Cold water and pauses in illumination reduces pain during photodynamic therapy: A randomized clinical study
Open accessAbstract
Pain is the main acute adverse event during photodynamic therapy of skin lesions. The objective of this randomized study was to evaluate the pain-relieving effect of pauses and cooling during illumination. Twenty-four patients with actinic keratoses were treated with photodynamic therapy in two symmetrical areas and cooled with either cold-water-spray or cold-water-pack (CoolPack). Treatment areas were cooled during either the first or second period of illumination, which were separated by a 3-min pause in illumination. Pain intensity was scored from 0 to 10. Water-spray reduced the mean pain score by 1.2 points (p=0.030) and CoolPack by 1.3 points (p=0.007) during the first half of the illumination. Pain intensity decreased during the pause by 3.7 points in water-spray patients (p<0.0001) and 3.0 points in CoolPack patients (p<0.0001). In conclusion, cooling resulted in a minor reduction in pain intensity, while adding the intermediate pause in illumination reduced the pain considerably. Use of pauses and cooling during illumination is an easy and inexpensive way to make photodynamic therapy more tolerable for the patient.
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Cooling and pauses during PDT, in combination, were effective in achieving a considerable reduction in pain.
“Cooling and pauses during PDT, in combination, were effective in achieving a considerable reduction in pain [35].”
From Photodynamic Therapy for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
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Self-citationIce freezes pain? A review of the clinical effectiveness of analgesic cold therapy
Ernst, E., & Fialka, V. (1994) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/0885-3924(94)90150-3 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Pain caused by photodynamic therapy of skin cancer
Grapengiesser, S., Gudmundson, F., Larkö, O., Ericson, M. B., Rosén, A., & Wennberg, A. (2002) · Clinical and Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2230.2002.01065.x · Cited by 177 · see citing works
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Photodynamic Therapy for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer—and More?
Morton, C. A. (2004) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.140.1.116 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
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Photodynamic Therapy for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers
Cohen, D., & Lee, P. (2016) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers8100090 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
- Authors
- Regin Wiegell, S., Hædersdal, M., & Christian Wulf, H.
- ORCID
- Hædersdal, Merete
- Venue
- Acta Dermato Venereologica
- Published
- 2008-11-26
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 145-149
- ISSN
- 0001-5555 (ISSN-L)
- 1651-2057
- OpenAlex
- W2412345166
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Acta Dermato Venereologica (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatologic Treatments and Research
- Keywords
- photodynamic therapy, pain, actinic keratosis, treatment tolerability, adverse events
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Cold Temperature, Female, Fluorescence, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain, Pain Measurement, Photochemotherapy, Protoporphyrins, Skin Temperature, Photosensitizing Agents, Keratosis, Actinic
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