171, 184-85;Strong 1994: 563).”
From From Youghco to Black John: Ethnohistory of Sylvester Manor, ca. 1600–1735 (2007) · cites this paper as Strong 1994: 563
With an increasing dependence on European goods, Native Americans became further incorporated into the European labor system after 1659, often as whalers, domestics, unskilled laborers, and guides.
“With an increasing dependence on European goods, Native Americans became further incorporated into the European labor system after this date, often as whalers, domestics, unskilled laborers, and guides (Ales 1993: 35;Strong 1994: 565;Strong 1997: 233-35, 237).”
From From Youghco to Black John: Ethnohistory of Sylvester Manor, ca. 1600–1735 (2007) · cites this paper as Strong 1994: 565
The 17th-century Manhanset or Manhansacks were linked politically to the Montauk of Eastern Long Island.
“The 17th-century Manhanset or Manhansacks, who were linked politically to the Montauk of Eastern Long Island (Ales 1993; Strong 1994), took full advantage of the rich and diverse resources Peconic Bay and the island had to offer (Lightfoot, Kalin, and Moore 1987: 30).”
From The Archaeology of Sylvester Manor (2007) · cites this paper as Strong 1994
Native laborers often worked as whalers, unskilled workers, domestics or guides, trades they continued to ply into the 19th century.
“As laborers they often worked as whalers, unskilled workers, domestics or guides (Ales 1993: 43-45; Strong 1994: 565; 1997: 233-235), trades they continued to ply into the 19th century (Barsh 2002).”
From The Archaeology of Sylvester Manor (2007) · cites this paper as Strong 1994
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The Archaeology of Sylvester Manor
Mrozowski, S. A., Hayes, K. H., & Hancock, A. P. (2007) · Northeast Historical Archaeology · doi:10.22191/neha/vol36/iss1/3 · Cited by 11
From Youghco to Black John: Ethnohistory of Sylvester Manor, ca. 1600–1735
Priddy, K. L. (2007) · Northeast Historical Archaeology · doi:10.22191/neha/vol36/iss1/4 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Strong, J. A.
- Venue
- Ethnohistory
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1994
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 561
- ISSN
- 0014-1801
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 0
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