Efficacy and Safety Comparison of Liraglutide, Glimepiride, and Placebo, All in Combination With Metformin, in Type 2 Diabetes

Nauck, Michael, Frid, Anders, Hermansen, Kjeld, Shah, Nalini S., Tankova, Tsvetalina, Mitha, Ismail H., Zdravkovic, Milan, Düring, Maria, Matthews, David R., for the LEAD-2 Study Group·2009·Diabetes Care

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  1. Out of stock: A brief clinical reference for rough equivalency of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 ( GLP ‐1) ± glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide ( GIP ) receptor agonists for A1c and weight reduction in people with type 2 diabetes
    Leigh Perreault, Bryan C. Bergman · 2023 · Journal of Diabetes
  2. Liraglutide for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Japan
    Kohei Kaku · 2011 · Diabetes Management
  3. ELEVATED FASTING GLUCOSE LEVELS IN OBESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: PREVALENCE AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES
    Emilia Hagman · 2016 · Figshare
  4. Efficacy and tolerance of liraglutide for weight loss in obese, type 2 diabetes and haemodialysis patients
    Maxime Touzot, Adela Voican, Louis Potier, Hélène Beaussier, Marine Cachanado, Emmanuelle Sacco, Gilles Châtellier, Christophe Ridel, Pablo Ureña, Isabela Banu et al. · 2025 · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism
  5. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Shashank Joshi, Ashok Kumar Das, Kamlesh Khunti, Sachin Khunti, SANJAY Y. CHOUDHARI · 2026 · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
  6. Timing and duration of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist use and risk of nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy
    Siar Niazi, Filip Gnesin, Baker Nawfal Jawad, Zia Niazi, Puriya Daniel Würtz Yazdanfard, Anne Pernille Toft‐Petersen, Kathrine Kold Sørensen, Amani Meaidi, Yousif Subhi, Christian Tobias Torp-Pedersen · 2026 · Acta Ophthalmologica
  7. The incretin system in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Jeffrey Wayne Stephens, Swansea, Steve C Bain · 2010 · Clinical Medicine
  8. Management of diabesity in primary care: individualisation of care
    David B Haslam · 2012 · Practical Diabetes
  9. Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists for weight loss in people with obesity
    Sara Kirk, Tatyana Shamliyan, Maria Middleton · 2017 · Obesity Medicine
  10. Assessment of Islet Alpha- and Beta-Cell Function
    Sten Madsbad, Jens Juul Holst · 2019 · Springer eBooks
  11. Use of Premixed Insulin, Metformin, and a Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist as a Therapeutic Approach for Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes
    Nicole M Ehrhardt, Sasan Fazeli, Sanjana Rao, RICHARD L. AMDUR · 2020 · Diabetes Spectrum
  12. The efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists in pediatric patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review
    Xinyi Li, Tong Sun, Xin Du, Xiaohui Xie, Luwen Shi · 2022 · Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
  13. Short-Term Effects of Liraglutide versus Vildagliptin on Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes: A Single Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial (LIRAVIS Study)
    Martine Claude Etoa Etoga, Estelle Amandine Well, Siméon Pierre Choukem, Mesmin Yefou Dehayem, F. Mendane, Anne Ongmeb Boli, Astasselbe Abba Hadja Inna, Jean Claude Mbanya, Eugène Sobngwi · 2023 · Journal of Diabetes Mellitus
  14. The Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Analogues therapy in the non-diabetic patients
    Agnieszka Sienicka, Krzysztof Kubasik, Agata Pisula · 2023 · Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences
  15. Liraglutide and Robust A1C Reductions Among People With Type 2 Diabetes Requiring Appetite Control: A Review of Two Cases
    Mason A. Pitts, Ryanne H. Griggs, M Hall, M. Tankersley, Jeremy L. Johnson · 2023 · Diabetes Spectrum
  16. Liraglutide innovations: a comprehensive review of patents (2014–2024)
    Ajay Kumar Pandey, Amit K. Goyal · 2024 · Pharmaceutical Patent Analyst
  17. GLP-1 RAs
    Evan S. Drake, Adriane B. Marino, Jenna D. Theroux, Kaitlin Roberts · 2024 · The Nurse Practitioner
  18. Effects of 3-month liraglutide treatment on oxidative stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetes patients with different urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio categories
    Shu‐Mei Chen, Meiqing He, Yufan Qin, Jing Tian, Zerong Liang, Ying Li, Peihua Wang, Youzhi Zhang, Cui Lan Zhou, Juan Xiao · 2024 · Medicine
  19. Shaping the future of youth-onset type 2 diabetes: a call to action
    AMY SANGHAVI SHAH, Megan Moriarty Kelsey, Risa M. Wolf, Kristen J. Nadeau · 2025 · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
  20. Newer Diabetes Medications
    Jay S. Skyler · 2011 · Springer eBooks
  21. Recent Diabetes Issues Affecting the Primary Care Clinician
    Karen R Sando, Jose Barboza, Crystal D. Willis, James Taylor · 2011 · Southern Medical Journal
  22. Incretins and the specific mechanism of action of liraglutide, the first applicable human glucagon-like peptide 1 analog in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
    Edoardo Mannucci, Lamanna · 2010 · Journal of Receptor Ligand and Channel Research
  23. Impact of data from recent clinical trials on strategies for treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Pasquale J Palumbo, Jonathan Wert · 2010 · Vascular Health and Risk Management
  24. What Have We Learned About the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes? The Evolving Paradigms
    Jeffrey S. Freeman, Edward S. Horton · 2012 · American Journal of Therapeutics
  25. Issledovanie effekta i deystviya liraglutida pri sakharnom diabete (LEADTM) Expert Rev. Endocrinol. Metab. 4(2), 119-129 (2009)
    Sten Medsbed · 2009 · Diabetes Mellitus
  26. Pleiotropic effects of incretins and antidiabetics with incretine mechanism
    Gábor Winkler · 2013 · Orvosi Hetilap
  27. Incretin-Based Therapies: Review of the Outpatient Literature with Implications for Use in the Hospital and After Discharge
    Bruce W. Bode, Alpesh Amin · 2009 · Hospital Practice
  28. Liraglutide pour le traitement du diabète de type 2
    A. Avignon, J.-P. Sauvanet · 2010 · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques
  29. Pleiotropic Effects of GLP-1. Cardiovascular Evidence of Effectiveness
    Pedro Pujante Alarcón, Ana Belén Hernández Cascales, Alfonso López Ruiz, María Ángeles Ibáñez Gil, Alicia Hernández Torres, María Dolores Hellín Gil · 2013 · Pharmacology & Pharmacy
  30. Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes: a review of the Phase II and III trials
    Marta Letizia Hribal, Giorgio Sesti · 2011 · Clinical Investigation
  31. The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Agonists in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Kira R. Brice, Maria Tzefos · 2011 · Clinical Medicine Insights Endocrinology and Diabetes
  32. Integrating incretin-based therapy into type 2 diabetes management.
    Stephen Brunton · 2013 · PubMed
  33. Open‐label randomized non‐inferiority trial of a fixed‐dose combination of glimepiride and atorvastatin for the treatment of people whose Type 2 diabetes is uncontrolled on metformin
    Phil Ambery, A. Stylianou, Gillian F. Atkinson, Cameron Dott, L. D. Curtis, Nazneen Haque, K.A.K. LaCroix, Kyung Wan Min, on behalf of the Glimepiride/Atorvastatin Investigational Team · 2015 · Diabetic Medicine
  34. New treatments for type 2 diabetes in the UK – An evolving landscape
    Anthony H Barnett · 2010 · Primary care diabetes
  35. Detection of Adverse Drug Reactions Among Ordinary Users of Liraglutide on the Occasion of Drug Dispensing in the Community Pharmacy Setting
    Søren Troels Christensen, Ole J. Bjerrum · 2013 · Journal of Patient Safety
  36. Is liraglutide or exenatide better in type 2 diabetes?
    Sheila Anne Doggrell · 2009 · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
  37. Disseminated cryptococcosis with caverno-oesophageal fistula in a case of idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia.
    Jairaj Nair, Athavale Au, Sonal Gawande, Unmil B. Shah, Milind M. Baldi, Gupt, Varun Gavali · 2014 · PubMed
  38. The efficacy of once-daily liraglutide as an add-on to oral antidiabetic agents on weight reduction and glycemic control in obese patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes: a retrospective analysis in relation to liraglutide dose escalation within a 7-month treatment period
    Abbas Mahdi Rahmah, Jameelah Kadhim Taher Al-Isawi, Osama Abbas Mahdi · 2020 · International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries
  39. Effect of liraglutide on markers of insulin production in persons with type 2 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections
    Klara Westman, Henrik Imberg, Magnus Olof Wijkman, Irl B. Hirsch, Jaakko O. Tuomilehto, Sofia Dahlqvist, Marcus Lind · 2021 · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
  40. ▼Liraglutide for type 2 diabetes?
    2010 · Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin
  41. Liraglutide Effectiveness in Type 2 Diabetes: Insights from a Real-World Cohort of Portuguese Patients
    José Silva‐Nunes, Edite Nascimento, Joana Louro, Jorge M. Dores, Teresa Laginha, Ana Gonçalves-Ferreira, Marta Alves, Selma B. Souto, Nelson Carvalho Cunha, Elsa Pina et al. · 2022 · Metabolites
  42. Real-World Utilization and Effectiveness of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Dosed Weekly and Daily in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Results from Retrospective Electronic Medical Records in China
    Zhen Ruan, Xianwen Chen, Menghuan Song, Ruxu Jia, Hang Luo, Carolina Oi Lam Ung, Hao Hu · 2024 · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
  43. Present and Prospective Pharmacotherapy for the Management of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
    Leonor Corsino, Mary E. Cox, Jennifer Voigt Rowell, Jennifer B. Green · 2009 · Clinical Medicine Therapeutics
  44. Incretin mimetics and enhancers: New insulin secretagogues for Type-2 diabetes
    Rajiv Mahajan, Kapil Gupta · 2010 · Biomedical Research-tokyo
  45. Value-Based Payments and Incentives to Improve Care: A Case Study of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Medicare Advantage
    Jesse A. Sussell, Katalin Bognar, Taylor Schwartz, Jason T. Shafrin, John J. Sheehan, Wade M Aubry, Dennis Patrick Scanlon · 2017 · Value in Health
  46. Moderate preventative effect with intraperitoneal liraglutide injection in high-fat diet induced C57BL/6J obese mouse model
    Manroop Khroud, Zhuolun Song, Weijuan Shao, Tianru Jin · 2019 · Obesity Medicine
  47. Place in Therapy for Liraglutide and Saxagliptin for Type 2 Diabetes
    Michael Shawn McFarland, Meghan Brock, Casey Ryals · 2011 · Southern Medical Journal
  48. Liraglutide, a GLP‐1 Analogue to Treat Diabetes
    Lotte Bjerre Knudsen · 2010 · Wiley eBooks
  49. Non‐Insulin Parenteral Therapies
    Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad, Ole Schmitz · 2010 · Wiley eBooks
  50. New developments in incretin‐based therapies: The current state of the field
    Carolyn Robertson · 2009 · Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners
  51. Review: Maximising the therapeutic potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetes
    Nigel Irwin, Marc Moodley, Peter R. Flatt · 2009 · The British Journal of Diabetes
  52. In reply—Long-term Efficacy and Safety of Exenatide Treatment
    Carol Wysham · 2015 · Mayo Clinic Proceedings
  53. Träger: Bundesärztekammer Kassenärztliche Bundesvereinigung Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften
    Nationale VersorgungsLeitlinie · 2011
  54. New Drugs Approved in 2010
    Erin L. Sears, Tegan Steimel · 2011 · Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings
  55. Clinical Approaches to Preserving β-Cell Function in Diabetes
    BERNARDO LEO WAJCHENBERG, Rodrigo Mendes de Carvalho · 2014 · Springer eBooks
  56. GLP-1-RA – „New kid on the block“ in der Nephrologie?
    Leonie Kraft, Moritz Schanz, Jörg Latus · 2025 · DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift
  57. Metformin induces diarrhea in mice under over-eating conditions
    Kotomi Chikama, Hiroshi Takemori, Momoka Mizoguchi, Saho Furukawa, Koutarou Terada, Masafumi Ito, Hirotsugu Hirano, Takanori Miura, Koichi Doi, Megumi Horiya et al. · 2025 · Diabetology International
  58. Sind GLP-1-Rezeptor-Agonisten und SGLT2-Inhibitoren auch im höheren Lebensalter geeignet?
    Svea Stüdemann, Stefan Engeli · 2025 · Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel
  59. The Locally Active‐Controlled Optimal Design: Applications in Oncology Clinical Studies
    Xiao Zhang, Gang Shen · 2025 · Biometrical Journal
  60. Direct or Indirect Action? Mechanisms of the Antiatherosclerotic Effects of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists
    Michał Zawadzki, Monika Karczewska‐Kupczewska · 2026 · Cardiovascular Therapeutics
  61. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Incretin Receptor Agonists: A Metabolic Approach to Halting Liver Disease Progression
    Ludovico Abenavoli, Anna Giulia Loricchio, Ivo Lopez, Domenico Morano, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Dan Lucian Dumitrascu, Francesco Luzza · 2026 · Medicina
  62. Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects Across Nine Glucose‐Lowering Drug Classes in Type 2 Diabetes: Extension of the LEGEND ‐ T2DM Network Study
    Hsin Yi Chen, Thomas Falconer, Anna Ostropolets, Tara V. Anand, Xinzhuo Jiang, David M. Davila-Garcia, Linying Zhang, Ruochong FAN, Hannah Morgan‐Cooper, Marc A. Suchard et al. · 2026 · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism
  63. Incretins for type 2 diabetes
    Esther Min, Andrew Goyette, Elaine Young, Katherine Moon, Natalie J. Bellini, Diana M. Isaacs · 2026 · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
  64. KDOQI Commentary on the 2025 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults
    Tara I. Chang, Jennifer Cluett, Debbie L. Cohen, Paul E. Drawz, Joanna Q. Hudson, Holly Kramer, Mahboob Rahman, Linda Awdishu · 2026 · American Journal of Kidney Diseases
  65. Efficacy of liraglutide therapy in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients insufficiently controlled with basal‐supported oral therapy
    Mitsuyoshi Takahara, Toshihiko Shiraiwa, Kentaro Ohtoshi, Hideaki Kaneto, Naoto Katakami, Taka‐aki Matsuoka, Iichiro Shimomura · 2012 · Journal of Diabetes Investigation
  66. Incretin-based therapy for treating patients with type 2 diabetes
    György Jermendy · 2011 · Orvosi Hetilap
  67. The new therapeutic modalities for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: insulin detemir added to liraglutide
    E.Yu. Pashkova · 2013 · Problems of Endocrinology
  68. New and Future Medications for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Michael C. Mathers, Sommer D. Zarbock, Emily Sutton · 2013 · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
  69. Liraglutide in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes: clinical data and practical considerations for its use
    Francisco Javier Ampudia‐Blasco, Carlos Calvo Gómez, Xavier Cos, Javier García Alegría, Esteban Jódar Gimeno, José Javier Mediavilla Bravo, Pedro Mezquita Raya, Jorge Navarro Pérez, Manel Puig‐Domingo · 2010 · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
  70. Liraglutide
    Dennis J. Cada, Terri L. Levien, Danial E. Baker · 2010 · Hospital Pharmacy
  71. Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists on Visceral Fat Adiposity, Appetite, and Food Preference
    Yuya Fujishima, Norikazu Maeda · 2014 · Elsevier eBooks
  72. Tailoring treatment for type 2 diabetes: Uncovering the HOW and NOW of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy
    Scott V. Joy, Jeffrey S. Freeman, James R. LaSalle · 2011 · Osteopathic Family Physician
  73. Safety and tolerability of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
    Rupa Ahluwalia, Jiten P Vora · 2012 · The British Journal of Diabetes
  74. The ‘collateral benefits‘ of noninsulin therapies for Type 2 diabetes
    Erin D. Roe, NATALIE C. PON, Priscilla A. Hollander, Philip Raskin · 2013 · Diabetes Management
  75. Results of the LEAD-2 study in relation to NICE and ADA/EASD guidelines for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the UK
    John P.H. Wilding · 2009 · The British Journal of Diabetes
  76. Inkretine: Gibt es kardiovaskuläre Effekte?
    Baptist Gallwitz · 2010 · Herz
  77. Glucagon-like peptide-1 based therapies: Effects beyond blood glucose control
    Subash Sivaraman, Thomas M. Barber, Paul J. O'Hare, Harpal Singh Randeva · 2013 · The British Journal of Diabetes
  78. VALIDATED RP - HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LIRAGLUTIDE IN TABLET DOSAGE
    A. Madhavi · 2012
  79. Treatment G protein-coupled receptor signaling: Implications for the treatment of diabetes and its complications
    Kolar Gr, Mollisa M. Elrick · 2014
  80. Efficacité et taux de maintenance du liraglutide chez les patients diabétiques de type 2 en pratique clinique courante en France Étude EVIDENCE : Une étude observationnelle, prospective, post-commercialisation, avec un suivi de 2 ans
    Jean–François Gautier, Luc Martinez, Alfred Penfornis, É. Eschwège, Guillaume Charpentier, A. Bouzidi, Suliya Madani, Pierre Gourdy · 2016 · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques
  81. Efficacy and safety of once daily liraglutide versus twice daily exenatide in type 2 diabetic patients in Qatar: an observational study
    Zainab Jassim, Reem Elajez, Imran Fahmi Khudair, Rasha Al Anany, Rana Moustafa Al Adawi · 2018 · Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research
  82. Comparing the bioequivalence and safety of liraglutide in healthy Chinese subjects: an open, single-dose, randomized, repeated, two-sequence, two-cycle phase I clinical trial
    Zhongnan Xu, Zhengzhi Liu, Yanli Wang, Jinling Xue, Tianying Chang, Yingzi Cui, Yang Cheng, Guangwen Liu, Wanhua Wang, Yannan Zhou et al. · 2023 · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
  83. Management of Type 2 diabetes with liraglutide
    Mette Bohl, Ann Overgaard, Anna Pietraszek, Kjeld Hermansen · 2014 · Diabetes Management
  84. DIET-INDUCED OBESITY: DOPAMINERGIC AND BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS AS OUTCOMES AND PREDICTORS
    Vidya Narayanaswami · 2013 · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)
  85. В унісон із світовими тенденціями: клінічні аспекти застосування ліраглутиду в комбінації з інсуліном у пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом (огляд літератури і клінічні спостереження)
    О.В. Zinych, N.M. Kushnariova, Алла Ковальчук, O.V. Prybila, К.О. Shyshkan-Shyshova, N.M. Gurina, V.V. Korpachev · 2016 · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine)
  86. Comments on current guidelines of type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment
    Emil Martinka · 2017 · Vnitřní lékařství
  87. GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF HOW TO WEIGH THE OPTIONS, SELECT THE RIGHT PATIENTS, AND MAXIMIZE BENEFITS
    Lawrence Blonde, Vivian Andrew Fonseca · 2018 · Endocrine Practice
  88. An Analysis of Dosage Volume for Halfway Doses in the Victoza Pen
    Lisa A. Kroon · 2011 · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
  89. Harnessing the weight‐regulating properties of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
    Giorgio Sesti · 2009 · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism
  90. The clinical challenges of managing type 2 diabetes and the potential of GLP‐1‐based therapies
    Bernard Zinman · 2009 · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism
  91. A practical Guide to Treatment with Liraglutide
    Devasenan Devendra, Vassiliki Bravis · 2010 · Clinical Medicine Insights Therapeutics
  92. Incretin-based therapies and their future in Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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  93. How incretin-based therapies address the spectrum of physiologic disturbance in type 2 diabetes
    2010 · The Internet Journal of Academic Physician Assistants
  94. Tipps zum praktischen Einsatz
    Ludwig Merker · 2012 · Info Diabetologie
  95. Effets cardiovasculaires du GLP-1 : des données expérimentales aux conséquences thérapeutiques des incrétinomimétiques
    C. Halter, P. Böhme, Olivier Ziegler, Bruno Guerci · 2010 · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques
  96. Role of Incretin, Incretin Analogues and Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
    K. Athanasia, Marina S., I. Stavros · 2011 · InTech eBooks
  97. Incretin-Based Treatment Strategy - GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1R) or So-Called Incretin Mimetics
    Jindra Perušičová, Klara Owe · 2011 · InTech eBooks
  98. The Incretin Mimetics
    Anthony H Barnett, Jenny Grice · 2011