Long-Term Effect of an Education Program (HyPOS) on the Incidence of Severe Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Open accessAbstract
A new education program for treating diabetic patients with hypoglycemia problems, named HyPOS, was developed and evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. The present study investigated the long-term effect of HyPOS on the prospectively assessed incidence of severe hypoglycemia defined as an episode requiring medical assistance by injection of glucose intravenously or glucagon intramuscularly. HyPOS comprises five lessons of 90 min each over 5 weeks. The program informs about the vicious cycle of frequent hypoglycemia increasing the risk for future hypoglycemia (1,2). Patients were trained in symptom awareness by using diaries and performing blood glucose estimation. The control …
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Several clinical trials have not shown a reduction of IAH by using CGM despite a reduced incidence of level 3 hypoglycemia.
“Several clinical trials have not shown a reduction of IAH by using CGM despite a reduced incidence of level 3 hypoglycemia (101,112,124,126-128).”
From The management of type 1 diabetes in adults. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) (2021) · cites this paper as [128]
The HyPOS study reports fewer severe hypoglycemic episodes in its education-program group than in the control group at 31 months (main text; page unavailable). It does not study CGM or report that CGM trials failed to reduce impaired awareness of hypoglycemia. The main text instead notes improved awareness after six months of HyPOS. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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- Authors
- Hermanns, N., Kulzer, B., Krichbaum, M., Kubiak, T., & Haak, T.
- Affiliations
- German Diabetes Center Mergentheim (DE)
- Universität Greifswald (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hermanns, Norbert
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2010-03-01
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e36-e36
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC6898932
- OpenAlex
- W2057687611
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Patient Safety and Medication Errors
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, severe hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia education, hypoglycemia awareness, self-monitoring of blood glucose, hypoglycemia incidence, long-term follow-up, glucagon, intravenous glucose
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Awareness, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Promotion, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemia, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Incidence
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