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Ages of Young Stars
Open accessAbstract
Determining the sequence of events in the formation of stars and planetary systems and their time-scales is essential for understanding those processes, yet establishing ages is fundamentally difficult because we lack direct indicators. In this review we discuss the age challenge for young stars, specifically those less than ~100 Myr old. Most age determination methods that we discuss are primarily applicable to groups of stars but can be used to estimate the age of individual objects. A reliable age scale is established above 20 Myr from measurement of the Lithium Depletion Boundary (LDB) in young clusters, and consistency is shown between these ages and those from the upper main sequence and the main sequence turn-off -- if modest core convection and rotation is included in the models of higher-mass stars. Other available methods for age estimation include the kinematics of young groups, placing stars in Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams, pulsations and seismology, surface gravity measurement, rotation and activity, and lithium abundance. We review each of these methods and present known strengths and weaknesses. Below ~20 Myr, both model-dependent and observational uncertainties grow, the situation is confused by the possibility of age spreads, and no reliable absolute ages yet exist. The lack of absolute age calibration below 20 Myr should be borne in mind when considering the lifetimes of protostellar phases and circumstellar material.
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“The isochronal ages of pre-MS K stars appear to be underestimated by nearly a factor of 2 compared to ages derived from the main-sequence turn-off, main-sequence turn-on and Li depletion boundary ages (cf.Pecaut, Mamajek & Bubar 2012;Bell et al. 2013;Soderblom et al. 2014).”
From Analysis of 1SWASP J140747.93−394542.6 eclipse fine-structure: hints of exomoons (2014) · cites this paper as Soderblom et al. 2014
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Research works printed but not linked: 15
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Analysis of 1SWASP J140747.93−394542.6 eclipse fine-structure: hints of exomoons
van Werkhoven, T. I. M., Kenworthy, M. A., & Mamajek, E. E. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu725 · Cited by 29
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Metadata
- Authors
- Soderblom, D. R., Hillenbrand, L. A., Jeffries, R. D., Mamajek, E. E., & Naylor, T.
- ORCID
- Jeffries, R. D.
- Venue
- Protostars and Planets VI
- Publisher
- University of Arizona Press
- Published
- 2014
- OpenAlex
- W1834608094
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 9
- FWCI
- 22.58
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- University of Arizona Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1008908)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Keywords
- young stars, stellar ages, age estimation, lithium depletion boundary, young stellar clusters, main-sequence turnoff, stellar rotation, stellar activity, lithium abundance, stellar pulsation, asteroseismology, Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, surface gravity, age spread, circumstellar medium
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