Age of Islet Autoantibody Appearance and Mean Levels of Insulin, but Not GAD or IA-2 Autoantibodies, Predict Age of Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated predictors of progression to diabetes in children with high-risk HLA genotypes and persistent islet autoantibodies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) followed 2,542 children with autoantibodies measured to GAD, IA-2, and insulin. RESULTS: Persistent islet autoantibodies developed in 169 subjects, and 55 of those progressed to diabetes. Children expressing three autoantibodies showed a linear progression to diabetes with 74% cumulative incidence by the 10-year follow-up compared with 70% with two antibodies and 15% with one antibody (P < 0.0001). Both age of appearance of first autoantibody and insulin autoantibody (IAA) levels, but not GAD or IA-2 autoantibodies, were major determinants of the age of diabetes diagnosis (r = 0.79, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In the DAISY cohort, 89% of children who progressed to diabetes expressed two or more autoantibodies. Age of diagnosis of diabetes is strongly correlated with age of appearance of first autoantibody and IAA levels.
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IAA concentration correlates with the rate of progression to overt type 1 diabetes in children followed from birth.
“IAA concentration correlates with the rate of progression to overt type 1 diabetes in children followed from birth.67,68”
From Type 1 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [67]
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Research works printed but not linked: 14
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Steck, A. K., Johnson, K., Barriga, K. J., Miao, D., Yu, L., Hutton, J. C., Eisenbarth, G. S., & Rewers, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Denver (US)
- Corresponding author
- Steck, Andrea K.
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2011-05-20
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1397-1399
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC3114355
- OpenAlex
- W2107053825
- Cited by
- 195
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 8.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01ai15416-28-0-11, AI050864, DK57516, DK32493)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (N01 AI 15416, AI 050864, U19AI050864, N01-AI-015416)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK057516, DK 57516, R01DK032493, R37-DK32493, R37DK032493, DK050979, R01DK050979, DK-320083)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, islet autoantibodies, insulin autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, IA-2 autoantibodies, age at diagnosis, disease progression, children
- MeSH terms
- Autoantibodies, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Humans, Infant, Insulin, Insulin Antibodies, Islets of Langerhans, Prospective Studies, Age of Onset, Disease Progression
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