The History of Insulin

Bliss, Michael

doi:10.2337/diacare.16.3.4

Cited by 104Medical History and InnovationsHistorical Medical Research and TreatmentsHistory of Science and Medicine

The History of Insulin

Bliss, Michael·1993·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/diacare.16.3.4

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The Toronto group isolated insulin from the pancreas in a mere 9 months.
“the Toronto group in a mere 9 months successfully isolated insulin from the pancreas.”
From 100 years of insulin: celebrating the past, present and future of diabetes therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
Banting and Macleod were awarded the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
“Ultimately Banting and Macleod were awarded the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, with Banting sharing his portion of the award with Best, and Macleod doing the same with Collip4,18.”
From 100 years of insulin: celebrating the past, present and future of diabetes therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
The Toronto group proved that pancreatic extract regulated blood glucose levels and urinary glucose excretion by reinjecting it into pancreatectomized dogs, keeping Marjorie alive for more than 70 days.
“They would go on to prove that the pancreatic extract regulated blood glucose levels and urinary glucose excretion by reinjecting it into pancreatectomized dogs, while keeping the longest living of these dogs, Marjorie, alive for more than 70 days.”
From 100 years of insulin: celebrating the past, present and future of diabetes therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [4]

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Intranasal insulin delivery and therapy1Abbreviations: α-CD, α-cyclodextrin; β-CD, β-cyclodextrin; γ-CD, γ-cyclodextrin; AUC, area under the plasma/serum concentration versus time curve; Cmax, maximum or peak plasma/serum concentration; Cmin, minimum plasma/serum concentration; DDPC, didecanoyl-L-α-phosphatidylcholine; DM-β-CD, dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; HLB, hydrophile–lipophile balance; hGH, human growth hormone; HP-β-CD, hydroxy-propyl-β-cyclodextrin; HPC, hydroxypropylcellulose; HSA, human serum albumin; Hyaff 11, hyaluronic acid ester; IDDM, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; Ig, immunoglobulin; Laureth-9, polyoxyethylene-9-lauryl ether; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; LPG, lysophosphatidylglycerol; MCC, microcrystalline cellulose; MTR, mucociliary transport rate; NIDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; PC, phosphatidylcholine; RAMEB, randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin; SDC, sodium deoxycholate; SGC, sodium glycocholate; STDHF, sodium taurodihydrofusidate; 99mTc, 99mtechnetium; TER, transepithelial resistance.1
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Authors: Bliss, M.
Affiliations: University of Toronto (CA)
Corresponding author: Bliss, Michael
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 1993-12-01
Volume: 16
Issue: Supplement_3
Pages: 4-7
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/diacare.16.3.4
OpenAlex: W1999428392
Cited by: 104
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 33.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Medical History and Innovations
Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Historical Medical Research and Treatments
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › History of Science and Medicine
Keywords: insulin, history of insulin, insulin discovery, diabetes mellitus, diabetes treatment
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Drug Industry, Humans, Insulin, Ontario, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century

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