Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study
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OBJECTIVE: We assessed the prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) enrolled in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) was used to assess DPN in 1,734 youth with T1D (mean ± SD age 18 ± 4 years, T1D duration 7.2 ± 1.2 years, and HbA1c 9.1 ± 1.9%) and 258 youth with T2D (age 22 ± 3.5 years, T2D duration 7.9 ± 2 years, and HbA1c 9.4 ± 2.3%) who were enrolled in the SEARCH study and had ≥5 years of diabetes duration. DPN was defined as an MNSI exam score of >2. Glycemic control over time was estimated as area under the curve for HbA1c. RESULTS: The prevalence of DPN was 7% in youth with T1D and 22% in youth with T2D. Risk factors for DPN in youth with T1D were older age, longer diabetes duration, smoking, increased diastolic blood pressure, obesity, increased LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and lower HDL cholesterol (HDL-c). In youth with T2D, risk factors were older age, male sex, longer diabetes duration, smoking, and lower HDL-c. Glycemic control over time was worse among those with DPN compared with those without for youth with T1D (odds ratio 1.53 [95% CI 1.24; 1.88]) but not for youth with T2D (1.05 [0.7; 1.56]). CONCLUSIONS: The high rates of DPN among youth with diabetes are a cause of concern and suggest a need for early screening and better risk factor management. Interventions in youth that address poor glycemic control and dyslipidemia may prevent or delay debilitating neuropathic complications.
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Risk factors for the development and progression of diabetic neuropathy include poor glycemic control, duration of diabetes, hypertension, lipid abnormalities, smoking cessation, and obesity.
“Risk factors for the development and progression of diabetic neuropathy include poor glycemic control, duration of diabetes, hypertension, lipid abnormalities, smoking cessation, and obesity.”
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- Authors
- Jaiswal, M., Divers, J., Dabelea, D., Isom, S., Bell, R. A., Martin, C. L., Pettitt, D. J., Saydah, S., Pihoker, C., Standiford, D. A., Dolan, L. M., Marcovina, S., Linder, B., Liese, A. D., Pop-Busui, R., & Feldman, E. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- Colorado School of Public Health (US)
- Santa Barbara, CA
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Corresponding author
- Feldman, Eva L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2017-07-03
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1226-1232
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC5566278
- OpenAlex
- W2726668995
- Cited by
- 303
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 21.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health Research (1UC4DK108173-01)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Keywords
- diabetic peripheral neuropathy, youth with diabetes, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, prevalence, risk factors, glycemic control, HbA1c, dyslipidemia, HDL cholesterol, smoking, diabetes duration, Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Neuropathies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Risk Factors, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Young Adult
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