CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 102Diet, Metabolism, and DiseaseDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsLiver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Exercise Prevents Fructose-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia in Healthy Young Subjects

Open access
Egli, Léonie, Lecoultre, Virgile, Theytaz, Fanny, Campos, Vanessa, Hodson, Leanne, Schneiter, Philippe, Mittendorfer, Bettina, Patterson, Bruce W. +5 more·2013·Diabetes
DOI 10.2337/db12-1651PMC PMC3712038
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Excess fructose intake causes hypertriglyceridemia and hepatic insulin resistance in sedentary humans. Since exercise improves insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant patients, we hypothesized that it would also prevent fructose-induced hypertriglyceridemia. This study was therefore designed to evaluate the effects of exercise on circulating lipids in healthy subjects fed a weight-maintenance, high-fructose diet. Eight healthy males were studied on three occasions after 4 days of 1) a diet low in fructose and no exercise (C), 2) a diet with 30% fructose and no exercise (HFr), or 3) a diet with 30% fructose and moderate aerobic exercise (HFrEx). On all three occasions, a 9-h oral [(13)C]-labeled fructose loading test was performed on the fifth day to measure [(13)C]palmitate in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL)-triglycerides (TG). Compared with C, HFr significantly increased fasting glucose, total TG, TRL-TG concentrations, and apolipoprotein (apo)B48 concentrations as well as postfructose glucose, total TG, TRL-TG, and [(13)C]palmitate in TRL-TG. HFrEx completely normalized fasting and postfructose TG, TRL-TG, and [(13)C]palmitate concentration in TRL-TG and apoB48 concentrations. In addition, it increased lipid oxidation and plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentrations compared with HFr. These data indicate that exercise prevents the dyslipidemia induced by high fructose intake independently of energy balance.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2337/db12-1651

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Exercise appears to correct early markers of metabolic disease induced by high fructose intake, independent of energy balance.

    “However, exercise appears to be able to correct early markers of metabolic disease induced by high fructose intake, independent of energy balance (Egli et al. 2013; Wilburn et al. 2015).”

    From Fructose co‐ingestion to increase carbohydrate availability in athletes (2019) · cites this paper as Egli et al. 2013

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 45

  1. [1]Tappy L Lê KA Metabolic effects of fructose and the worldwide increase in obesity. Physiol Rev 2010; 90: 23– 46 20086073
  2. [2]Bray GA Nielsen SJ Popkin BM Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 79: 537– 543 15051594
  3. [3]Bizeau ME Pagliassotti MJ Hepatic adaptations to sucrose and fructose. Metabolism 2005; 54: 1189– 1201 16125531
  4. [4]Wei Y Wang D Pagliassotti MJ Fructose selectively modulates c-jun N-terminal kinase activity and insulin signaling in rat primary hepatocytes. J Nutr 2005; 135: 1642– 1646 15987843
  5. [5]Wei Y Pagliassotti MJ Hepatospecific effects of fructose on c-jun NH2-terminal kinase: implications for hepatic insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004; 287: E926– E933 15198936
  6. [6]Wharton CM Hampl JS Beverage consumption and risk of obesity among Native Americans in Arizona. Nutr Rev 2004; 62: 153– 159 15141431
  7. [7]Mozaffarian D Hao T Rimm EB Willett WC Hu FB Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 2392– 2404 21696306 PMC3151731
  8. [9]Welsh JA Sharma A Abramson JL Vaccarino V Gillespie C Vos MB Caloric sweetener consumption and dyslipidemia among US adults. JAMA 2010; 303: 1490– 1497 20407058 PMC3045262
  9. [10]Aeberli I Zimmermann MB Molinari L Fructose intake is a predictor of LDL particle size in overweight schoolchildren. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86: 1174– 1178 17921399
  10. [11]Chen L Caballero B Mitchell DC Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with reduced blood pressure: a prospective study among United States adults. Circulation 2010; 121: 2398– 2406 20497980 PMC2892032
  11. [12]Shoham DA Durazo-Arvizu R Kramer H Sugary soda consumption and albuminuria: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004. PLoS ONE 2008; 3: e3431 18927611 PMC2562987
  12. [13]Assy N Nasser G Kamayse I Soft drink consumption linked with fatty liver in the absence of traditional risk factors. Can J Gastroenterol 2008; 22: 811– 816 18925303 PMC2661299
  13. [14]Crapo PA Kolterman OG Henry RR Metabolic consequence of two-week fructose feeding in diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care 1986; 9: 111– 119 3516605
  14. [15]Sievenpiper JL Carleton AJ Chatha S Heterogeneous effects of fructose on blood lipids in individuals with type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental trials in humans. Diabetes Care 2009; 32: 1930– 1937 19592634 PMC2752906
  15. [16]Bantle JP Clinical aspects of sucrose and fructose metabolism. Diabetes Care 1989; 12: 56– 61 2653749
  16. [17]Stanhope KL Bremer AA Medici V Consumption of fructose and high fructose corn syrup increase postprandial triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein-B in young men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: E1596– E1605 21849529 PMC3200248
  17. [18]Stanhope KL Schwarz JM Keim NL Consuming fructose-sweetened, not glucose-sweetened, beverages increases visceral adiposity and lipids and decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese humans. J Clin Invest 2009; 119: 1322– 1334 19381015 PMC2673878
  18. [19]Lê KA Ith M Kreis R Fructose overconsumption causes dyslipidemia and ectopic lipid deposition in healthy subjects with and without a family history of type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1760– 1765 19403641
  19. [20]Theytaz F Noguchi Y Egli L Effects of supplementation with essential amino acids on intrahepatic lipid concentrations during fructose overfeeding in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 96: 1008– 1016 23034968
  20. [21]Faeh D Minehira K Schwarz JM Periasamy R Park S Tappy L Effect of fructose overfeeding and fish oil administration on hepatic de novo lipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in healthy men. Diabetes 2005; 54: 1907– 1913 15983189
  21. [22]Aeberli I Hochuli M Gerber PA Moderate amounts of fructose consumption impair insulin sensitivity in healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 2013; 36: 150– 156 22933433 PMC3526231
  22. [23]Parks EJ Skokan LE Timlin MT Dingfelder CS Dietary sugars stimulate fatty acid synthesis in adults. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1039– 1046 18492831 PMC2546703
  23. [24]Katzmarzyk PT Leon AS Wilmore JH Targeting the metabolic syndrome with exercise: evidence from the HERITAGE Family Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35: 1703– 1709 14523308
  24. [25]Albright A Franz M Hornsby G American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and type 2 diabetes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32: 1345– 1360 10912903
  25. [26]Okura T Nakata Y Ohkawara K Effects of aerobic exercise on metabolic syndrome improvement in response to weight reduction. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2007; 15: 2478– 2484 17925474
  26. [27]Anderssen SA Carroll S Urdal P Holme I Combined diet and exercise intervention reverses the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged males: results from the Oslo Diet and Exercise Study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2007; 17: 687– 695 17331082
  27. [28]Zotou E Magkos F Koutsari C Acute resistance exercise attenuates fasting and postprandial triglyceridemia in women by reducing triglyceride concentrations in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 110: 869– 874 20607278
  28. [29]Tsekouras YE Magkos F Kellas Y Basioukas KN Kavouras SA Sidossis LS High-intensity interval aerobic training reduces hepatic very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride secretion rate in men. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2008; 295: E851– E858 18664593
  29. [31]Harris JA Benedict FG A Biometric Study of Human Basal Metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1918; 4: 370– 373 16576330 PMC1091498
  30. [33]Tran C Jacot-Descombes D Lecoultre V Sex differences in lipid and glucose kinetics after ingestion of an acute oral fructose load. Br J Nutr 2010; 104: 1139– 1147 20540820
  31. [34]Chong MF Fielding BA Frayn KN Mechanisms for the acute effect of fructose on postprandial lipemia. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85: 1511– 1520 17556686
  32. [36]Bode C Eisenhardt JM Haberich FJ Bode JC Influence of feeding fructose on fructose and glucose absorption in rat jejunum and ileum. Res Exp Med (Berl) 1981; 179: 163– 168 7280364
  33. [37]Aarsland A Chinkes D Wolfe RR Hepatic and whole-body fat synthesis in humans during carbohydrate overfeeding. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 65: 1774– 1782 9174472
  34. [38]Minehira K Vega N Vidal H Acheson K Tappy L Effect of carbohydrate overfeeding on whole body macronutrient metabolism and expression of lipogenic enzymes in adipose tissue of lean and overweight humans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004; 28: 1291– 1298 15303106
  35. [39]Hudgins LC Hellerstein MK Seidman CE Neese RA Tremaroli JD Hirsch J Relationship between carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia and fatty acid synthesis in lean and obese subjects. J Lipid Res 2000; 41: 595– 604 10744780
  36. [40]Haidari M Leung N Mahbub F Fasting and postprandial overproduction of intestinally derived lipoproteins in an animal model of insulin resistance. Evidence that chronic fructose feeding in the hamster is accompanied by enhanced intestinal de novo lipogenesis and ApoB48-containing lipoprotein overproduction. J Biol Chem 2002; 277: 31646– 31655 12070142
  37. [41]Aeberli I Gerber PA Hochuli M Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid metabolism and promotes inflammation in healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 94: 479– 485 21677052
  38. [43]Lecoultre V Benoit R Carrel G Fructose and glucose co-ingestion during prolonged exercise increases lactate and glucose fluxes and oxidation compared with an equimolar intake of glucose. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 1071– 1079 20826630
  39. [44]Gill JM Hardman AE Exercise and postprandial lipid metabolism: an update on potential mechanisms and interactions with high-carbohydrate diets (review). J Nutr Biochem 2003; 14: 122– 132 12742539
  40. [45]Seip RL Angelopoulos TJ Semenkovich CF Exercise induces human lipoprotein lipase gene expression in skeletal muscle but not adipose tissue. Am J Physiol 1995; 268: E229– E236 7864098
  41. [46]Kersten S Seydoux J Peters JM Gonzalez FJ Desvergne B Wahli W Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha mediates the adaptive response to fasting. J Clin Invest 1999; 103: 1489– 1498 10359558 PMC408372
  42. [47]Nilsson LH Hultman E Liver and muscle glycogen in man after glucose and fructose infusion. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1974; 33: 5– 10 4827760
  43. [48]Harrison M O’Gorman DJ McCaffrey N Influence of acute exercise with and without carbohydrate replacement on postprandial lipid metabolism. J Appl Physiol 2009; 106: 943– 949 19112157
  44. [49]Vedala A Wang W Neese RA Christiansen MP Hellerstein MK Delayed secretory pathway contributions to VLDL-triglycerides from plasma NEFA, diet, and de novo lipogenesis in humans. J Lipid Res 2006; 47: 2562– 2574 16929033
  45. [50]Vos MB Kimmons JE Gillespie C Welsh J Blanck HM Dietary fructose consumption among US children and adults: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Medscape J Med 2008; 10: 160 18769702 PMC2525476

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Egli, L., Lecoultre, V., Theytaz, F., Campos, V., Hodson, L., Schneiter, P., Mittendorfer, B., Patterson, B. W., Fielding, B. A., Gerber, P. A., Giusti, V., Berneis, K., & Tappy, L.
Affiliations
  • University of Lausanne (CH)
  • University of Oxford (GB)
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • University of Surrey (GB)
  • University Hospital Zurich (CH)
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
Corresponding author
Tappy, Luc
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Published
2013-06-14
Volume
62
Issue
7
Pages
2259-2265
ISSN
  • 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-327X
DOI
10.2337/db12-1651
PMC
PMC3712038
OpenAlex
W2123806653
Cited by
102
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3
FWCI
8.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Diabetes (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion)
  • Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
  • Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
Funders
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK056341)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Keywords
fructose, hypertriglyceridemia, aerobic exercise, hepatic insulin resistance, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B-48, lipid oxidation, free fatty acids, dyslipidemia, energy balance
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Blood Glucose, Diet, Energy Metabolism, Fructose, Humans, Male, Hypertriglyceridemia, Exercise, Cross-Over Studies, Lipid Metabolism, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review