Cited by 1,081Balance, Gait, and Falls PreventionPsychometric Methodologies and TestingStroke Rehabilitation and Recovery

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Using psychometric techniques to improve the Balance Evaluation Systems Test: the mini-BESTest

Open access

Franchignoni, F, Horak, F, Godi, M, Nardone, A, Giordano, A·2010·Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

DOI 10.2340/16501977-0537PMC PMC3228839

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To improve, with the aid of psychometric analysis, the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), a tool designed to analyse several postural control systems that may contribute to poor functional balance in adults. METHODS: Performance of the BESTest was examined in a convenience sample of 115 consecutive adult patients with diverse neurological diagnoses and disease severity, referred to rehabilitation for balance disorders. Factor (both explorative and confirmatory) and Rasch analysis were used to process the data in order to produce a new, reduced and coherent balance measurement tool. RESULTS: Factor analysis selected 24 out of the 36 original BESTest items likely to represent the unidimensional construct of "dynamic balance". Rasch analysis was then used to: (i) improve the rating categories, and (ii) delete 10 items (misfitting or showing local dependency). The model consisting of the remaining 14 tasks was verified with confirmatory factor analysis to meet the stringent requirements of modern measurement. CONCLUSION: The new 14-item scale (dubbed mini-BESTest) focuses on dynamic balance, can be conducted in 10-15 min, and contains items belonging evenly to 4 of the 6 sections from the original BESTest. Further studies are needed to confirm the usefulness of the mini-BESTest in clinical settings.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2340/16501977-0537

Cites

43 of 43 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The Timed “Up & Go”: A Test of Basic Functional Mobility for Frail Elderly Persons
Podsiadlo, D., & Richardson, S. (1991) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x · Cited by 14,418
Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures
Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003) · Department of Psychology - University of Koblenz-Landau · doi:10.23668/psycharchives.12784 · Cited by 8,975
A Rationale and Test for the Number of Factors in Factor Analysis
Horn, J. L. (1965) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02289447 · Cited by 8,965
Applying the Rasch Model: Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences
Bond, T. G., & Fox, C. M. (2003) · Journal of Educational Measurement · doi:10.1111/j.1745-3984.2003.tb01103.x · Cited by 4,490
Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community
Gillespie, L. D., Robertson, M. C., Gillespie, W. J., Sherrington, C., Gates, S., Clemson, L., & Lamb, S. E. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007146.pub3 · Cited by 3,966
Predicting the Probability for Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Using the Timed Up & Go Test
Shumway‐Cook, A., Brauer, S., & Woollacott, M. H. (2000) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/80.9.896 · Cited by 3,355
Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument.
Berg, K., Wood-Dauphinée, S., Williams, J. I., & Maki, B. E. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 2,961
Relation of sample size to the stability of component patterns.
Guadagnoli, E., & Velicer, W. F. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.265 · Cited by 2,880
Postural orientation and equilibrium: what do we need to know about neural control of balance to prevent falls?
Horak, F. B. (2006) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afl077 · Cited by 2,769
Self-citation
Falls Efficacy as a Measure of Fear of Falling
Tinetti, M. E., Richman, D., & Powell, L. (1990) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/45.6.p239 · Cited by 2,080

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 42 references

Sorted by citations

Items 701–800 of 1,000

Advancing standardisation of motor-cognitive dual task walking assessments: a scoping review of methodological practices in healthy older adults
Olsen, S., McLaren, R., Scrooby, A., Shaikh, N., Henare, D., Taylor, D., & Chaudhary, S. (2026) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-026-07214-2 · Cited by 2
ESTIMATION OF BALANCE STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH HEMIPARESIS: AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK IMPLEMENTATION
Kara, G., Altuğ, F., Kavaklıoğlu, K., & Cavlak, U. (2021) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/10749357.2021.1913936 · Cited by 2
Common Objective Measurements for Strength, Balance, and Function in the Arthroplasty Patient
Noyes, F. R., & Barber-Westin, S. D. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87003-4_9 · Cited by 2
Investigation of in-phase bilateral exercise effects on corticospinal plasticity in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: A registered report single-case concurrent multiple baseline design across five subjects
Sokratous, D., Charalambous, C. C., Papanicolaou, E. Z., Michailidou, K., & Konstantinou, N. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0272114 · Cited by 2
Mobile health technology, exercise adherence and optimal nutrition post rehabilitation among people with Parkinson’s Disease (mHEXANUT) – a randomized controlled trial protocol
Alnes, S. R., Lærum‐Onsager, E., Bye, A., Vistven, A., Franzén, E., Holst, M., & Brovold, T. (2023) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-023-03134-5 · Cited by 2
Measurement properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Lower-Extremity Motor Activity Log for chronic hemiparetic poststroke patients
de Oliveira, E. M., Cecconi, M. E., de Oliveira, C. B., Vegas, M., Alouche, S. R., Arida, R. M., & Matuti, G. D. S. (2023) · Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1767826 · Cited by 2
C-STIM: Protocol for a randomized, single-blind, crossover study of cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for postural instability in people with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)
Dale, M. L., Mancini, M., Stevens, A., Brumbach, B. H., Prewitt, A. L., Harker, G. R., Silva‐Batista, C., Ragothaman, A., Folmer, R. L., Quinn, J. F., et al. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101165 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Measurement properties of Brief-BESTest scores from children, adolescents, and youth with visual impairments
Pennell, A., Fisher, J., Patey, M. J., Miedema, S. T., Stodden, D. F., Lieberman, L. J., Webster, C. A., & Brian, A. (2023) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2023.2288935 · Cited by 2
Consistency in the assessment of postural balance using static stabilometry and scale techniques in older individuals: An observational study
Zverev, Y., Builova, T. V., TULICHEV, A. A., & Валерьевна, И. Н. (2024) · Physical and rehabilitation medicine medical rehabilitation · doi:10.36425/rehab624442 · Cited by 2
The Effect of Total Knee Replacement on Dual–Task Gait Performance in Older Adults
Azzam, I., Rozen, N., Eliyahu, A., Dabby, D., Elbaz, A., Mor, A., & Krasovsky, T. (2024) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzae067 · Cited by 2
Effects of dual-task interference on dexterity performance in people with mild to moderately severe Parkinson’s disease: An observational analysis
Proud, E. L., Morris, M. E., Bilney, B., Miller, K. J., Nijkrake, M. J., Munneke, M., & McGinley, J. L. (2024) · Journal of Hand Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jht.2024.04.002 · Cited by 2
Assessment of Balance
Lee, Y. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-3348-4_7 · Cited by 2
Are clinical tests and biomechanical measures of gait stability able to differentiate fallers from non-fallers in hereditary spastic paraplegia?
van de Venis, L., Ormiston, J. A., Bruijn, S. M., Geurts, A. C. H., van de Warrenburg, B. P. C., Weerdesteyn, V., Keijsers, N., & Nonnekes, J. H. (2024) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.017 · Cited by 2
The Tinetti Balance Test Is an Effective Predictor of Functional Decline in Non-Hospitalized Post-COVID-19 Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Bastos, J. R. M., Ferreira, A. D. S., Lopes, A. J., Pinto, T. P., Rodrigues, É. C., & dos Anjos, F. V. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13216626 · Cited by 2
Exploring relationships among gait, balance, and physical activity in individuals with Huntington's disease
Tueth, L. E., Haussler, A. M., Baudendistel, S. T., & Earhart, G. M. (2024) · Journal of Huntington s Disease · doi:10.1177/18796397241285000 · Cited by 2
Postural Sway Measurement Using a Body-Worn Movement Sensor in Clinical Stroke Rehabilitation: Exploring Sensitivity to Change and Responsiveness
Geerars, M., Wouda, N. C., Felius, R. A. W., Visser‐Meily, J. M. A., Pisters, M. F., & Punt, M. (2025) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzaf021 · Cited by 2
Video Head Impulse Test in Survivors From Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: New Perspectives for Implementation of Assessment in Rehabilitation
Ferri, N., Whitney, S. L., Verrecchia, L., Conti, L. C., Turolla, A., Lelli, T., Formisano, R., Buzzi, M. G., Pillastrini, P., Manzari, L., et al. (2025) · Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/htr.0000000000001044 · Cited by 2
Timely and Personalized Interventions and Vigilant Care in Neurodegenerative Conditions: The FIT4TeleNEURO Pragmatic Trial
Baglio, F., Rossetto, F., Gervasoni, E., Carpinella, I., Smecca, G., Aprile, I. G., Icco, R. D., Trane, S. D., Pavese, C., Lunetta, C., et al. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13060682 · Cited by 2
Mediation and moderation analysis of the association between physical capability and quality of life among stroke patients
Yang, X., Zhang, H., Liu, Q., Lu, Y., & Yao, L. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0320833 · Cited by 2
Do older adults with and without a history of falls show different gait patterns in response to individualized treadmill perturbations?
Hackbarth, M., Zieschang, T., Lau, S., & Koschate, J. (2025) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2025.112853 · Cited by 2
Long-term recovery of sensorimotor functions and prediction of participation in survivors of critical illness: a prospective cohort study
Weghorn, J., Finsterhölzl, M., Wippenbeck, F., Jahn, K., Egger, M., & Bergmann, J. (2025) · Journal of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/s40560-025-00808-9 · Cited by 2
Reliability of the adapted compensatory arm and leg movements scale during perturbation treadmill walking in older adults
Schwenk, M., Mantilla, M. R., Schmidt, N. M., Haug, V., Werner, C., Grüber, M., Denkinger, M. D., & Fleiner, T. (2025) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2025.1658856 · Cited by 2
Current issues in psychometric assessment of outcome measures
Franchignoni, F. P., Giordano, A., Marcantonio, L., Coccetta, C. A., & Ferriero, G. (2012) · Hrčak Portal of scientific journals of Croatia (University Computing Centre) · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Measurement of Gait and Postural Control in Aging
Rigby, B. R., & Ray, C. T. (2018) · Handbooks in health, work, and disability · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-03916-5_5 · Cited by 2
Performance during reactive handrail grasping during forward walking by young and older adults with and without prior knowledge of the direction of movement is correlated with grip strength
McIntosh, E. I., & Vallis, L. A. (2021) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2021.111386 · Cited by 2
A Multi-Directional Treadmill Training Program for Improving Gait, Balance, and Mobility in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: A Case Series
Smith, K., Jackson, K. J., Bigelow, K. E., & Laubach, L. L. (2015) · International journal of exercise science · doi:10.70252/rfdl3044 · Cited by 2
The effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) intervention on body functions, activity limitations, and participation restrictions in people with neurological conditions
Uszynski, M., & Coote, S. B. (2014) · Physical Therapy Reviews · doi:10.1179/1743288x14y.0000000153 · Cited by 2
Clinical decision making and application of an active rehabilitation program for a person with the neuromuscular symptoms of Allgrove syndrome: a case report
Adams, J. T. (2018) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2018.1548049 · Cited by 2
Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paired with Standard Physical Therapy in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Feasibility Trial
Biagioni, M. C., Gallo, E., Son, A. Y., Sharma, K., Fischer, S., Migdadi, H. A., Agarwal, S., Biller, T., Sills, R., Feigin, A., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Clinical Research & Trials · doi:10.15344/2456-8007/2019/134 · Cited by 1
Effectiveness of a Matter of Balance Program Within an Assisted Living Community
Reynolds, L., Buchanan, B., Alexander, J. L., & Bordenave, E. (2019) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics · doi:10.1080/02703181.2019.1673526 · Cited by 2
Validation of a new patient-reported outcome measure of balance recovery confidence (BRC) for community-dwelling older adults: a study protocol
Soh, S. L.-H., Lane, J. V., Gleeson, N., Xu, T., Rahman, F. B. A., Yeh, T., Soon, B., & Tan, C.-W. (2021) · Physical Therapy Reviews · doi:10.1080/10833196.2021.1938867 · Cited by 2
Balance Evaluation Systems Test: deutsche Übersetzung, kulturelle Anpassung und erste Ergebnisse zu Gütekriterien
Haselwander, M., Henes, Y., Weisbrod, M., & Diermayr, G. (2022) · Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie · doi:10.1007/s00391-022-02023-9 · Cited by 2
What Predicts Falls, and what are the Circumstances and Consequences of Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Who Need Walking Aids or Home Help Service
Johnson, S. T., Anens, E., Johansson, A., & Hellström, K. (2022) · Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1177/23337214221098900 · Cited by 2
Catching and throwing exercises to improve reactive balance: A randomized controlled trial protocol for the comparison of aquatic and dry-land exercise environments
Kim, Y., Bolton, D. A. E., Vakula, M. N., & Bressel, E. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0275733 · Cited by 2
Components of a Behavior Change Model Drive Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Persons
Mayo, N. E., Mate, K., Akinrolie, O., Chan, H., Salbach, N. M., Webber, S. C., & Barclay, R. (2023) · Journal of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1123/japa.2022-0076 · Cited by 3
Occlusion of the lower visual field when wearing a facial mask does not compromise gait control when stepping into a hole in older adults
Campoi, H. G., Campoi, E. G., & Moraes, R. (2023) · Human Movement Science · doi:10.1016/j.humov.2023.103063 · Cited by 2
People with multiple sclerosis and unilateral peripheral vestibular loss demonstrate similar alterations in head and trunk turning kinematics compared to healthy controls
Weston, A. R., Dibble, L. E., Hoppes, C. W., & Loyd, B. J. (2023) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.08.002 · Cited by 2
Causal Mediation Analysis of Factors Influencing Physical Activity and Community Access Among People With Mild-to-Moderate Parkinson Disease
Paul, S. S., Porciuncula, F., Cavanaugh, J. T., Rawson, K. S., Nordahl, T. J., Baker, T. C., Duncan, R. P., Earhart, G. M., & Ellis, T. D. (2024) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2024.10.012 · Cited by 2
Overview of Dizziness in Practice
Weinreich, H. M., Martin, E. J., & Agrawal, Y. (2021) · Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.otc.2021.05.008 · Cited by 2
Balance and vestibular dysfunction
Allison, L. K., & Fuller, K. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-07586-2.00031-5 · Cited by 2
On “Benka Wallén M, Sorjonen K, Löfgren N, Franzén E. Structural validity of the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) in people with mild to moderate Parkinson disease.” Phys Ther. 2016;96:1799–1806.
Giordano, A., Franchignoni, F. P., Bravini, E., & Ferriero, G. (2016) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.2016.96.11.1843 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
The VertiGO! Trial: study protocol for evaluating efficacy and safety of prolonged daily stimulation with a multichannel vestibulocochlear implant prototypePreprint
Vermorken, B. L., Volpe, B., van Boxel, S. C. J., Stultiens, J. J. A., van Hoof, M., Loos, E., van Soest, A., Guinand, N., Fornos, A. P., Rompaey, V. V., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2206722/v1 · Cited by 2
Use of a Pediatric Obesity Fall‐risk Scale (POFS) in 301 hospitalized obese children and adolescents
Tamini, S., Cicolini, S., Porcu, A., Seddone, A., Ryan‐Wenger, N. A., & Sartório, A. (2021) · Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/jspn.12335 · Cited by 1
Pilot trial of a mouthpiece as treatment for signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease
May, D., Rawson, K. S., Moeller, D. R., Tueth, L. E., & Earhart, G. M. (2021) · Somatosensory & Motor Research · doi:10.1080/08990220.2021.1953462 · Cited by 1
Equilíbrio postural e fatores associados ao risco de quedas em idosos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Carlos, A. G., Dias, V. D. N., Perracini, M. R., Doná, F., de Sousa, A. G. P., & Gazzola, J. M. (2024) · Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia · doi:10.1590/1981-22562023026.230161.pt · Cited by 1
Moving together—benefits of a 12-week online dance training intervention on static and dynamic postural stability and gait speed in older women: an exploratory pre-post study
Hansen, R., Jochum, E., Egholm, D., Villumsen, S., & Hirata, R. P. (2024) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2024.1384387 · Cited by 5
Comparing balance using the BESTest in Alzheimer, Huntington and Parkinson disease
Tueth, L. E., Duncan, R. P., Crowner, B. E., & Earhart, G. M. (2024) · Neurodegenerative Disease Management · doi:10.1080/17582024.2024.2388507 · Cited by 2
Multicentre investigation on the effect of decompressive surgery on Balance and physical ActiviTy Levels amongst patients with lumbar Spinal stenosis (B-ATLAS): protocol for a prospective cohort study
Zielinski, O. B., Hallager, D. W., Jensen, K. Y., Carreon, L. Y., Andersen, M. Ø., Diederichsen, L. P., & Bech, R. D. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085667 · Cited by 1
Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest): Cultural and Linguistic Adaptation in Russia
Yusupova, D. G., Salina, E. A., Zaytsev, A., Зимин, А. А., Москвина, А. О., Kolokolov, O. V., Polekhina, N. V., Fedonnikov, A., & Suponeva, N. A. (2024) · Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology · doi:10.17816/acen.1141 · Cited by 1
IFRA: A Machine Learning-Based Instrumented Fall Risk Assessment Scale Derived from an Instrumented Timed Up and Go Test in Stroke Patients
Macciò, S., Carfì, A., Capitanelli, A., Tropea, P., Corbo, M., Mastrogiovanni, F., & Picardi, M. (2026) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare14020228 · Cited by 1
Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion is decreased in parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait and high l-dopa equivalent daily dose
Paz, T. D. S. R., Imbiriba, L. A., & Corrêa, C. L. (2025) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.02.006 · Cited by 1
Assessment of the psychometric properties of the Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques – 4 in people with stroke
Ng, S. S. M., Chen, P., Liu, T. W., Li, C. H. L., Tang, T. H. H., Lau, J. L. Y., Ng, C. Y.-T., Tang, K. C. W., Ho, L. Y. W., Lai, C. Y. Y., et al. (2025) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/10749357.2025.2469471 · Cited by 1
Feasibility of Measuring Physical Function by Wearable Devices During Deprescribing of Anticholinergic and Sedative Medications
Cossette, B., Boissy, P., Milot, M.-H., Hilmer, S. N., O’Donnell, L. K., Gnjidic, D., Sirois, C., Mangin, D. A., Ricard, G., Isenor, J. E., et al. (2025) · Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement · doi:10.1017/s0714980825000078 · Cited by 1
AI-driven balance evaluation: a comparative study between blind and non-blind individuals using the mini-BESTest
Jaén-Vargas, M., Pagán, J., Li, S., Trujillo-Guerrero, M. F., Kazemi, N., Sansò, A., Casals, B. C., Daou, R. A. Z., & Olmedo, J. J. S. (2025) · PeerJ Computer Science · doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.2695 · Cited by 1
Responsiveness and Minimal Important Change of the Mini- and Brief-Balance Evaluation Systems Tests in People with Incomplete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Prospective Cohort Study
Morooka, Y., Kunisawa, Y., Obayashi, S., & Takakura, Y. (2025) · Neurology International · doi:10.3390/neurolint17030043 · Cited by 1
Progress in Balance Function and Vestibular Symptoms Following Vestibular Rehabilitation in a Patient With Left Cerebellar Infarction
Hirano, S., Igarashi, T., Inooka, H., & Mitsutake, T. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.83163 · Cited by 1
The Validity, Responsiveness, and Interpretability of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale in Patients with Subacute Stroke: A Preliminary Investigation
Kobayashi, S., Miyata, K., Tamura, S., Hasegawa, S., Shioura, K., & Usuda, S. (2025) · Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.1177/10538135251336059 · Cited by 1
Effect of mat Pilates on postural control in breast cancer survivors receiving endocrine therapy: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Bertoli, J., Barela, J. Â., Freitas, C. D. L. R., & Júnior, I. F. F. (2025) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.06.022 · Cited by 2
Perturbation Recovery Time Identifies Subtle Human Balance Impairments and Features
Wu, J., Raitor, M., Truong, T. E., Liu, C. K., & Collins, S. H. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2026.3699697 · Cited by 1
Identifying Fall Risk within 6 Months Post-Discharge Through Balance Tasks Analysis in Inpatients with Subacute Stroke: Prospective Cohort Study
Igarashi, T., Tani, Y., Kakima, H., & Hayashi, S. (2025) · Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.1177/10538135251356173 · Cited by 1
Retro-Walking and Cholinergic Network Correlates in Parkinson’s Disease
Griggs, A., Carli, G., Brown, T., Kanel, P., Roytman, S., Pongmala, C., Boas, M. V. E., & Bohnen, N. I. (2025) · Journal of Movement Disorders · doi:10.14802/jmd.25109 · Cited by 1
Balance and biomechanics: exploring lower extremity biomechanics in Parkinson’s disease
Düzenli, S., Gündüz, M., Yildirim, G., Yilmaz, A. E., Erdal, Y., & Mustafaoğlu, R. (2025) · Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) · doi:10.1007/s11845-025-04052-w · Cited by 1
Effects of a treadmill and oculomotor dual-task intervention vs. -nordic walking on balance in Parkinson’s disease patients − a pilot study
Niering, M., Wirth, C., Beurskens, R., Ueding, E., Fischer, T., & Seifert, J. (2025) · Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.prdoa.2025.100392 · Cited by 1
Reliability and minimal detectable change for inertial measurement units − Derived stability, symmetry, and smoothness indexes of gait in people with multiple sclerosis
Farra, F. D., Castiglia, S. F., Turolla, A., Pillastrini, P., Serrao, M., Nocentini, U., Brasiliano, P., Vannozzi, G., & Tramontano, M. (2025) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109975 · Cited by 2
Responses to untrained and unexpected balance perturbations following reactive balance training among people with chronic stroke: a feasibility study
Huntley, A. H., Schinkel-Ivy, A., & Mansfield, A. (2025) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/10749357.2025.2566142 · Cited by 1
“From the moment I started standing again, I was worried about falls”: fear of falling in intensive care unit survivors over 12 months
Parry, S. M., Soh, S., Morris, P. E., Larkin, J., Hosey, M. M., da Silva, A. A., Alexander, E. K., Wells, M., Elsegood, N. K., Kinnersly, E. G., et al. (2025) · Annals of the American Thoracic Society · doi:10.1513/annalsats.202503-314oc · Cited by 1
Effects of metastable resistance training with strength and balance requirements compared to traditional resistance and balance training on cognitive performance in older adults: a randomized controlled trial
Claußen, L., Groß, J., & Kibele, A. (2025) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-025-06438-y · Cited by 1
Walking adaptability training for individuals after stroke (ATTAINS): study protocol for a randomized, waiting-list controlled trial
Nieuwelink, M., Smulders, K., Kamphuis, J. F., Nonnekes, J. H., Keijsers, N., & Weerdesteyn, V. (2025) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-025-09276-w · Cited by 1
Quadriceps muscle force magnitude and control in the knee scheduled for arthroplasty versus the contralateral knee: A cross-sectional study in patients with end-stage osteoarthritis
Lemos, T., Razuck, Y. R., Halmenschlager, G. H., Laett, C. T., Silva, S. C., Mozella, A. D. P., & Albarello, J. C. D. S. (2026) · Knee Surgery and Related Research · doi:10.1186/s43019-026-00305-9 · Cited by 1
Wearable technology to characterize and treat mild traumatic brain injury subtypes: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial on biofeedback-based precision rehabilitation (SuBTyPE)
Lee, J. W., Antonellis, P., Fino, P. C., Peterka, R. J., Wilhelm, J. L., Scanlan, K. T., Stojak, M., Brodsky, J., Monoli, C., Weston, A. R., et al. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0340867 · Cited by 5
Surgical Correction of Pes Equinovarus in People With Stroke: Effects on Personalized Goal Attainment and Balance and Gait Capacity
Bloks, B. E., Keijsers, N., Louwerens, J. W. K., Donken, C. C. M. A., Geurts, A. C. H., & Nonnekes, J. H. (2026) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2026.01.015 · Cited by 1
The efficacy and safety of high-frequency SMA-rTMS on freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Yu, S., Liu, C., Zhao, J., Liu, Z., & Gan, J. (2026) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-026-05254-0 · Cited by 1
Evaluation of a multidisciplinary neurological rehabilitation program for the post-COVID-19 condition
Egger, M., Strobl, R., Vogelgesang, L., Reitelbach, J., Grill, E., & Jahn, K. (2026) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-026-13693-5 · Cited by 1
Home-based exercise and amino acid supplementation in older adults: a randomized controlled trial study
Borghi, S., Bonato, M., Bernareggi, S., Torre, A. L., Messina, C., Sconfienza, L. M., Briguglio, M., Vaghi, M., Tripodo, E., Banfi, G., et al. (2026) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-026-01674-0 · Cited by 1
Sedentary behavior modifies the effect of balance rehabilitation on balance discordance in Parkinson’s disease
Albrecht, F., Conklin, S. J., Hooyman, A., Peterson, D. S., Longhurst, J. K., & Franzén, E. (2026) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-026-01357-0 · Cited by 1
The relationship between gait asymmetry and stability in people with sub-acute stroke
Staines, R., Patterson, K. K., Jagroop, D., Inness, E. L., & Mansfield, A. (2026) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110216 · Cited by 1
Reliability of a modified mini balance evaluation systems test (Mini-BESTest) in NF2-related schwannomatosis
Stec, N. E., Bonilla, D. G., Hamilton, T., Bamani, E., Muzikansky, A., Krebs, H. I., & Plotkin, S. R. (2026) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2026.110240 · Cited by 1
Steps against the burden of Parkinson’s disease (StepuP): Protocol of a randomized controlled trial elucidating the biomechanical and neurophysiological mechanisms of a speed dependent treadmill training intervention
van Leeuwen, A. M., Welzel, J., D’Ascanio, I., Lang, C., Vinod, V., Görrisen, P., Geritz, J., Hansen, C., Gazit, E., Tov, S. S., et al. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0348957 · Cited by 1
Validation of a single-sensor sternal accelerometry system for quantifying spatiotemporal gait stability in healthy adults
Miranda-Casasola, F., Ramirez‐Garcia, G., & Fernández-Ruíz, J. (2026) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2026.110964 · Cited by 1
Easy fall risk assessment by estimating the Mini-BES test score
Sannino, G., Falco, I. D., & Pietro, G. D. (2016) · IEEE International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom) · doi:10.1109/healthcom.2016.7749428 · Cited by 1
Störungen des Gleichgewichts und Sturzgefahr bei idiopathischem Parkinson-Syndrom
Ziegler, K. (2016) · neuroreha · doi:10.1055/s-0042-118061 · Cited by 1
Preliminary Validation of a Short Version of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test in Cancer Survivors Living in the Community
Huang, M. H., & Timmes, S. (2016) · Rehabilitation Oncology · doi:10.1097/01.reo.0000000000000016 · Cited by 1
Gleichgewichtsstörungen
Schädler, S. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-45147-8.00001-1 · Cited by 1
A Study to Find out Con-Current Validity and Reliability of Mini-Balance Evaluation System Test for Assessment of Dynamic Balance in Post Stroke Patients – An Observational Study
Desai, B. (2018) · Annals of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy · doi:10.23880/aphot-16000113 · Cited by 1
Association Between Anthropometric Factors and Balance Among Elderly Fallers and Non-Fallers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Pitchai, P., Gurav, R. S., & Chauhan, S. K. (2021) · Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice · doi:10.46743/1540-580x/2021.2049 · Cited by 1
Approach to the Patient with Gait Disturbance
Tarolli, C. G., & Lizárraga, K. J. (2021) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1726355 · Cited by 1
Psychometric Properties of a Modified Balance Evaluation Systems Test
Pourmahmoudian, P., Noraste, A. A., Daneshmandi, H., & Atrkar-Roshan, Z. (2021) · European Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology · doi:10.4274/ejgg.galenos.2021.464
Relationship of the brief-balance evaluation systems test with physical functioning and activities of daily living: A cross-sectional study among hospitalized acute stroke patients
Igarashi, T., Takeda, R., & Hayashi, S. (2022) · Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.3233/nre-210295 · Cited by 1
Development of Dynamic Measures to Assess Balance Confidence and State Anxiety While Walking at Increasing Speeds in Young and Older Adults
Kongsuk, J., Perumean‐Chaney, S. E., Knight, D. C., Brown, C. J., Amara, A. W., & Hurt, C. P. (2022) · Journal of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1123/japa.2021-0322 · Cited by 1
Multiple sclerosis
Widener, G. L. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-07586-2.00028-5 · Cited by 1
Effects of the Anchor System on Postural Balance of Women Undergoing Breast Cancer Treatment: A Clinical, Randomized, Controlled, and Crossover Trial
Rangon, F. B., Marinho, I. L., Cuviena, C. F., Moraes, R., Guirro, R. R. D. J., & Guirro, E. C. D. O. (2023) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2023.07.005 · Cited by 1
BALANCE PERFORMANCE IN DUAL TASK IN PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL DISC HERNIATION RELATED CHRONIC NECK PAIN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Yılmaz, H., Özsoy, G., & Karakaya, M. G. (2024) · Türk fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon dergisi · doi:10.21653/tjpr.1165432 · Cited by 1
Developing a Hybrid Machine Learning System for Parkinson's Disease Detection Using a Combination of Freezing of Gait Video and Inertial Sensor Data
Zhou, C. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Computing and Machine Intelligence (ICMI) · doi:10.1109/icmi60790.2024.10585714 · Cited by 1
The Relationship Between Respiratory Functions and Balance, Trunk Control, and Functional Capacity in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Özkan, T. D., Oğuz, S., Ünal, E., Emir, C. B., & Polat, M. G. (2024) · Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal · doi:10.52538/iduhes.1460958 · Cited by 1
Gait physiotherapy with motor imagery in people with Parkinson’s disease: a protocol for randomized control GAITimagery trial
Valenzuela, C. S. M., Murcia, E., Aznar-Requena, E., Sotolongo, D. G., Rosas-Martín, R., & Sánchez-Sánchez, M. L. (2025) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1508043 · Cited by 1
Acceptability of Cycling With Virtual Reality Among Older Adults Living Independently in a Retirement Village: An Observational Study
Tegegne, T. K., Rawstorn, J. C., Skärsäter, I., Hertz, A.-C., & Maddison, R. (2025) · Journal of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1123/japa.2024-0122 · Cited by 1
Co-Existing Vestibular Hypofunction Impairs Postural Control, but Not Frailty and Well-Being, in Older Adults with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Pauwels, S., Lemkens, N., Lemmens, W., Meijer, K., Meyns, P., van de Berg, R., & Spildooren, J. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14082666 · Cited by 1
Instrumenting the Rise-to-Toes task with wearable inertial sensors: A pilot application in Parkinson's disease and Frontal Gait Disorders
Bonora, G., Mancini, M., Carpinella, I., Chiari, L., Ferrarin, M., & Horak, F. B. (2017) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.07.094 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Evaluation of Feasibility of a Balance and Strength Training Program for New Users of a Wheeled Walker in an Outpatient Rehabilitation Clinic
Åkesson, N., Leffler, A., & Rydwik, E. (2018) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics · doi:10.1080/02703181.2017.1380113 · Cited by 1
Characteristics of the 6 Sections of the Brief-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) of Elderly Individuals
Shinohara, T., Saida, K., Tanaka, S., Miyata, K., & Yamagami, T. (2019) · Rigakuryoho Kagaku · doi:10.1589/rika.34.31 · Cited by 1

Authors: Franchignoni, F., Horak, F., Godi, M., Nardone, A., & Giordano, A.
Affiliations: Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri (IT)
Oregon Health & Science University (US)
Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” (IT)
ORCID: Franchignoni, F
Horak, F
Godi, M
Nardone, A
Giordano, A
Venue: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Publisher: MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB
Published: 2010
Volume: 42
Issue: 4
Pages: 323-331
ISSN: 1650-1977 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2340/16501977-0537
PMC: PMC3228839
OpenAlex: W2156121997
Cited by: 1,081
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 86 · 2025: 112 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 114 · 2020: 93 · 2019: 82 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 58.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r37ag006457-28)
National Institute on Aging (R37-AG006457, R01AG006457, AG 06457)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Keywords: Balance Evaluation Systems Test, Mini-BESTest, dynamic balance, postural control, balance disorders, neurorehabilitation, psychometric validation, Rasch analysis, factor analysis, item reduction, local dependence
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Postural Balance, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Vestibular Diseases, Gait Disorders, Neurologic

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Using psychometric techniques to improve the Balance Evaluation Systems Test: the mini-BESTest

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks