The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH TO ONLINE TRAINING FOR ONLINE TEACHERS
Open accessAbstract
This article examines the pedagogical role of the teacher in online education. Specifically, the transition from in-class room instruction to online instruction is a complex one involving specialized training in the technical aspects of delivering quality educational materials (or environments) to the students, and specialized training in how to foster knowledge acquisition within this new environment. The article focuses on the pedagogical training that an online instructor needs to become an effective teacher.The article investigates a two-week faculty development pedagogical training course aimed at preparing teachers to operate effectively within an online educational environment. In attempting to orient the teacher to the online environment, the course used a constructivist instructional methodology within an online context. Several types of collaborative exercises were employed such as virtual field trips, online evaluations, interactive essays, and group projects. The sample (N=44) represented veteran college teachers with little online teaching or studying experience. Tenured faculty (30%) and Instructors (25%) composed the majority of the class. The group had well over 13 years classroom teaching experience (53%), and over three-quarters are currently teaching in higher education institutions. Hypotheses were tested through online data collection and surveys to find out the effects of the pedagogical training on the participants. One important finding of the study concludes that teachers exposed to the course significantly changed their attitudes toward online instruction seeing it as more participatory, and interactive than face-to-face instruction. Another major finding is that after the course, teachers saw the online medium as more of an extension of their faculty work. That is, faculty were more willing to use the online medium as an extension of their duties.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The experience gives the faculty an idea about the amount of effort and time required to successfully complete assignments. The experience changes faculty attitudes in their beliefs about the ability of students to complete assignments and the amount of interaction that occurs in an online course (Gold, 2001).”
From Students' Perceptions of Quality Across Four Course Development Models (2018) · cites this paper as Gold, 2001
Citations
Cites
(2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315712383-22 · Cited by 10,894
Democracy and education : an introduction to philosophy of education / John Dewey
Dewey, J. (1917) · The Journal of Philosophy Psychology and Scientific Methods · doi:10.2307/2940197 · Cited by 6,125
Designing Web Usability: The Practice of Simplicity
Nielsen, J. (1999) · Cited by 1,721
The Development of Thought: Equilibration of Cognitive Structures
Easley, J. A., Piaget, J., & Rosin, A. (1978) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.2307/1175382 · Cited by 1,259
Designing Web Usability: The practice of simplicity
McKibbin, S. (2001) · Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1057/palgrave.im.4340116 · Cited by 674
If you want to get ahead, get a theory
Karmiloff‐Smith, A., & Inhelder, B. (1974) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(74)90008-0 · Cited by 648
Sawyers, J. K., & Flavell, J. H. (1986) · Family Relations · doi:10.2307/584549 · Cited by 395
Rockwell, S. K., Schauer, J., Fritz, S. M., & Marx, D. B. (1999) · Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · Cited by 196
Cognitive development, 3rd ed.
Flavell, J. H., Miller, P. H., & Miller, S. A. (1993) · Cited by 173
Ewell, P. T. (1999) · Change The Magazine of Higher Learning · doi:10.1080/00091389909602682 · Cited by 141
Cited by
Sorted by citations
E‐learning: emerging uses, empirical results and future directions
Welsh, E. T., Wanberg, C. R., Brown, K. G., & Simmering, M. J. (2003) · International Journal of Training and Development · doi:10.1046/j.1360-3736.2003.00184.x · Cited by 764
Gopal, R., Singh, V., & Aggarwal, A. (2021) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-021-10523-1 · Cited by 618
Online Engineering Education: Learning Anywhere, Anytime
Bourne, J., Harris, D. A., & Mayadas, F. (2005) · Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1002/j.2168-9830.2005.tb00834.x · Cited by 488
An observational study of engineering online education during the COVID-19 pandemic
Asgari, S., Trajković, J., Rahmani, M., Zhang, W., Lo, R. C., & Sciortino, A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0250041 · Cited by 351
Are We Asking the Right Questions?
Amundsen, C., & Wilson, M. (2012) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/0034654312438409 · Cited by 364
When to jump in: The role of the instructor in online discussion forums
Mazzolini, M., & Maddison, S. (2005) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2005.06.011 · Cited by 314
Bawane, J., & Spector, J. M. (2009) · Distance Education · doi:10.1080/01587910903236536 · Cited by 272
Exploring asynchronous and synchronous tool use in online courses
Öztok, M., Zingaro, D., Brett, C., & Hewitt, J. (2012) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.08.007 · Cited by 227
Review of computer mediated communication research for education
Luppicini, R. (2006) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/s11251-006-9001-6 · Cited by 177
Cheng, B., Wang, M., Yang, S. J. H., Kinshuk, K., & Peng, J. (2011) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.01.018 · Cited by 135
Heo, M. (2009) · Journal of educational multimedia and hypermedia · Cited by 118
EXPLORING RESEARCH ON INTERNET-BASED LEARNING: FROM INFRASTRUCTURE TO INTERACTIONS
Hill, J. R., Wiley, D. A., Nelson, L. M., & Han, S. (2013) · doi:10.4324/9781410609519-24 · Cited by 118
Students’ perceptions of a blended web-based learning environment
Chandra, V., & Fisher, D. (2009) · Learning Environments Research · doi:10.1007/s10984-008-9051-6 · Cited by 99
Teaching chemical bonding through jigsaw cooperative learning
Doymuş, K. (2008) · Research in Science & Technological Education · doi:10.1080/02635140701847470 · Cited by 80
Developing a comprehensive metric for assessing discussion board effectiveness
Kay, R. H. (2006) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2006.00560.x · Cited by 80
Chapter 11. Evaluation of an online, task-based Chinese course
Nielson, K. B. (2014) · Task-based language teaching · doi:10.1075/tblt.6.11nie · Cited by 73
Zia, A. (2020) · International Journal of Information and Learning Technology · doi:10.1108/ijilt-05-2020-0089 · Cited by 74
Web-based teaching in nursing: lessons from the literature
Twomey, A. (2004) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2004.04.010 · Cited by 71
Online interprofessional education facilitation: A scoping review
Evans, S. M., Ward, C., & Reeves, S. (2018) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/0142159x.2018.1460656 · Cited by 69
Capece, G., & Campisi, D. (2011) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2011.630417 · Cited by 64
A Study of the Learning Styles of Undergraduate Social Work Students
Massey, M., Kim, S.-H., & Mitchell, C. (2011) · Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work · doi:10.1080/15433714.2011.557977 · Cited by 50
Emerging Roles and Competencies for Training in E-Learning Environments
Aragon, S. R., & Johnson, S. D. (2002) · Advances in Developing Human Resources · doi:10.1177/152342202237520 · Cited by 46
Moşteanu, N. (2021) · International journal of innovative research and scientific studies · doi:10.53894/ijirss.v4i4.298 · Cited by 49
Interaction, critical thinking, and social network analysis (SNA) in online courses
Thormann, J., Gable, S., Fidalgo, P. S., & Blakeslee, G. (2013) · The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning · doi:10.19173/irrodl.v14i3.1306 · Cited by 45
Blended Learning Innovations: Leadership and Change in One Australian Institution.
Mirriahi, N., Alonzo, D., McIntyre, S., Kligyte, G., & Fox, B. (2015) · The International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (The University of the West Indies) · Cited by 46
Dashtestani, R. (2014) · Research in Learning Technology · doi:10.3402/rlt.v22.20142 · Cited by 44
Expanding the Concept of Usability
Koohang, A. A. (2004) · Informing Science The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline · doi:10.28945/508 · Cited by 44
An Application of the Seven Principles of Good Practice to Online Courses.
Hathaway, K. L. (2014) · Research in higher education journal · Cited by 39
Chitanana, L. (2012) · DergiPark (Istanbul University) · Cited by 39
Souls on Ice: Incorporating Emotion in Web-Based Education
MacFadden, R. J. (2005) · Journal of Technology in Human Services · doi:10.1300/j017v23n01_06 · Cited by 36
Twelve tips for academic role and institutional change in distance learning
Delgaty, L. (2014) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2014.932900 · Cited by 35
Faculty Perspective: Training and Course Development for the Online Classroom
Ray, J. A. (2009) · Cited by 33
ONLINE ENGINEERING EDUCATION: LEARNING ANYWHERE, ANYTIME
Bourne, J., Harris, D. A., & Mayadas, F. (2005) · Online Learning · doi:10.24059/olj.v9i1.1800 · Cited by 32
Adebisi, T. A., & OYELEKE, O. O. (2018) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 31
Interaction in an Asynchronous Online Course: a Synthesis of Quantitative Predictors
Zingaro, D., & Öztok, M. (2012) · Online Learning · doi:10.24059/olj.v16i4.265 · Cited by 29
Miller, J. W., & Tucker, J. S. (2015) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2015.07.002 · Cited by 28
Heo, M. (2011) · Journal of educational multimedia and hypermedia · Cited by 27
Williams, L. M. (2013) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) · Cited by 25
Li, S., Zhang, J., Chen, Y., & Chen, L. (2017) · The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning · doi:10.19173/irrodl.v18i2.2752 · Cited by 31
Chen, X., Zhai, X., Zhu, Y., & Li, Y. (2022) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101035 · Cited by 24
The Forgotten Dimension in Learning: Incorporating Emotion into Web-Based Education
MacFadden, R. J. (2007) · Journal of Technology in Human Services · doi:10.1300/j017v25n01_05 · Cited by 23
Koh, E., Jonathan, C. R., & Tan, J. P.-L. (2019) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci9040287 · Cited by 21
Gazi, Z. A. (2009) · Eastern Mediterranean University Institutional Repository (Eastern Mediterranean University) · Cited by 21
Interaction in online interprofessional education case discussions
Waterston, R. (2011) · Journal of Interprofessional Care · doi:10.3109/13561820.2011.566647 · Cited by 21
Jose, J., & Abidin, M. J. Z. (2016) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.5539/elt.v9n2p84 · Cited by 20
Students' Perceptions of Quality Across Four Course Development Models
Brown, V. S., Lewis, D., & Toussaint, M. (2018) · Online Learning · doi:10.24059/olj.v22i2.1213 · Cited by 20
“The experience changes faculty attitudes in their beliefs about the ability of students to complete assignments and the amount of interaction that occurs in an online course (Gold, 2001).”
BackgroundLópez‐Tocón, I. (2021) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci11090500 · Cited by 19
Redefining the Future of Perioperative Nursing Education: A Conceptual Framework
Dumchin, M. (2010) · AORN Journal · doi:10.1016/j.aorn.2009.11.068 · Cited by 19
A Review of Online Learning and its Evolution in Latin America
Scagnoli, N. I. (2009) · Policy Futures in Education · doi:10.2304/pfie.2009.7.5.555 · Cited by 18
Teaching (still) Matters: Experiences on Developing a Heutagogical Online Module at UNISA
Msila, V., & Setlhako, M. A. (2012) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.392 · Cited by 18
Universitas Terbuka, I., Ardiasih, L. S., Emzir, E., & Rasyid, Y. (2019) · The Journal of AsiaTEFL · doi:10.18823/asiatefl.2019.16.2.6.531 · Cited by 18
Nejad, M. Z., Golshan, M., & Naeimi, A. (2021) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2021.1872908 · Cited by 26
Student Moderators in Asynchronous Online Discussion: A Question of Questions
Zingaro, D. (2012) · TSpace (University of Toronto) · Cited by 17
Goolnık, G. (2006) · DergiPark (Istanbul University) · doi:10.17718/tojde.20496 · Cited by 17
Is Nursing Ready for WebQuests?
Lahaie, U. (2008) · Journal of Nursing Education · doi:10.3928/01484834-20081201-05 · Cited by 17
Students’ and teachers’ attitude towards online classes during Covid-19 pandemic
Afroz, R., Islam, N., Rahman, S. A., & Anny, N. Z. (2021) · International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) · doi:10.20525/ijrbs.v10i3.1155 · Cited by 17
Using Slack to Facilitate Virtual Small Groups for Individualized Interactive Instruction
Hill, J., LaFollette, R., Grosso, R., Axelson, D. J., Hart, K. W., & McDonough, E. (2018) · AEM Education and Training · doi:10.1002/aet2.10201 · Cited by 16
Technology-Enhanced CT: A Systematic Review
Sönmez, E. (2021) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100913 · Cited by 17
Language education via audio/videoconferencing (LEVAC): A discursive investigation
Kozar, O. (2015) · Linguistics and Education · doi:10.1016/j.linged.2015.05.007 · Cited by 18
Seraji, F., & Musavi, H. O. (2023) · Entertainment Computing · doi:10.1016/j.entcom.2023.100585 · Cited by 15
Self aware and self directed: student conceptions of blended learning
Greener, S. (2006) · University of Brighton Repository (University of Brighton) · Cited by 15
Striving for Quality Control in Distance Education
Leh, A. S. C., & Jobin, A. (2002) · Computers in the Schools · doi:10.1300/j025v19v03_08 · Cited by 15
Social Constructivism in Online Learning: Andragogical Influence and the Effectual Educator
Secore, S. (2017) · e-mentor · doi:10.15219/em70.1300 · Cited by 14
Shaw, G. (2009) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-60566-198-8.ch038 · Cited by 14
Aida, S., Zhorabekova, A., ALIPBEK, A., Akeshova, M. M., Kudabayeva, P., & Rizakhojayeva, G. (2022) · World Journal on Educational Technology Current Issues · doi:10.18844/wjet.v14i1.6724 · Cited by 13
Greener, S. (2010) · Campus-Wide Information Systems · doi:10.1108/10650741011073798 · Cited by 13
Challenges Faced by Teachers in Online Teaching during the Pandemic
Haron, S. B. C., Rashid, K. K. A., Haron, S. C., Mamat, A., & Abdullah, N. (2021) · doi:10.7176/jep/12-2-06 · Cited by 13
The change in the teacher´s role: from traditional education to on line education
Garrido, C. M. C. (2003) · Comunicar · doi:10.3916/c21-2003-07 · Cited by 13
Koepke, K., & O’Brien, A. (2012) · Online Learning · doi:10.24059/olj.v16i2.259 · Cited by 12
İşman, A., & Altınay, F. (2005) · DergiPark (Istanbul University) · Cited by 12
Training Teachers for Virtual Classrooms
Journell, W., Beeson, M. W., Crave, J. J., Gómez, M. A., Linton, J. N., & Taylor, M. (2012) · Advances in higher education and professional development book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-1906-7.ch007 · Cited by 11
The Role of E-learning in Science Education vis-a-vis Teacher Training Institutes in Middle East.
Deshmukh, V., Forawi, S., & Jaiswal, A. (2012) · US-China education review · Cited by 11
McGivney, R. J. (2021) · Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · doi:10.7275/5647045 · Cited by 11
Articulation of information requirements for personalised knowledge construction
Sun, L., & Ousmanou, K. (2006) · Requirements Engineering · doi:10.1007/s00766-006-0031-z · Cited by 11
Some Experiences with Collaborative Exercises
Haake, J. M., & Schümmer, T. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0195-2_17 · Cited by 11
Comparing two discussion designs in terms of student online interactions
Yao, Y. (2010) · International Conference on Education Technology and Computer · doi:10.1109/icetc.2010.5529264 · Cited by 10
Smit, J. (2020) · CSALL Publishers (Pty) LtD eBooks · doi:10.29086/978-0-9869936-5-7/2020/aasbs04 · Cited by 12
Pem, U., Dorji, C., Tshering, S., & Dorji, R. (2021) · International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences · doi:10.22161/ijels.64.30 · Cited by 10
Understanding the Use of Online Tools Embedded Within a Virtual Learning Environment
Dommett, E. J. (2018) · International Journal of Virtual and Personal Learning Environments · doi:10.4018/ijvple.2019010103 · Cited by 9
Teaching and Learning Activities in the Online Classroom: A Constructivist Perspective.
Odin, J. K. (2002) · Cited by 9
Acceptance of an Augmented Reality system as a visualization tool for Computer-Aided Design classes
Fernandes, B. C. A., & Joaquín, F. S. (2008) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 9
SEA: Segment-enrich-annotate paradigm for adapting dialog-based content for improved accessibility
Candan, K. S., Dönderler, M. E., Hedgpeth, T., Kim, J. W., Li, Q., & Sapino, M. L. (2009) · ACM Transactions on Information Systems · doi:10.1145/1508850.1508853 · Cited by 8
Designing framework of electronic Continued Professional Development for teachers (e-CPD)
razak, R., & Yusop, F. D. (2014) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b16700-13 · Cited by 8
Yussiff, A., Ahmad, W. F. W., & Oxley, A. (2013) · IEEE Conference on e-Learning, e-Management and e-Services (IC3e) · doi:10.1109/ic3e.2013.6735957 · Cited by 8
Omar, K. A. B. (2022) · Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences · doi:10.18844/cjes.v17i5.7218 · Cited by 7
Exploring the Teaching of Physical Science through Inquiry
Mokiwa, H. O. (2014) · International Journal of Educational Sciences · doi:10.1080/09751122.2014.11890166 · Cited by 7
Arning, K., Himmel, S., & Ziefle, M. (2016) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39949-2_27 · Cited by 7
Professional Development and Recursive E-Learning
Elges, P., Righettini, M., & Combs, M. (2006) · Computers in the Schools · doi:10.1300/j025v23n01_05 · Cited by 7
ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS IN STRUCTURING ASYNCHRONOUS DISCUSSION FORUMS
Tibi, M. H. (2016) · Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education · doi:10.17718/tojde.12429 · Cited by 6
Luong, T.-T., & Kim, E. (2021) · Interactive Technology and Smart Education · doi:10.1108/itse-04-2021-0070 · Cited by 6
A Case Study of Students’ Views on Effective Online Learning
Le, T. T. M. (2021) · AsiaCALL Online Journal · Cited by 6
A delphi study to identify teaching competencies of teacher education faculty in 2015
Na, S. (2006) · doi:10.33915/etd.3448 · Cited by 6
Using Student Choice in Assignments to Create a Learner-Centered Environment for Online Courses
Pinchot, J., & Paullet, K. (2021) · Information Systems Education Journal · doi:10.62273/axjy8260 · Cited by 5
Vanderbilt, K. L. (2022) · Digital Archive @ GSU · doi:10.57709/1059116 · Cited by 5
Faculty Training and Student Perceptions: Does Quality Matter?
Jun, S., & de la Rosa, R. (2015) · Internet learning · doi:10.18278/il.4.1.3 · Cited by 5
e-Learning: A student's perspective a phenomenological investigation
Antoine, J. E. (2011) · Cited by 5
Asmar, J.-P. E., & Mady, C. (2013) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.09.234 · Cited by 5
Using Distance Physical Education in Elite Class Soccer Referee Training: A Case Study
Kızılet, A. (2011) · Dspace Repository (Marmara Üniversitesi) · Cited by 5
Student-Moderated Discussion Boards in a Graduate Online Course
McRay, J., Goertzen, B. J., & Klaus, K. (2016) · Journal of Leadership Education · doi:10.12806/v15/i1/a6 · Cited by 5
Hsia, S. L., Mackey, G., Mondal, R., & Zhou, C. (2025) · Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning · doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2025.102299 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Gold, S.
- Corresponding author
- Gold, Sanford
- Venue
- Online Learning
- Publisher
- The Online Learning Consortium
- Published
- 2001-03-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 1092-8235 (ISSN-L)
- 2472-5730
- 2472-5749
- OpenAlex
- W196822584
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 35.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Online Learning (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Online and Blended Learning
- Social Sciences › Education › Evaluation of Teaching Practices
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Educational Technology and E-Learning
- Keywords
- online learning, faculty development, constructivist teaching, online teacher training, university faculty, virtual learning environments, collaborative learning activities, virtual field trips, group projects, online assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review