The effect of discontinuing continuous glucose monitoring in adults with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of discontinuing continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) after 8 months of CGM use in adults with type 2 diabetes treated with basal without bolus insulin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This multicenter trial had an initial randomization to either real-time CGM or blood glucose monitoring (BGM) for 8 months followed by 6 months in which the BGM group continued to use BGM (n = 57) and the CGM group was randomly reassigned either to continue CGM (n = 53) or discontinue CGM with resumption of BGM for glucose monitoring (n = 53). RESULTS: In the group that discontinued CGM, mean time in range (TIR) 70–180 mg/dL, which improved from 38% before initiating CGM to 62% after 8 months of CGM, decreased after discontinuing CGM to 50% at 14 months (mean change from 8 to 14 months −12% [95% CI −21% to −3%], P = 0.01). In the group that continued CGM use, little change was found in TIR from 8 to 14 months (baseline 44%, 8 months 56%, 14 months 57%, mean change from 8 to 14 months 1% [95% CI −11% to 12%], P = 0.89). Comparing the two groups at 14 months, the adjusted treatment group difference in mean TIR was −6% (95% CI −16% to 4%, P = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS: In adults with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin who had been using real-time CGM for 8 months, discontinuing CGM resulted in a loss of about one-half of the initial gain in TIR that had been achieved during CGM use.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Interruption of access to CGM is associated with worsening outcomes.
“Interruption of access to CGM is associated with a worsening of outcomes (7,15); therefore, it is important for individuals on CGM to have consistent access to devices.”
From 7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [15]
CGM discontinuation in individuals with type 2 diabetes on basal insulin caused partial reversal of A1C reduction and TIR improvements, suggesting that continued CGM use achieves the greatest benefits.
“CGM discontinuation in individuals with type 2 diabetes on basal insulin caused partial reversal of A1C reduction and TIR improvements, suggesting that continued CGM use achieves the greatest benefits (15).”
From 7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [15]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 21 · Cited by 82
- Authors
- Aleppo, G., Beck, R. W., Bailey, R., Ruedy, K. J., Calhoun, P., Peters, A. L., Pop-Busui, R., Philis-Tsimikas, A., Bao, S., Umpierrez, G., Davis, G., Kruger, D., Bhargava, A., Young, L., Buse, J. B., McGill, J. B., Martens, T., Nguyen, Q. T., Orozco, I., Biggs, W., Lucas, K. J., Polonsky, W. H., Price, D., Bergenstal, R. M., MOBILE Study Group, Martens, T., Carlson, A., Bergenstal, R. M., Chambers, S., Yang, S., Young, L., Buse, J., Kirkman, M. S., Kass, A., Fraser, R., Kruger, D., Cushman, T., Davis, G., Ramos, C., Umpierrez, G., Peters, A. L., Magar, M., Walker, M., Serafin-Dokhan, S., McGill, J. B., Salam, M., Hurst, S., Clifton, M. J., Aleppo, G., Kravarusic, J., Bansal, A., Fulkerson, C., Pop-Busui, R., Ang, L., Richardson, C., Mizokami-Stout, K., Reiss, J., Leone, V., Bhargava, A., Stifel, K., Philis-Tsimikas, A., Dailey, G., Change, A., McCallum, J., Garcia, M. I., Bao, S., Davis, D., Lovell, C., Root, C., Biggs, W., Toler, F., Wilhelm, L., Eifert, R., Murguia, L., Cota, B., Nguyen, Q. T., Nguyen, L., Lipski, R., Orozco, I., Lawrence, M. K., Fournier, A., Carter, M., Lucas, K. J., Hoover, S., Beck, R. W., Ruedy, K. J., Calhoun, P., Bailey, R., Cohen, N., Mouse, T., Rusnak, J., Campos, T., Price, D., Njeru, N., Arant, T., Beck, S. E., & Balo, A.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
- Behavioral Diabetes Institute, San Diego, CA
- Park Nicollet Health Services (US)
- HealthPartners (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Carteret General Hospital (US)
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (US)
- Dexcom (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- MOBILE Study Group
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2021-09-29
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2729-2737
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC8669539
- OpenAlex
- W3204375546
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 13
- FWCI
- 9.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Amgen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Company
- AstraZeneca
- Sanofi
- Intarcia Therapeutics
- Bigfoot Biomedical
- Insulet Corporation
- MannKind Corporation
- Dexcom
- Kowa Company
- Mylan
- Zafgen
- Tandem Diabetes Care
- Nevro
- Novo Nordisk
- Roche Diabetes Care
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001422)
- Abbott Diabetes Care
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK092926, P30DK020572, P30DK124723, P30DK111022)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- continuous glucose monitoring, type 2 diabetes, basal insulin, time in range, blood glucose monitoring, glycemic control, real-time glucose monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
