Food Order Has a Significant Impact on Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Levels
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Postprandial hyperglycemia is an important therapeutic target for optimizing glycemic control and for mitigating the proatherogenic vascular environment characteristic of type 2 diabetes. Existing evidence indicates that the quantity and type of carbohydrate consumed influence blood glucose levels and that the total amount of carbohydrate consumed is the primary predictor of glycemic response (1). Previous studies have shown that premeal ingestion of whey protein, as well as altering the macronutrient composition of a meal, reduces postmeal glucose levels (2–4). There are limited data, however, regarding the effect of food order on postprandial glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes (5). In this pilot study, we sought to examine the effect of food order, using a typical Western meal, incorporating vegetables, protein, and carbohydrate, on postprandial glucose and insulin excursions in overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes. A total of 11 subjects (6 female, 5 male) with metformin-treated type 2 diabetes were studied …
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In type 2 diabetes, the order in which nutrients are eaten during a meal has a significant effect on postprandial glucose and insulin excursions.
“Data suggest that nutrient order during a meal significantly impacts postprandial glucose and insulin excursions in type 2 diabetes, while its’ effects in prediabetes have not been reported.”
From The impact of food order on postprandial glycaemic excursions in prediabetes (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPremeal consumption of nutrients such as water, fat, protein, or fiber as "preloads" delay the rate of postprandial glucose absorption from the small intestine and attenuate insulin secretion and glucose excursions.
“There is some evidence suggesting that premeal consumption of nutrients such as water, fat, protein, or fiber as “preloads” delay the rate of postprandial glucose absorption from the small intestine and attenuate insulin secretion and glucose excursions [74,180,181,182,183,184,185].”
From Effects of diet, lifestyle, Chrononutrition and alternative dietary interventions on postprandial Glycemia and insulin resistance (2022) · cites this paper as [183]
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- Authors
- Shukla, A. P., Iliescu, R. G., Thomas, C. E., & Aronne, L. J.
- Affiliations
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shukla, Alpana P.
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2015-06-11
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e98-e99
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC4876745
- OpenAlex
- W2098825026
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 6.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000457)
- Weill Cornell Medical College (UL1 TR000457)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- postprandial blood glucose, postprandial insulin, type 2 diabetes, postprandial hyperglycemia, meal composition, overweight and obesity, glycemic control
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