Cited by 1,081Balance, Gait, and Falls PreventionPsychometric Methodologies and TestingStroke Rehabilitation and Recovery

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Using psychometric techniques to improve the Balance Evaluation Systems Test: the mini-BESTest

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Franchignoni, F, Horak, F, Godi, M, Nardone, A, Giordano, A·2010·Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

DOI 10.2340/16501977-0537PMC PMC3228839

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To improve, with the aid of psychometric analysis, the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), a tool designed to analyse several postural control systems that may contribute to poor functional balance in adults. METHODS: Performance of the BESTest was examined in a convenience sample of 115 consecutive adult patients with diverse neurological diagnoses and disease severity, referred to rehabilitation for balance disorders. Factor (both explorative and confirmatory) and Rasch analysis were used to process the data in order to produce a new, reduced and coherent balance measurement tool. RESULTS: Factor analysis selected 24 out of the 36 original BESTest items likely to represent the unidimensional construct of "dynamic balance". Rasch analysis was then used to: (i) improve the rating categories, and (ii) delete 10 items (misfitting or showing local dependency). The model consisting of the remaining 14 tasks was verified with confirmatory factor analysis to meet the stringent requirements of modern measurement. CONCLUSION: The new 14-item scale (dubbed mini-BESTest) focuses on dynamic balance, can be conducted in 10-15 min, and contains items belonging evenly to 4 of the 6 sections from the original BESTest. Further studies are needed to confirm the usefulness of the mini-BESTest in clinical settings.

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Authors: Franchignoni, F., Horak, F., Godi, M., Nardone, A., & Giordano, A.
Affiliations: Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri (IT)
Oregon Health & Science University (US)
Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” (IT)
ORCID: Franchignoni, F
Horak, F
Godi, M
Nardone, A
Giordano, A
Venue: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Publisher: MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB
Published: 2010
Volume: 42
Issue: 4
Pages: 323-331
ISSN: 1650-1977 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2340/16501977-0537
PMC: PMC3228839
OpenAlex: W2156121997
Cited by: 1,081
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 86 · 2025: 112 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 114 · 2020: 93 · 2019: 82 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 58.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r37ag006457-28)
National Institute on Aging (R37-AG006457, R01AG006457, AG 06457)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Keywords: Balance Evaluation Systems Test, Mini-BESTest, dynamic balance, postural control, balance disorders, neurorehabilitation, psychometric validation, Rasch analysis, factor analysis, item reduction, local dependence
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Postural Balance, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Vestibular Diseases, Gait Disorders, Neurologic

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Using psychometric techniques to improve the Balance Evaluation Systems Test: the mini-BESTest

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