The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin Pyocyanin Causes Cystic Fibrosis Airway Pathogenesis
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In addition, exposure to pyocyanin in the airways leads to pulmonary damage and contributes to CF pathogenesis (Caldwell et al., 2009).”
From In vivo and In vitro Interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. (2017) · cites this paper as Caldwell et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“Pyocyanin causes an imbalance between the T helper type 1 (Th1) and type 2 (Th2) cytokines, leading to overproduction of Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 and increased macrophage infiltration (Caldwell et al., 2009).”
From In vivo and In vitro Interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. (2017) · cites this paper as Caldwell et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“Pyocyanin is the most important phenazine and its production in the CF lung was shown to lead to goblet cell hyperplasia, airway fibrosis and alveolar airspace destruction (Caldwell et al., 2009; Strateva and Mitov, 2011).”
From In vivo and In vitro Interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. (2017) · cites this paper as Caldwell et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“Pyocyanin is produced during Pseudomonas biofilm formation, has a role in acute and chronic airway infections, enables anaerobic survival and serves as a redox-active antimicrobial compound (Biswas et al., 2009; Caldwell et al., 2009).”
From In vivo and In vitro Interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. (2017) · cites this paper as Caldwell et al., 2009
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Citations
Cites
The Involvement of Cell-to-Cell Signals in the Development of a Bacterial Biofilm
Davies, D. G., Parsek, M. R., Pearson, J. P., Iglewski, B. H., Costerton, J. W., & Greenberg, E. P. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.280.5361.295 · Cited by 3,396
Lee, C. G., Homer, R. J., Zhu, Z., Lanone, S., Wang, X., Koteliansky, V., Shipley, J. M., Gotwals, P., Noble, P., Chen, Q., et al. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.194.6.809 · Cited by 940
Wilson, R., Sykes, D. A., Watson, D., Rutman, A., Taylor, G. W., & Cole, P. J. (1988) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.56.9.2515-2517.1988 · Cited by 374
Cited by
Pyocyanin effects on respiratory epithelium: relevance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infections
Rada, B., & Leto, T. L. (2013) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2012.10.004 · Cited by 302
In vivo and In vitro Interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp.
Hotterbeekx, A., Kumar-Singh, S., Goossens, H., & Malhotra-Kumar, S. (2017) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00106 · Cited by 289
Epidemiology, Biology, and Impact of Clonal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in Cystic Fibrosis
Parkins, M. D., Somayaji, R., & Waters, V. J. (2018) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00019-18 · Cited by 253
Zygiel, E. M., Nelson, C. E., Brewer, L. K., Oglesby-Sherrouse, A. G., & Nolan, E. M. (2019) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.ra118.006819 · Cited by 76
Penesyan, A., Kumar, S. S., Kamath, K., Shathili, A. M., Venkatakrishnan, V., Krisp, C., Packer, N. H., Molloy, M. P., & Paulsen, I. T. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138527 · Cited by 40
Metadata
- Authors
- Caldwell, C. C., Chen, Y., Goetzmann, H. S., Hao, Y., Borchers, M. T., Hassett, D. J., Young, L. R., Mavrodi, D., Thomashow, L., & Lau, G. W.
- Venue
- The American Journal of Pathology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 175
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2473-2488
- ISSN
- 0002-9440 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1996762614
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 7.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin Pyocyanin Causes Cystic Fibrosis Airway Pathogenesis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2353/ajpath.2009.090166
- The paper
- Caldwell, C. C., Chen, Y., Goetzmann, H. S., Hao, Y., Borchers, M. T., Hassett, D. J., Young, L. R., Mavrodi, D., Thomashow, L., & Lau, G. W. (2009). Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin Pyocyanin Causes Cystic Fibrosis Airway Pathogenesis. The American Journal of Pathology. https://doi.org/10.2353/ajpath.2009.090166
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
